奶牛蹄叶炎研究进展
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摘要
奶牛蹄叶炎是奶牛养殖业的常见疾病之一,其发病机理至今尚不明确。目前通常认为其发生是多因素造成的,如瘤胃酸中毒、内毒素及组胺含量增加、过食精料、分娩期前后、地面无垫料等因素都可能引发该病。该病主要造成蹄真皮血管紊乱、蹄悬吊器官中的连接组织松弛以及表皮细胞异常分化。根据临床表现可分为急性、亚急性和慢性蹄叶炎,诊断方法主要根据跛行、蹄部敏感、腹泻等临床症状而确诊。定期修蹄、降低高能饲料的比例能够降低发病率,对于患病动物可进行非甾体抗炎药物治疗。论文对奶牛蹄叶炎的病因、发病机理、诊断和防控进行了综述,以期为该病的进一步研究提供参考。
Dairy cow laminitis is one of the most common diseases in dairy industry.However the causal agents and the pathophysiological mechanisms of dairy cow laminitis remain unclear.It has been known to be caused by multifactorial predisposing factors,such as ruminal acidosis,endotoxin and histamine level increased,high concentrate diet overload,partum,flooring condition.Laminitis mainly impact the dermal vascular system,connective tissue system in suspensory apparatus and differentiating epidermal cells.According to the clinical manifestations,it can be divided into acute,subacute and chronic laminitis.The diagnosis of laminitis is mainly based on its symptoms,such as lameness,foot sensitivity,diarrhoea.Periodic claw trimming and reducing the proportion of high concentrate diet can decrease its incidence.In this article,based on the recent relevant studies,updates on the etiology,pathogenesis,diagnosis,prevention and treatment of the disease were summarized in order to provide help for the further research.
Dairy cow laminitis is one of the most common diseases in dairy industry.However the causal agents and the pathophysiological mechanisms of dairy cow laminitis remain unclear.It has been known to be caused by multifactorial predisposing factors,such as ruminal acidosis,endotoxin and histamine level increased,high concentrate diet overload,partum,flooring condition.Laminitis mainly impact the dermal vascular system,connective tissue system in suspensory apparatus and differentiating epidermal cells.According to the clinical manifestations,it can be divided into acute,subacute and chronic laminitis.The diagnosis of laminitis is mainly based on its symptoms,such as lameness,foot sensitivity,diarrhoea.Periodic claw trimming and reducing the proportion of high concentrate diet can decrease its incidence.In this article,based on the recent relevant studies,updates on the etiology,pathogenesis,diagnosis,prevention and treatment of the disease were summarized in order to provide help for the further research.
引文
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[2]Seesupa S,Kanistanon K,Pilachai R,et al.Prevalence of subclinical laminitis and its effects on reproductive performance in lactating cows in Thailand[J].Thai J Vet Med,2016,46(1):109-117.
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[14]Pilachai R,Schonewille J,Thamrongyoswittayakul C,et al.Diet factors and subclinical laminitis score in lactating cows of smallholder dairy farms in Thailand[J].Livest Sci,2013,155(2-3):197-204.
[15]李楠,安锡忠,秦建华,等.保定地区奶牛蹄叶炎与体内矿物元素的关系研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2015(24):113-115.
[16]Barbosa A A,Luz G B,Rabassa V R,et al.Concentration of minerals in the hoof horny capsule of healthy and lame dairy cows[J].Semin Cienc Agrar,2016,37(3):1423-1429.
[17]Shearer J K,Van Amstel S R.Pathogenesis and treatment of sole ulcers and white line disease[J].Vet Clin N Am Food Anim Pract,2017,33(2):283-300.
[18]Huxley J N.Lameness in cattle:an ongoing concern[J].Vet J,2012,193(3):610-611.
[19]Bergsten C,Frank B.Sole haemorrhages in tied primiparous cows as an indicator of periparturient laminitis:effects of diet,flooring and season[J].Acta Vet Scand,1996,37(4):383-394.
[20]Kremer P V,Nueske S,Scholz A M,et al.Comparison of claw health and milk yield in dairy cows on elastic or concrete flooring[J].J Dairy Sci,2007,90(10):4603-4611.
[21]Moser E A,Divers T J.Laminitis and decreased milk production in first-lactation cows improperly fed a dairy ration[J].JAm Vet Med Assoc,1987,190(12):1575-1576.
[22]Bradley H,Shannon D,Neilson D.Subclinical laminitis in dairy heifers[J].Vet Rec,1989,125(8):177-179.
[23]Andersson L,Lundstrom K.The influence of breed,age,body weight and season on digital diseases and hoof size in dairy cows[J].Zentralblatt fur Veterinarmedizin Reihe A,1981,28(2):141-151.
[24]Zizzadoro C,Caruso M,Punzi S,et al.A comparative study between responses of isolated bovine and equine digital arteries to vasoactive mediators[J].J Vet Pharmacol Ther,2018,41(1):51-59.
[25]Hinterhofer C,Apprich V,Ferguson J C,et al.Modulus of elasticity and dry-matter content of bovine claw horn affected by the changes of chronic laminitis[J].Vet J,2007,174(3):605-609.
[26]李楠,郭琦,秦建华,等.保定地区蹄叶炎奶牛血常规和生化指标的变化[J].畜牧与兽医,2016,48(8):96-98.
[27]董书伟.奶牛蹄叶炎的血液学和蛋白质组学研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2016.
