基于贝叶斯线性AVAZ的TTI介质裂缝参数反演
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摘要
裂缝储层岩石物理参数的准确获得对地下裂缝预测具有重要意义,而叠前方位AVA地震反演是获得裂缝岩石物理参数的有效手段.假设地下岩石为倾斜横向各向同性(TTI)介质,本文从裂缝岩石物理等效模型的构建出发,从测井数据中估计出纵横波相对反射系数和裂缝柔度参数.通过推导含裂缝柔度的方位各向异性反射系数公式,基于贝叶斯反演框架建立了P波线性AVAZ反演方法.合成地震数据应用表明基于贝叶斯理论的TTI介质裂缝柔度反演方法具有一定抗噪性,可以降低裂缝柔度估测的不确定性,为地下裂缝预测提供有力的依据.
It is significant to obtain the accurate rock physics parameters of fractured reservoirs for underground fractures prediction.Prestack azimuthal AVA seismic inversion is an efficient means to estimate rock physics parameters.Assuming that underground is transverse isotropy with a titled axis of symmetry,this paper begins with the building of fracture rock physics equivalent model.The impedance and fracture rock physics parameters can be estimated from well log data by using model.The paper also deduces the azimuthal anisotropic reflectivity equation which contains the fracture weakness parameters.Based on the framework of Bayesian inversion,we build the linearized AVAZ inversion of P-wave for TTI medium.Tests on synthetic data show that the new method can estimate fracture weaknesses parameters reasonably with moderate noise,which leads to reduce the uncertainty for the estimation of fracture rock physics parameters.And the method is a strong tool for fracture prediction.
It is significant to obtain the accurate rock physics parameters of fractured reservoirs for underground fractures prediction.Prestack azimuthal AVA seismic inversion is an efficient means to estimate rock physics parameters.Assuming that underground is transverse isotropy with a titled axis of symmetry,this paper begins with the building of fracture rock physics equivalent model.The impedance and fracture rock physics parameters can be estimated from well log data by using model.The paper also deduces the azimuthal anisotropic reflectivity equation which contains the fracture weakness parameters.Based on the framework of Bayesian inversion,we build the linearized AVAZ inversion of P-wave for TTI medium.Tests on synthetic data show that the new method can estimate fracture weaknesses parameters reasonably with moderate noise,which leads to reduce the uncertainty for the estimation of fracture rock physics parameters.And the method is a strong tool for fracture prediction.
引文
Bakulin A,Grechka V,Tsvankin I.2000.Estimation of fracture parameters from reflection seismic data-part I:HTI model due to a single fracture set.Geophysics,65(6):1788-1802.
Buland A,Kolbjórnsen O,Omre H.2003.Rapid spatially coupled AVO inversion in the Fourier domain.Geophysics,68(3):824-836.
Buland A,Omre H.2003.Bayesian linearized AVO inversion.Geophysics,68(1):185-198.
Chen H Z,Yin X Y,Gao C G,et al.2014a.AVAZ inversion for fluid factor based on fracture anisotropic rock physics theory.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),57(3):968-978,doi:10.6038/cjg20140326.
Chen H Z,Yin X Y,Qu S L,et al.2014b.AVAZ inversion for fracture weakness parameters based on the rock physics model.Journal of Geophysics and Engineering,11(6):065007,doi:10.1088/1742-2132/11/6/065007.
Chen J J,Yin X Y.2007.Three-parameter AVO waveform inversion based on Bayesian theorem.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),50(4):1251-1260.
Gassmann F.1951.Uber die elastizitat poroser medien.Veirteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zzirich,96:1-23.
Hudson J A.1980.Overall properties of a cracked solid.Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society,88(2):371-384.
Ivanov Y,Stovas A.2016.Weak-anisotropy approximation for P-wave reflection coefficient at the boundary between two tilted transversely isotropic media.Geophysical Prospecting,65(2):485-502.
Liu H X,Li J Y,Chen X H,et al.2016.Amplitude variation with offset inversion using the reflectivity method.Geophysics,81(4):R185-R195.
Mallick S,Craft K L,Meister L J,et al.1998.Determination of the principal directions of azimuthal anisotropy from P-wave seismic data.Geophysics,63(2):692-706.
