牛樟芝化学成分及药理作用研究进展
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摘要
牛樟芝为台湾特产的名贵食药两用真菌,一直被誉为"森林中之红宝石",随着人们对牛樟芝研究的不断深入,其抗肿瘤、护肝等诸多神奇功效被发现。笔者对牛樟芝化学成分、药理作用等方面的研究成果进行综述,并建议后续应重点阐明牛樟芝的药效物质基础,建立其质量控制标准,为进一步开发利用牛樟芝提供了参考。
Antrodia camphorata,a valuable edible and medicinal fugus of Taiwan is known as a ruby in the forest. With the further study of A.camphorata,its anti-tumor,liver protection and many other magical effects have been discovered. Research results in chemical constituents and pharmacological action of A. camphorata were reviewed,it suggested that effective substance of A. camphorata should be mainly illustrated in the futher,quality control standard should be established to provide reference for further development and utilization of A. camphorata.
Antrodia camphorata,a valuable edible and medicinal fugus of Taiwan is known as a ruby in the forest. With the further study of A.camphorata,its anti-tumor,liver protection and many other magical effects have been discovered. Research results in chemical constituents and pharmacological action of A. camphorata were reviewed,it suggested that effective substance of A. camphorata should be mainly illustrated in the futher,quality control standard should be established to provide reference for further development and utilization of A. camphorata.
引文
[1]王丽平,陆小路,赵宗杰.中药牛樟芝研究进展[J].今日药学,2017,27(2):140-144.
[2]朱会霞,孙金旭,王灿.樟芝多糖流变特性研究[J].食品研究与开发,2011,32(1):10-13.
[3]郭丹钊,郑威,马海乐,等.超声波辅助提取樟芝菌丝体活性物质的工艺研究[J].食品与机械,2016,32(1):158-167,178.
[4]YANG C M,ZHOU Y J,WANG R J,et al.Anti-angiogenic effects and mechanisms of polysaccharides from Antrodia cinnamomea with different molecular weights[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2009,123(3):407-412.
[5]CHENG J J,HUANG N K,LUR H S,et al.Characterization and biological functions of sulfated polysaccharides from sulfated-salt treatment of Antrodia cinnamomea[J].Process Biochem,2009,44(4):453-459.
[6]FA K N,YANG C M,CHEN P C,et al.Anti-metastatic effects of antrodan,the Antrodia cinnamomeamycelia glycoprotein,in lung carcinoma cells[J].Int J Biol Macromol,2015,74:476-482.
[7]CHIU C H,PENG C C,KER Y B,et al.Physicochemical characteristics and anti-inflammatory activities of antrodan,a novel glycoprotein isolated from Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia[J].Molecules,2014,19(1):22-40.
[8]蔡为明,金群力,蔡青松,等.牛樟芝人工培养及活性成分与药理作用的研究进展[J].食药用菌,2015,23(1):17-23.
[9]张奉苏,陈菲,傅兴圣,等.高效毛细管电泳法同时测定牛樟芝中5种核苷类成分的含量[J].中国药学杂志,2013,48(12):1018-1021.
[10]程利娟,郭琪,雷虹,等.高效液相色谱法测定牛樟芝中腺苷的含量[J].解放军医药杂志,2014,26(5):76-78,85.
[11]YANG S S,WANG G J,WANG S Y,et al.New constituents withi NOS inhibitory activity from mycelium of Antrodia camphorate[J].Planta Med,2009,75(5):512-516.
[12]WANG S C,LI Z H,HSU C H,et al.Antroquinonol D,isolated from Antrodia camphorata,with DNA demethylation and anticancer potential[J].J Agric Food Chem,2014,62(24):5625-5635.
[13]YEN I C,YAO C W,KUO M T,et al.Anti-cancer agents derived from solid-state fermented Antrodia camphorata mycelium[J]. Fitoterapia,2015,102:115-119.
[14] WU M D,CHENG M J,WANG B C,et al.Maleimide and maleic anhydride derivatives from the mycelia of Antrodia cinnamomea and their nitric oxide inhibitory activities in macrophages[J].J Nat Prod,2008,71(7):1258-1261.
[15]张远腾,李晓波.牛樟芝化学成分及其药理作用研究进展[J].中草药,2016,47(6):1034-1042.
