镀铜碳纤维对Cu/C复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响
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摘要
采用天然石墨、短切碳纤维和电解铜粉为原料,通过化学镀的方法在石墨和碳纤维表面均匀镀覆了一层铜粉,采用放电等离子烧结(SPS)工艺制备出Cu/C复合材料,并研究碳纤维含量对其电阻率、密度、硬度和抗弯强度等物理性能的影响。在HT-1000型高温摩擦磨损试验机上测试其摩擦磨损性能,分析了磨损的表面形貌。结果表明:随着碳纤维含量的增加,复合材料的密度逐渐降低,电阻率变化不大,抗弯强度和硬度均有所提高。加入镀铜碳纤维后,有效降低了复合材料的摩擦因数和磨损率,当碳纤维含量在1.5wt%时,复合材料的磨损率最低。碳纤维优异的力学性能增强了复合材料承载能力,减轻了复合材料的黏着磨损,同时碳纤维和石墨的镀铜层提高了碳和铜之间的结合力,有利于应力在碳和铜之间的转移。
A layer of copper was evenly plated on the surface of graphite and carbon fiber by the method of electroless plating using natural graphite,short carbon fiber and electrolytic copper powder as raw materials,and Cu/C composite material was prepared by spark plasma sintering(SPS) process.The effect of carbon fiber content on its physical properties such as resistivity,density,hardness and bending strength were studied.The friction and wear property was investigated with the HT-1000 high-temperature tribometer,and the worn surface morphology was analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy.Effect of different content of carbon fiber on friction and wear property of composites was studied.The results show that the density decreases,the resistivity basically unchanges,but the hardness and the bending strength increase with the addition of the carbon fiber.Copper-coated carbon fiber can effectively reduce the friction coefficient and wear rate of the composites.When the content of carbon fiber is 1.5 wt%,the wear rate of composite material is the lowest.The adhesive wear of composite can be effectively reduced after adding carbon fiber which has excellent mechanical properties that enhance the bearing capacity of composites.More importantly,copper layers coated on carbon fiber and graphite favor the good interfacial combination between fillers and copper matrix,showing beneficial effect for the stresses transferring from copper to fillers.
A layer of copper was evenly plated on the surface of graphite and carbon fiber by the method of electroless plating using natural graphite,short carbon fiber and electrolytic copper powder as raw materials,and Cu/C composite material was prepared by spark plasma sintering(SPS) process.The effect of carbon fiber content on its physical properties such as resistivity,density,hardness and bending strength were studied.The friction and wear property was investigated with the HT-1000 high-temperature tribometer,and the worn surface morphology was analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy.Effect of different content of carbon fiber on friction and wear property of composites was studied.The results show that the density decreases,the resistivity basically unchanges,but the hardness and the bending strength increase with the addition of the carbon fiber.Copper-coated carbon fiber can effectively reduce the friction coefficient and wear rate of the composites.When the content of carbon fiber is 1.5 wt%,the wear rate of composite material is the lowest.The adhesive wear of composite can be effectively reduced after adding carbon fiber which has excellent mechanical properties that enhance the bearing capacity of composites.More importantly,copper layers coated on carbon fiber and graphite favor the good interfacial combination between fillers and copper matrix,showing beneficial effect for the stresses transferring from copper to fillers.
引文
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[4]周永欣,徐飞,吕振林,等.SiC和石墨颗粒混杂增强铜基复合材料的摩擦磨损性能[J].机械工程复合材料,2015,39(2):90-97.Zhou Yongxin,Xu Fei,LüZhenlin,et al.Friction and wear properties of Cu matrix composites hybrid reinforced with Si C and graphite particles[J].Materials for Mechanical Engineering,2015,39(2):90-97.
[5]Chen B,Bi Q,Yang J,et al.Tribological properties of solid lubricants(graphite,h-BN)for Cu-based P/M friction composites[J].Tribology International,2008,41(12):1145-1152.
[6]Xia L,Jia B,Zeng J,et al.Wear and mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced copper alloy composites[J].Materials Characterization,2009,60(5):363-369.
[7]Moustafa S F,Rashad W M,El-Shereafy E E.Cu-matrix composites produced with either coated or uncoated reinforcement powders[J].Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly,2013,40(4):533-537.
[8]季根顺,张育铭,薛向军,等.碳纤维表面镀铜SEM表征及XPS分析[J].金属热处理,2017,42(4):163-166.Ji Genshun,Zhang Yuming,Xue Xiangjun,et al.SEMcharacterization and XPS analysis of copper layers on carbon fiber[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2017,42(4):163-166.
[9]Zeng J,Xu J,Wei H,et al.Wear performance of the lead free tin bronze matrix composite reinforced by short carbon fibers[J].Applied Surface Science,2009,255(13):6647-6651.
[10]Chen B,Wang J,Yan F.Comparative investigation on the tribological behaviors of CF/PEEK composites under sea water lubrication[J].Tribology International,2012,52(3):170-177.
[11]黎欣欣,李爽,吴晓春,等.一种新型热冲压模具钢的高温摩擦磨损性能[J].金属热处理,2016,41(2):43-48.Li Xinxin,Li Shuang,Wu Xiaochun,et al.Friction and wear behavior of a new type of hot stamping die steel at elevated temperature[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2016,41(2):43-48.
[12]杨磊,韩许,李伟,等.低碳低合金钢表面改性层的形貌与干滑动摩擦磨损性能[J].金属热处理,2018,43(3):104-109.Yang Lei,Han Xu,Li Wei,et al.Morphology and dry sliding friction and wear properties of surface modified layer of low carbon low alloy steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2018,43(3):104-109.