Mavko G,Mukerji T,Dvorkin J.2009.The Rock Physics Handbook:Tools for Seismic Analysis of Porous Media.2nd ed.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Rüger A.1996.Reflection coefficients and azimuthal AVO analysis in anisotropic media[Ph.D.thesis].Golden:Colorado School of Mines.
Rüger A.1997.P-wave reflection coefficients for transversely isotropic models with vertical and horizontal axis of symmetry.Geophysics,62(3):713-722.
Rokhlin S I,Bolland T K,Adler L.1985.Reflection and refraction of elastic waves on a plane interface between two generally anisotropic media.The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,79(4):906-918.
Schoenberg M.1983.Reflection of elastic waves from periodically stratified media with interfacial slip.Geophysical Prospecting,31(2):265-292.
Schoenberg M,Douma J.1988.Elastic wave propagation in media with parallel fractures and aligned cracks.Geophysical Prospecting,36(6):571-590.
Schoenberg M,Sayers C M.1995.Seismic anisotropy of fractured rock.Geophysics,60(1):204-211.
Thomsen L.1986.Weak elastic anisotropy.Geophysics,51(10):1954-1966.
Todoeschuck J P,Jensen O G,Labonte S.1990.Gaussian scaling noise model of seismic reflection sequences:Evidence from well logs.Geophysics,55(4):480-484.
Wang B L,Yin X Y,Zhang F C.2005.Elastic impedance inversion and its application.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),20(1):89-92.
Wang H W,Peng S P.2016.Reflection coefficient of qP,qSand SH at a plane boundary between viscoelastic TTI media.Geophysical Journal International,204(1):555-568.
Wang H W,Peng S P,Du W F.2016.Azimuthal AVO of P-wave at the boundary between two TTI media.∥78th EAGEConference and Exhibition 2016.Vienna:EAGE.
Wang S D,Wang B.2012.Time-lapse Bayesian AVO waveform inversion.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),55(7):2422-2431,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.07.026.
Yang P J,Yin X Y.2008.Non-linear quadratic programming Bayesian prestack inversion.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),51(6):1876-1882.
Yin X Y,Zhang S X,Zhang F.2013.Two-term elastic impedance inversion and Russell fluid factor direct estimation method for deep reservoir fluid identification.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),56(7):2378-2390,doi:10.6038/cjg20130724.
陈怀震,印兴耀,杜炳毅等.2013.裂缝型碳酸盐岩储层方位各向异性弹性阻抗反演.地球物理学进展,28(6):3073-3079,doi:10.6038/pg20130631.
陈怀震,印兴耀,高成国等.2014.基于各向异性岩石物理的缝隙流体因子AVAZ反演.地球物理学报,57(3):968-978,doi:10.6038/cjg20140326.
陈建江,印兴耀.2007.基于贝叶斯理论的AVO三参数波形反演.地球物理学报,50(4):1251-1260.
王保丽,印兴耀,张繁昌.2005.弹性阻抗反演及应用研究.地球物理学进展,20(1):89-92.
王守东,王波.2012.时移地震资料贝叶斯AVO波形反演.地球物理学报,55(7):2422-2431,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.07.026.
杨培杰,印兴耀.2008.非线性二次规划贝叶斯叠前反演.地球物理学报,51(6):1876-1882.
印兴耀,张世鑫,张峰.2013.针对深层流体识别的两项弹性阻抗反演与Russell流体因子直接估算方法研究.地球物理学报,56(7):2378-2390,doi:10.6038/cjg20130724.
Buland A,Kolbjórnsen O,Omre H.2003.Rapid spatially coupled AVO inversion in the Fourier domain.Geophysics,68(3):824-836.
Buland A,Omre H.2003.Bayesian linearized AVO inversion.Geophysics,68(1):185-198.
Chen H Z,Yin X Y,Gao C G,et al.2014a.AVAZ inversion for fluid factor based on fracture anisotropic rock physics theory.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),57(3):968-978,doi:10.6038/cjg20140326.
Chen H Z,Yin X Y,Qu S L,et al.2014b.AVAZ inversion for fracture weakness parameters based on the rock physics model.Journal of Geophysics and Engineering,11(6):065007,doi:10.1088/1742-2132/11/6/065007.
Chen J J,Yin X Y.2007.Three-parameter AVO waveform inversion based on Bayesian theorem.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),50(4):1251-1260.