[16]LUZM,TAO W Y,XU H Y,et al.Analysis of volatile compounds of Antrodia camphorate in submerged culture using headspace solid-phase microextraction[J].Food Chem,2011,127(2):662-668.
[17]LIN Y W,PAN J H,LIU R H,et al.The 4-acetylantroquinonol B isolated from mycelium of Antrodia cinnamomea inhibits proliferation of hepatoma cells[J].J Sci Food Agric,2010,90(10):1739-1744.
[18]LIN Y W,CHIANG B H.4-Acetylantroquinonol B isolated from Antrodia cinnamomea arrests proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep G2 cell by affecting p53,p21 and p27 levels[J].J Agric Food Chem,2011,59(16):8625-8631.
[19]DU Y C,WU T Y,CHANG F R,et al.Chemical profiling of the cytotoxic triterpenoid-concentrating fraction and characterization of ergostane stereo-isomer ingredients from Antrodia camphorata[J].J Pharm Biomed Anal,2012,58:182-192.
[20]CHEN Y J,CHOU C J,CHANG T T.Compound MMH01 possesses toxicity against human leukemia and pancreatic cancer cells[J].Toxicol in Vitro,2009,23(3):418-424.
[21]CHEN M J,CHOU C J,CHANG T T,et al.Compound MMH02 possesses toxicity against human cancer cells with sparing of normal monocytes[J].Int J Gerontol,2010,4(4):207-208.
[22]LIEN H M,CHIU C H,CHEN C C,et al.Comparison of the apoptotic effects of supercritical fluid extracts of Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia on hepatocellular carcinoma cells[J].Molecules,2014,19(7):9033-9050.
[23]CHEN Y S,PAN J H,CHIANG B H,et al.Ethanolic extracts of Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia fermented at varied times and scales have differential effects on hepatoma cells and normal primary hepatocytes[J].J Food Sci,2008,73(7):179-185.
[24]CHANG C W,CHEN Y S,CHEN C C,et al.Lyophilized particles and ethanolic extracts of Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia suppress the tumorigenicity of head and neck cancer cells in vivo[J].Biol Med,2014,4(4):37-41.
[25]CHANG C W,CHEN C C,WU M J,et al.Active component of Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia targeting head and neck cancer initiating cells through exaggerated autophagic cell death[J]. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2013,2013:1-15.
[26]CHEN Y J,THANG M W C,CHAN Y T,et al.Global assessment of Antrodia cinnamomea-induced microRNA alterations in hepatocarcinoma cells[J].PLoS One,2013,8(12):1-13.
[27]KUMAR K J S,VANI M G,CHUEH P J,et al.Antrodin C inhibits epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis of breast cancer cells via suppression of Smad2/3 andβ-catenin signaling pathways[J]. PLoS One,2015,10(2):1-19.
[28]FA K N,YANG C M,CHEN P C,et al.Anti-metastatic effects of antrodan,the Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia glycoprotein,in lung carcinoma cells[J].Int J Biol Macromol,2015,74:476-482.
[29]YANG C M,ZHOU Y J,WANG R J,et al.Anti-angiogenic effects and mechanisms of polysaccharides from Antrodia cinnamomea with different molecular weights[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2009,123(3):407-412.
[30]CHENG J J,HUANG N K,LUR H S,et al.Characterization and biological functions of sulfated polysaccharides from sulfated-salt treatment of Antrodia cinnamomea[J].Process Biochem,2009,44(4):453-459.
[31]SHEU M T,JHAN H J,HSIEH C M,et al.Efficacy of antioxidants as a complementary and alternative medicine(CAM)in combination with the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin[J].Integr Cancer Ther,2015,14(2):184-195.
[32]WEN C L,TENG C L,CHIANG C H,et al.Methanol extract of Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia induces phenotypic and functional differentiation of HL60 into monocyte-like cells via an ERK/CEBP-βsignaling pathway[J].Phytomedicine,2012,19(5):424-435.
[33]CHENG P C,HUANG C C,CHIANG P F,et al.Radio protective effects of Antrodia cinnamomea are enhanced on immune cells and inhibited on cancer cells[J].Int J Radia Biol,2014,90(10):841-852.
