内蒙古东部两个有色金属集中开采区土壤重金属污染健康风险评估的对比研究
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摘要
以内蒙古东部相距较近的两个有色金属集中开采区典型矿区或企业及其周边土壤为研究对象,对比分析其中五种重金属(Pb、Hg、Cd、Cr和类金属As)的污染情况,以及由此导致的健康风险。结果显示,Cd和As为研究区主要污染元素,地区一和地区二分别以Cd污染和As污染为主,地区一综合污染水平、Pb和Cd单项污染水平均高于地区二,As单项污染水平则低于地区二;两地区总致癌风险均超出可接受水平,地区一致癌风险水平高于地区二,主要致癌风险因子均为As和Cr,致癌风险贡献顺序:As>Cr;两地区存在非致癌风险,地区一非致癌风险水平高于地区二,主要非致癌风险因子均为As,其次为Cr和Pb,地区一和地区二的非致癌风险贡献顺序分别为:As>Pb>Cr和As>Cr>Pb。
Typical mines and factories and their surrounding soil of two non-ferrous metal mining areas in eastern Inner Mongolia were taken as the research object.Contamination of heavy metals such as Pb,Hg,Cd,Cr and As in soil was compared and health risk of heavy metal contaminated soil was assessed.The results show that Cd and As are the major contaminants in the research region.Cd and As are the primary contaminants respectively in region one and two.Comprehensive contamination level,Pb and Cd contamination level of region one is higher than of region two.As contamination level of region one is less than that of two.Total carcinogenic risk of two regions is beyond the acceptable level.Carcinogenic risk level of region one is higher than that of two.As and Cr are the major carcinogenic risk factors and the order of their carcinogenic risk contribution is As > Cr.Two regions are engaged in non-carcinogenic risk.Non-carcinogenic risk level of region one is higher than two.As is the major non-carcinogenic risk factor and Cr and Pb are the secondary.The orders of their non-carcinogenic risk contribution of region one and two are As > Pb > Cr and As > Cr > Pb respectively.
Typical mines and factories and their surrounding soil of two non-ferrous metal mining areas in eastern Inner Mongolia were taken as the research object.Contamination of heavy metals such as Pb,Hg,Cd,Cr and As in soil was compared and health risk of heavy metal contaminated soil was assessed.The results show that Cd and As are the major contaminants in the research region.Cd and As are the primary contaminants respectively in region one and two.Comprehensive contamination level,Pb and Cd contamination level of region one is higher than of region two.As contamination level of region one is less than that of two.Total carcinogenic risk of two regions is beyond the acceptable level.Carcinogenic risk level of region one is higher than that of two.As and Cr are the major carcinogenic risk factors and the order of their carcinogenic risk contribution is As > Cr.Two regions are engaged in non-carcinogenic risk.Non-carcinogenic risk level of region one is higher than two.As is the major non-carcinogenic risk factor and Cr and Pb are the secondary.The orders of their non-carcinogenic risk contribution of region one and two are As > Pb > Cr and As > Cr > Pb respectively.
引文
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[5]李静,俞天明,周洁,等.铅锌矿区及周边土壤铅、锌、镉、铜的污染健康风险评价[J].环境科学,2008,29(8):2327-2332.
[6]徐友宁,张江华,柯海玲,等.某金矿区农田土壤重金属污染的人体健康风险[J].地质通报,2014,33(8):1239-1252.
[7]常静,刘敏,李先华,等.上海地表灰尘重金属污染的健康风险评价[J].中国环境科学2009,29(5):548-554.
[8]U S OEHHA.OEHHA toxicity criteria database[DB/OL].[2008-10-21]http://www.oehha.ca.gov/risk/Chemical DB/index.asp.
[9]刘发欣.区域土壤及农产品中重金属的人体健康风险评估[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2007.
[10]刘珍.辽宁省铁法矿区土壤重金属污染特征及环境风险评价研究[D].芜湖:安徽师范大学,2011.
[11]黄顺红,杨伊,李倩,等.铅锌矿区土壤重金属空间分布及生态风险评价[J].环境科学与技术,2016,39(2):186-192.
[12]陆泗进,何立环,王业耀.湖南省桂阳县某铅锌矿周边农田土壤重金属污染及生态风险评价[J].环境化学,2015,34(3):591-592.
[13]邹小冷,祖艳群,李元,等.云南某铅锌矿区周边农田土壤Cd、Pb分布特征及风险评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(11):2143-2148.
[14]胡立刚,蔡勇.砷的生物地球化学[J].化学进展,2009,21(2/3):458-466.
[15]张鑫.安徽铜陵矿区重金属元素释放迁移地球化学特征及其环境效应研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2005.