Path of Building a Global City in Shanghai Based on the “Space of Flows” Theory
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摘要
The "Shanghai Master Plan(2017—2035)" clearly states that building a global city with excellence has become the direction of its efforts in recent decades which requires Shanghai to become an important "global node" in the global city network structure like New York and London. Based on the "space of flow" theory, this paper uses the interlocking network model of Globalization and World Cities(GaWC) to calculate connective index of 48 cities whose level is "alpha" and above in GaWC's researches. There are still many gaps between Shanghai and other top global cities such as New York, London and Tokyo. Through the calculation of Theil Entropy, the importance ranking of the factors affecting Shanghai's status in the global city network is obtained. The results show that the proportion of foreign population, the number of sister cities, the number of headquarters of multinational corporations and the proportion of GDP in the whole country significantly affect Shanghai's status in the global city network.
The "Shanghai Master Plan(2017—2035)" clearly states that building a global city with excellence has become the direction of its efforts in recent decades which requires Shanghai to become an important "global node" in the global city network structure like New York and London. Based on the "space of flow" theory, this paper uses the interlocking network model of Globalization and World Cities(GaWC) to calculate connective index of 48 cities whose level is "alpha" and above in GaWC's researches. There are still many gaps between Shanghai and other top global cities such as New York, London and Tokyo. Through the calculation of Theil Entropy, the importance ranking of the factors affecting Shanghai's status in the global city network is obtained. The results show that the proportion of foreign population, the number of sister cities, the number of headquarters of multinational corporations and the proportion of GDP in the whole country significantly affect Shanghai's status in the global city network.
The "Shanghai Master Plan(2017—2035)" clearly states that building a global city with excellence has become the direction of its efforts in recent decades which requires Shanghai to become an important "global node" in the global city network structure like New York and London. Based on the "space of flow" theory, this paper uses the interlocking network model of Globalization and World Cities(GaWC) to calculate connective index of 48 cities whose level is "alpha" and above in GaWC's researches. There are still many gaps between Shanghai and other top global cities such as New York, London and Tokyo. Through the calculation of Theil Entropy, the importance ranking of the factors affecting Shanghai's status in the global city network is obtained. The results show that the proportion of foreign population, the number of sister cities, the number of headquarters of multinational corporations and the proportion of GDP in the whole country significantly affect Shanghai's status in the global city network.
引文
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[13] SHI G Y. The establishment and characteristics of the status of global cities in NewYork[D]. Jilin: Northeast Normal University,2013 (in Chinese).
[14] YU D F. Shanghai deepens structural reform of supply side and industrial structure and industrial organizationinnovation[J]. Scientific Development, 2018(8):17-25. (in Chinese)
[2] HALL P. The worldcities[M]. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1984.
[3] HYMERS. Sociology of “developing societies” [M]. London: Macmillan Press Ltd., 1982: 128-152.
[4] FRIEDMANN J. The world city hypothesis[J]. Development and Change, 1986, 17(1):69-83.
[5] SASSEN S. The global city: New York, London, Tokyo [M]. 2nd Edition. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991.
[6] CHRISANTHI M. The informational city: information technology, economic restructuring and the urban-retional process[J]. European Journal of Information Systems, 1991, 1(1):76-77.
[7] TALOR P J. Hierarchical tendencies amongst world cities: a global researchproposal[J]. Cities, 1997, 14(6):323-332.
[8] LIU J H, JIA G Q. How far is Shanghai from the global cities?—a comparative analysis based on the energy levels of city networks[J]. City Studies, 2014, 21(11):30-38.(in Chinese)
[9] The Globalization and World Cities. The World According to GaWC 2016[EB/OL].http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2016t.html
[10] CAO Z J, MA X L. Measurement and decomposition of generalized entropy index of regional income gap—taking Gansu province as an example[J]. Decision Reference, 2008(9):59-61(in Chinese)
[11] Shanghai Foreign Affairs Office. Shanghai international friendship city and the overall situation of friendly exchanges and cities [EB/OL]. [2019-02-28] http://www.shfao.gov.cn/wsb/node466/node467/node474/index.html#.
[12] TANG W. City diplomacy of mega cities in developing countries——fundamental motive force, theoretical premise and operationmode[J]. International Observation, 2017(1):84-96. (in Chinese).
[13] SHI G Y. The establishment and characteristics of the status of global cities in NewYork[D]. Jilin: Northeast Normal University,2013 (in Chinese).
[14] YU D F. Shanghai deepens structural reform of supply side and industrial structure and industrial organizationinnovation[J]. Scientific Development, 2018(8):17-25. (in Chinese)