[34]YUE P Y K,WONG Y Y,WONG K Y K,et al.Current evidence for the hepatoprotective activities of the medicinal mushroom Antrodia cinnamomea[J].Chin Med,2013,8(1):21-27.
[35] CHEN Y R,CHANG K T,TSAI M J,et al.Antrodia cinnamomea profoundly exalted the reversion of activated hepatic stellate cells by the alteration of cellular proteins[J].Food Chem Toxicol,2014,69:150-162.
[36]HO Y C,LIN M T,DUAN K J,et al.The hepatoprotective activity against ethanol-induced cytotoxicity by aqueous extract of Antrodia cinnamomea[J].J Chin Institute Chem Eng,2008,39(5):441-447.
[37]WANG H C,CHU F H,CHIEN S C,et al.Establishment of the metabolite profile for an Antrodia cinnamomea health food product and investigation of its chemoprevention activity[J].J Agric Food Chem,2013,61(36):8556
[38]KER Y B,PENG C C,CHANG W L,et al.Hepatoprotective bioactivity of the glycoprotein,antrodan,isolated from Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia[J].PLoS One,2014,9(4):e93191.
[39]PHUONG D T,MA Z X,HATTORI M,et al.Inhibitory effects of antrodins A-E from Antrodia cinnamomea and their metabolites on hepatitis C virus protease[J].Chem Biodivers,2009,23(4):582-584.
[40]CHIU C H,PENG C C,KER Y B,et al.Physicochemical characteristics and anti-inflammatory activities of antrodan,a novel glycoprotein isolated from Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia[J].Molecules,2014,19(1):22-40.
[41]WU M D,CHENG M J,YECH Y J,et al.Inhibitory effects of maleimide derivatives from the mycelia of the fungus Antrodia cinnamomea BCRC36799 on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-activated RAW264.7 macrophages[J].Chem Biodivers,2013,10(3):434-441.
[42] WU M D,CHENG M J,WANG B C,et al.Maleimide and maleic anhydride derivatives from the mycelia of Antrodia cinnamomea and their nitric oxide inhibitory activities in macrophages[J].J Nat Prod,2008,71(7):1258-1261.
[43]WEN C L,CHANG C C,HUANG S S,et al.Anti-inflammatory effects of methanol extract of Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia both in vitro and in vivo[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2011,137(1):575-584.
[44]HUANG T T,WU S P,CHONG K Y,et al.The medicinal fungus Antrodia cinnamomea suppresses inflammation by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2014,155(1):154-164.
[45]YU Y L,CHEN I H,SHEN K Y,et al.A triterpenoid methyl antcinate K isolated from Antrodia cinnamomea promotes dendritic cell activation and Th2 differentiation[J].Eur J Immunol,2009,39(9):2482-2491.
[46]LIN E N S,YANG C T,CHOU H J U,et al.Screening of antioxidant activities by the edible basidiomycete Antrodia cinnamomea strains in submerged culture[J].J Food Biochem,2010,34(6):1141-1156.
[47]GOKILA VANI M,KUMAR K J,LIAO J W,et al.Antcin C from Antrodia cinnamomea protects liver cells against free radical-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo through Nrf2-dependent mechanism[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2013,2013:1-17.
[48]WU M D,CHENG M J,WANG W Y,et al.Antioxidant activities of extracts and metabolites isolated from the fungus Antrodia cinnamomea[J].Nat Prod Res,2011,25(16):1488-1496.
[49]KUO J T,LIN E N,YANG C T.Effect of cultivating conditions on the superoxide and free radical-scavenging activities of Antrodia cinnamomea[J].J Food Biochem,2011,35(5):1493-1500.
[50]LU M K,CHENG J J,LAI W L,et al.Fermented Antrodia cinnamomea extract protects rat PC12 cells from serum deprivation-induced apoptosis:The role of the MAPK family[J].J Agric Food Chem,2008,56(3):865-874.
[51]CHANG C H,WANG H E,LIAW P Y,et al.Antrodia cinnamomea exhibits a potent neuroprotective effect in the PC12 cell-Aβ25-35 modelpharmacologically through adenosine receptors and mitochondrial pathway[J].Planta Med,2012,78(17):1813-1823.
[52]LAI M N,KO H J,NG L T.Hypolipidemic effects of Antrodia cinnamomea extracts in high-fat diet-fed hamsters[J].Food Biochem,2012,36(2):233-239.