Gassmann F.1951.Uber die elastizitat poroser medien.Veirteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zzirich,96:1-23.
Hudson J A.1980.Overall properties of a cracked solid.Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society,88(2):371-384.
Ivanov Y,Stovas A.2016.Weak-anisotropy approximation for P-wave reflection coefficient at the boundary between two tilted transversely isotropic media.Geophysical Prospecting,65(2):485-502.
Liu H X,Li J Y,Chen X H,et al.2016.Amplitude variation with offset inversion using the reflectivity method.Geophysics,81(4):R185-R195.
Mallick S,Craft K L,Meister L J,et al.1998.Determination of the principal directions of azimuthal anisotropy from P-wave seismic data.Geophysics,63(2):692-706.
Mavko G,Mukerji T,Dvorkin J.2009.The Rock Physics Handbook:Tools for Seismic Analysis of Porous Media.2nd ed.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Rüger A.1996.Reflection coefficients and azimuthal AVO analysis in anisotropic media[Ph.D.thesis].Golden:Colorado School of Mines.
Rüger A.1997.P-wave reflection coefficients for transversely isotropic models with vertical and horizontal axis of symmetry.Geophysics,62(3):713-722.
Rokhlin S I,Bolland T K,Adler L.1985.Reflection and refraction of elastic waves on a plane interface between two generally anisotropic media.The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,79(4):906-918.
Schoenberg M.1983.Reflection of elastic waves from periodically stratified media with interfacial slip.Geophysical Prospecting,31(2):265-292.
Schoenberg M,Douma J.1988.Elastic wave propagation in media with parallel fractures and aligned cracks.Geophysical Prospecting,36(6):571-590.
Schoenberg M,Sayers C M.1995.Seismic anisotropy of fractured rock.Geophysics,60(1):204-211.
Thomsen L.1986.Weak elastic anisotropy.Geophysics,51(10):1954-1966.
Todoeschuck J P,Jensen O G,Labonte S.1990.Gaussian scaling noise model of seismic reflection sequences:Evidence from well logs.Geophysics,55(4):480-484.
Wang B L,Yin X Y,Zhang F C.2005.Elastic impedance inversion and its application.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),20(1):89-92.
Wang H W,Peng S P.2016.Reflection coefficient of qP,qSand SH at a plane boundary between viscoelastic TTI media.Geophysical Journal International,204(1):555-568.
Wang H W,Peng S P,Du W F.2016.Azimuthal AVO of P-wave at the boundary between two TTI media.∥78th EAGEConference and Exhibition 2016.Vienna:EAGE.
Wang S D,Wang B.2012.Time-lapse Bayesian AVO waveform inversion.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),55(7):2422-2431,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.07.026.
Yang P J,Yin X Y.2008.Non-linear quadratic programming Bayesian prestack inversion.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),51(6):1876-1882.
Yin X Y,Zhang S X,Zhang F.2013.Two-term elastic impedance inversion and Russell fluid factor direct estimation method for deep reservoir fluid identification.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),56(7):2378-2390,doi:10.6038/cjg20130724.
陈怀震,印兴耀,杜炳毅等.2013.裂缝型碳酸盐岩储层方位各向异性弹性阻抗反演.地球物理学进展,28(6):3073-3079,doi:10.6038/pg20130631.
陈怀震,印兴耀,高成国等.2014.基于各向异性岩石物理的缝隙流体因子AVAZ反演.地球物理学报,57(3):968-978,doi:10.6038/cjg20140326.
陈建江,印兴耀.2007.基于贝叶斯理论的AVO三参数波形反演.地球物理学报,50(4):1251-1260.
王保丽,印兴耀,张繁昌.2005.弹性阻抗反演及应用研究.地球物理学进展,20(1):89-92.
王守东,王波.2012.时移地震资料贝叶斯AVO波形反演.地球物理学报,55(7):2422-2431,doi:10.6038/j.issn.0001-5733.2012.07.026.
杨培杰,印兴耀.2008.非线性二次规划贝叶斯叠前反演.地球物理学报,51(6):1876-1882.
印兴耀,张世鑫,张峰.2013.针对深层流体识别的两项弹性阻抗反演与Russell流体因子直接估算方法研究.地球物理学报,56(7):2378-2390,doi:10.6038/cjg20130724.