[28]Thomas H J,Miguel-Pacheco G G,Bollard N J,et al.Evaluation of treatments for claw horn lesions in dairy cows in a randomized controlled trial[J].J Dairy Sci,2015,98(7):4477-4486.
[2]Seesupa S,Kanistanon K,Pilachai R,et al.Prevalence of subclinical laminitis and its effects on reproductive performance in lactating cows in Thailand[J].Thai J Vet Med,2016,46(1):109-117.
[3]Sagliyan A,Gunay C,Han M C.Prevalence of lesions associated with subclinical laminitis in dairy cattle[J].Isr J Vet Med,2010,65(1):27-33.
[4]邵军,林为民,孙新文,等.石河子地区奶牛肢蹄病类型和发病情况调查分析[J].中国奶牛,2017(1):30-33.
[5]Danscher A M,Enemark J M,Telezhenko E,et al.Oligofructose overload induces lameness in cattle[J].J Dairy Sci,2009,92(2):607-616.
[6]Danscher A M,Toelboell T H,Wattle O.Biomechanics and histology of bovine claw suspensory tissue in early acute laminitis[J].J Dairy Sci,2010,93(1):53-62.
[7]Mainardi S R,Hengst B A,Nebzydoski S J,et al.Effects of abomasal oligofructose on blood and feces of holstein steers[J].J Anim Sci,2011,89(8):2510-2517.
[8]Seesupa S,Wachirapakorn C,Aiumlamai S.Effects of induced subacute ruminal acidosis and laminitis on lipopolysaccharide binding protein,cortisol and progesterone levels in dairy heifers[J].Thai J Vet Med,2017,47(4):501-511.
[9]Abaker J A,Xu T L,Jin D.Lipopolysaccharide derived from the digestive tract provokes oxidative stress in the liver of dairy cows fed a high-grain diet[J].J Dairy Sci,2017,100(1):666-678.
[10]Greenough P R,Bergsten,C,Brizzi A,et al.Bovine laminitis and lameness-A hands on approach[M].Saunders Elsevier,Philadelphia,PA.2007:37-52.
[11]Alarcón P,Conejeros I,Carretta M D,et al.D-Lactic acid interferes with the effects of platelet activating factor on bovine neutrophils[J].Vet Immunol Immunopathol,2011,144(1-2):68-78.
[12]Singh S S,Murray R D,Ward W R.Gross and histopathological study of endotoxin-induced hoof lesions in cattle[J].JComp Pathol,1994,110(2):103-115.
[13]齐长明,王清兰,钟友刚,等.二磷酸组织胺诱发奶牛蹄叶炎病变的病理学研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2000(3):241-248.
[14]Pilachai R,Schonewille J,Thamrongyoswittayakul C,et al.Diet factors and subclinical laminitis score in lactating cows of smallholder dairy farms in Thailand[J].Livest Sci,2013,155(2-3):197-204.
[15]李楠,安锡忠,秦建华,等.保定地区奶牛蹄叶炎与体内矿物元素的关系研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2015(24):113-115.
[16]Barbosa A A,Luz G B,Rabassa V R,et al.Concentration of minerals in the hoof horny capsule of healthy and lame dairy cows[J].Semin Cienc Agrar,2016,37(3):1423-1429.
[17]Shearer J K,Van Amstel S R.Pathogenesis and treatment of sole ulcers and white line disease[J].Vet Clin N Am Food Anim Pract,2017,33(2):283-300.
[18]Huxley J N.Lameness in cattle:an ongoing concern[J].Vet J,2012,193(3):610-611.
[19]Bergsten C,Frank B.Sole haemorrhages in tied primiparous cows as an indicator of periparturient laminitis:effects of diet,flooring and season[J].Acta Vet Scand,1996,37(4):383-394.
[20]Kremer P V,Nueske S,Scholz A M,et al.Comparison of claw health and milk yield in dairy cows on elastic or concrete flooring[J].J Dairy Sci,2007,90(10):4603-4611.
[21]Moser E A,Divers T J.Laminitis and decreased milk production in first-lactation cows improperly fed a dairy ration[J].JAm Vet Med Assoc,1987,190(12):1575-1576.
[22]Bradley H,Shannon D,Neilson D.Subclinical laminitis in dairy heifers[J].Vet Rec,1989,125(8):177-179.
[23]Andersson L,Lundstrom K.The influence of breed,age,body weight and season on digital diseases and hoof size in dairy cows[J].Zentralblatt fur Veterinarmedizin Reihe A,1981,28(2):141-151.
[24]Zizzadoro C,Caruso M,Punzi S,et al.A comparative study between responses of isolated bovine and equine digital arteries to vasoactive mediators[J].J Vet Pharmacol Ther,2018,41(1):51-59.
[25]Hinterhofer C,Apprich V,Ferguson J C,et al.Modulus of elasticity and dry-matter content of bovine claw horn affected by the changes of chronic laminitis[J].Vet J,2007,174(3):605-609.
[26]李楠,郭琦,秦建华,等.保定地区蹄叶炎奶牛血常规和生化指标的变化[J].畜牧与兽医,2016,48(8):96-98.
[27]董书伟.奶牛蹄叶炎的血液学和蛋白质组学研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2016.
[28]Thomas H J,Miguel-Pacheco G G,Bollard N J,et al.Evaluation of treatments for claw horn lesions in dairy cows in a randomized controlled trial[J].J Dairy Sci,2015,98(7):4477-4486.