[53]SHEU M J,TENG Y N,CHEN Y Y,et al.The functional influences of common ABCB1 genetic variants on the inhibition of P-glycoprotein by Antrodia cinnamomea extracts[J].PLoS One,2014,2(9):1-11.
[54]卢叶枫,陈冠敏,钟礼云,等.牛樟芝醇溶性提取物安全性评价[J].毒理学杂志,2015,29(5):388-390.
[55]吴铭芳.国鼎樟芝安全性实验报告[R].台大医学院实验动物中心研发组,2008.
[56]徐蔚,王瑾,王宫.牛樟芝胶囊的毒性实验研究[J].海峡药学,2011,23(5):41-43.
[2]朱会霞,孙金旭,王灿.樟芝多糖流变特性研究[J].食品研究与开发,2011,32(1):10-13.
[3]郭丹钊,郑威,马海乐,等.超声波辅助提取樟芝菌丝体活性物质的工艺研究[J].食品与机械,2016,32(1):158-167,178.
[4]YANG C M,ZHOU Y J,WANG R J,et al.Anti-angiogenic effects and mechanisms of polysaccharides from Antrodia cinnamomea with different molecular weights[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2009,123(3):407-412.
[5]CHENG J J,HUANG N K,LUR H S,et al.Characterization and biological functions of sulfated polysaccharides from sulfated-salt treatment of Antrodia cinnamomea[J].Process Biochem,2009,44(4):453-459.
[6]FA K N,YANG C M,CHEN P C,et al.Anti-metastatic effects of antrodan,the Antrodia cinnamomeamycelia glycoprotein,in lung carcinoma cells[J].Int J Biol Macromol,2015,74:476-482.
[7]CHIU C H,PENG C C,KER Y B,et al.Physicochemical characteristics and anti-inflammatory activities of antrodan,a novel glycoprotein isolated from Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia[J].Molecules,2014,19(1):22-40.
[8]蔡为明,金群力,蔡青松,等.牛樟芝人工培养及活性成分与药理作用的研究进展[J].食药用菌,2015,23(1):17-23.
[9]张奉苏,陈菲,傅兴圣,等.高效毛细管电泳法同时测定牛樟芝中5种核苷类成分的含量[J].中国药学杂志,2013,48(12):1018-1021.
[10]程利娟,郭琪,雷虹,等.高效液相色谱法测定牛樟芝中腺苷的含量[J].解放军医药杂志,2014,26(5):76-78,85.
[11]YANG S S,WANG G J,WANG S Y,et al.New constituents withi NOS inhibitory activity from mycelium of Antrodia camphorate[J].Planta Med,2009,75(5):512-516.
[12]WANG S C,LI Z H,HSU C H,et al.Antroquinonol D,isolated from Antrodia camphorata,with DNA demethylation and anticancer potential[J].J Agric Food Chem,2014,62(24):5625-5635.
[13]YEN I C,YAO C W,KUO M T,et al.Anti-cancer agents derived from solid-state fermented Antrodia camphorata mycelium[J]. Fitoterapia,2015,102:115-119.
[14] WU M D,CHENG M J,WANG B C,et al.Maleimide and maleic anhydride derivatives from the mycelia of Antrodia cinnamomea and their nitric oxide inhibitory activities in macrophages[J].J Nat Prod,2008,71(7):1258-1261.
[15]张远腾,李晓波.牛樟芝化学成分及其药理作用研究进展[J].中草药,2016,47(6):1034-1042.
[16]LUZM,TAO W Y,XU H Y,et al.Analysis of volatile compounds of Antrodia camphorate in submerged culture using headspace solid-phase microextraction[J].Food Chem,2011,127(2):662-668.
[17]LIN Y W,PAN J H,LIU R H,et al.The 4-acetylantroquinonol B isolated from mycelium of Antrodia cinnamomea inhibits proliferation of hepatoma cells[J].J Sci Food Agric,2010,90(10):1739-1744.
[18]LIN Y W,CHIANG B H.4-Acetylantroquinonol B isolated from Antrodia cinnamomea arrests proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep G2 cell by affecting p53,p21 and p27 levels[J].J Agric Food Chem,2011,59(16):8625-8631.
[19]DU Y C,WU T Y,CHANG F R,et al.Chemical profiling of the cytotoxic triterpenoid-concentrating fraction and characterization of ergostane stereo-isomer ingredients from Antrodia camphorata[J].J Pharm Biomed Anal,2012,58:182-192.
[20]CHEN Y J,CHOU C J,CHANG T T.Compound MMH01 possesses toxicity against human leukemia and pancreatic cancer cells[J].Toxicol in Vitro,2009,23(3):418-424.
[21]CHEN M J,CHOU C J,CHANG T T,et al.Compound MMH02 possesses toxicity against human cancer cells with sparing of normal monocytes[J].Int J Gerontol,2010,4(4):207-208.
[22]LIEN H M,CHIU C H,CHEN C C,et al.Comparison of the apoptotic effects of supercritical fluid extracts of Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia on hepatocellular carcinoma cells[J].Molecules,2014,19(7):9033-9050.
[23]CHEN Y S,PAN J H,CHIANG B H,et al.Ethanolic extracts of Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia fermented at varied times and scales have differential effects on hepatoma cells and normal primary hepatocytes[J].J Food Sci,2008,73(7):179-185.
[24]CHANG C W,CHEN Y S,CHEN C C,et al.Lyophilized particles and ethanolic extracts of Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia suppress the tumorigenicity of head and neck cancer cells in vivo[J].Biol Med,2014,4(4):37-41.
[25]CHANG C W,CHEN C C,WU M J,et al.Active component of Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia targeting head and neck cancer initiating cells through exaggerated autophagic cell death[J]. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2013,2013:1-15.
[26]CHEN Y J,THANG M W C,CHAN Y T,et al.Global assessment of Antrodia cinnamomea-induced microRNA alterations in hepatocarcinoma cells[J].PLoS One,2013,8(12):1-13.
[27]KUMAR K J S,VANI M G,CHUEH P J,et al.Antrodin C inhibits epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis of breast cancer cells via suppression of Smad2/3 andβ-catenin signaling pathways[J]. PLoS One,2015,10(2):1-19.
[28]FA K N,YANG C M,CHEN P C,et al.Anti-metastatic effects of antrodan,the Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia glycoprotein,in lung carcinoma cells[J].Int J Biol Macromol,2015,74:476-482.
[29]YANG C M,ZHOU Y J,WANG R J,et al.Anti-angiogenic effects and mechanisms of polysaccharides from Antrodia cinnamomea with different molecular weights[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2009,123(3):407-412.
[30]CHENG J J,HUANG N K,LUR H S,et al.Characterization and biological functions of sulfated polysaccharides from sulfated-salt treatment of Antrodia cinnamomea[J].Process Biochem,2009,44(4):453-459.
[31]SHEU M T,JHAN H J,HSIEH C M,et al.Efficacy of antioxidants as a complementary and alternative medicine(CAM)in combination with the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin[J].Integr Cancer Ther,2015,14(2):184-195.
[32]WEN C L,TENG C L,CHIANG C H,et al.Methanol extract of Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia induces phenotypic and functional differentiation of HL60 into monocyte-like cells via an ERK/CEBP-βsignaling pathway[J].Phytomedicine,2012,19(5):424-435.
[33]CHENG P C,HUANG C C,CHIANG P F,et al.Radio protective effects of Antrodia cinnamomea are enhanced on immune cells and inhibited on cancer cells[J].Int J Radia Biol,2014,90(10):841-852.
[34]YUE P Y K,WONG Y Y,WONG K Y K,et al.Current evidence for the hepatoprotective activities of the medicinal mushroom Antrodia cinnamomea[J].Chin Med,2013,8(1):21-27.
[35] CHEN Y R,CHANG K T,TSAI M J,et al.Antrodia cinnamomea profoundly exalted the reversion of activated hepatic stellate cells by the alteration of cellular proteins[J].Food Chem Toxicol,2014,69:150-162.
[36]HO Y C,LIN M T,DUAN K J,et al.The hepatoprotective activity against ethanol-induced cytotoxicity by aqueous extract of Antrodia cinnamomea[J].J Chin Institute Chem Eng,2008,39(5):441-447.
[37]WANG H C,CHU F H,CHIEN S C,et al.Establishment of the metabolite profile for an Antrodia cinnamomea health food product and investigation of its chemoprevention activity[J].J Agric Food Chem,2013,61(36):8556
[38]KER Y B,PENG C C,CHANG W L,et al.Hepatoprotective bioactivity of the glycoprotein,antrodan,isolated from Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia[J].PLoS One,2014,9(4):e93191.
[39]PHUONG D T,MA Z X,HATTORI M,et al.Inhibitory effects of antrodins A-E from Antrodia cinnamomea and their metabolites on hepatitis C virus protease[J].Chem Biodivers,2009,23(4):582-584.
[40]CHIU C H,PENG C C,KER Y B,et al.Physicochemical characteristics and anti-inflammatory activities of antrodan,a novel glycoprotein isolated from Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia[J].Molecules,2014,19(1):22-40.
[41]WU M D,CHENG M J,YECH Y J,et al.Inhibitory effects of maleimide derivatives from the mycelia of the fungus Antrodia cinnamomea BCRC36799 on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-activated RAW264.7 macrophages[J].Chem Biodivers,2013,10(3):434-441.
[42] WU M D,CHENG M J,WANG B C,et al.Maleimide and maleic anhydride derivatives from the mycelia of Antrodia cinnamomea and their nitric oxide inhibitory activities in macrophages[J].J Nat Prod,2008,71(7):1258-1261.
[43]WEN C L,CHANG C C,HUANG S S,et al.Anti-inflammatory effects of methanol extract of Antrodia cinnamomea mycelia both in vitro and in vivo[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2011,137(1):575-584.
[44]HUANG T T,WU S P,CHONG K Y,et al.The medicinal fungus Antrodia cinnamomea suppresses inflammation by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2014,155(1):154-164.
[45]YU Y L,CHEN I H,SHEN K Y,et al.A triterpenoid methyl antcinate K isolated from Antrodia cinnamomea promotes dendritic cell activation and Th2 differentiation[J].Eur J Immunol,2009,39(9):2482-2491.
[46]LIN E N S,YANG C T,CHOU H J U,et al.Screening of antioxidant activities by the edible basidiomycete Antrodia cinnamomea strains in submerged culture[J].J Food Biochem,2010,34(6):1141-1156.
[47]GOKILA VANI M,KUMAR K J,LIAO J W,et al.Antcin C from Antrodia cinnamomea protects liver cells against free radical-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo through Nrf2-dependent mechanism[J].Evid Based Complement Alternat Med,2013,2013:1-17.
[48]WU M D,CHENG M J,WANG W Y,et al.Antioxidant activities of extracts and metabolites isolated from the fungus Antrodia cinnamomea[J].Nat Prod Res,2011,25(16):1488-1496.
[49]KUO J T,LIN E N,YANG C T.Effect of cultivating conditions on the superoxide and free radical-scavenging activities of Antrodia cinnamomea[J].J Food Biochem,2011,35(5):1493-1500.
[50]LU M K,CHENG J J,LAI W L,et al.Fermented Antrodia cinnamomea extract protects rat PC12 cells from serum deprivation-induced apoptosis:The role of the MAPK family[J].J Agric Food Chem,2008,56(3):865-874.
[51]CHANG C H,WANG H E,LIAW P Y,et al.Antrodia cinnamomea exhibits a potent neuroprotective effect in the PC12 cell-Aβ25-35 modelpharmacologically through adenosine receptors and mitochondrial pathway[J].Planta Med,2012,78(17):1813-1823.
[52]LAI M N,KO H J,NG L T.Hypolipidemic effects of Antrodia cinnamomea extracts in high-fat diet-fed hamsters[J].Food Biochem,2012,36(2):233-239.
[53]SHEU M J,TENG Y N,CHEN Y Y,et al.The functional influences of common ABCB1 genetic variants on the inhibition of P-glycoprotein by Antrodia cinnamomea extracts[J].PLoS One,2014,2(9):1-11.
[54]卢叶枫,陈冠敏,钟礼云,等.牛樟芝醇溶性提取物安全性评价[J].毒理学杂志,2015,29(5):388-390.
[55]吴铭芳.国鼎樟芝安全性实验报告[R].台大医学院实验动物中心研发组,2008.
[56]徐蔚,王瑾,王宫.牛樟芝胶囊的毒性实验研究[J].海峡药学,2011,23(5):41-43.