固态扩散条件下C在M_7C_3与M_(23)C_6碳化物转变中的作用
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摘要
对3Cr13不锈钢进行气体渗碳和高温脱碳处理,探究了M_7C_3型碳化物与M_(23)C_6型碳化物之间的转变关系,揭示了C在碳化物转变过程中起到的作用。结果表明:经过渗碳处理后不锈钢的组织中都出现了碳化物,碳化物的数量随着渗碳时间的延长而增加,而脱碳之后碳化物的数量明显减少。进行EDS分析后发现,不锈钢中存在一个特别的区域,在该区域两侧出现了碳含量差异很大,而铬含量几乎相同的碳化物。进行XRD剥离试验后发现,这个区域其实是M_7C_3与M_(23)C_6碳化物转变区,且脱碳之后该区域到渗碳表层的距离变小,说明在固态扩散条件下M_7C_3与M_(23)C_6碳化物之间的转变主要受碳含量的控制。
3Cr13 stainless steel was treated with the processes of gas carburizing and high temperature decarburizing.In order to explore the carbide transition relationship between M_7C_3 and M_(23)C_6,and reveal the main control element of carbide transformation.The results show that carbides appear in the stainless steel after carburizing,and the amount of carbides increases with the carburizing time,while the amount of carbides after decarburization is significantly reduced.Based on the EDS analysis results,it is found that there is a special region in the stainless steel,where carbides have a large difference in carbon amount and almost the same amount of chromium appeares on both sides.After XRD stripping test,it is found that this region is actually the transformation zone of M_7C_3 and M_(23)C_6 carbides,and the distance from the zone to the carburized surface after decarburization becomes smaller,indicating that the transformation between M_7C_3 and M_(23)C_6 carbides is mainly controlled by the carbon amount under solid state diffusion.
3Cr13 stainless steel was treated with the processes of gas carburizing and high temperature decarburizing.In order to explore the carbide transition relationship between M_7C_3 and M_(23)C_6,and reveal the main control element of carbide transformation.The results show that carbides appear in the stainless steel after carburizing,and the amount of carbides increases with the carburizing time,while the amount of carbides after decarburization is significantly reduced.Based on the EDS analysis results,it is found that there is a special region in the stainless steel,where carbides have a large difference in carbon amount and almost the same amount of chromium appeares on both sides.After XRD stripping test,it is found that this region is actually the transformation zone of M_7C_3 and M_(23)C_6 carbides,and the distance from the zone to the carburized surface after decarburization becomes smaller,indicating that the transformation between M_7C_3 and M_(23)C_6 carbides is mainly controlled by the carbon amount under solid state diffusion.
引文
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[2]Li H,Xia S,Zhou B,et al.The dependence of carbide morphology on grain boundary character in the highly twinned alloy 690[J].Journal of Nuclear Materials,2010,399(1):108-113.
[3]刘瑞良,王帅,闫牧夫,等.沉淀硬化不锈钢表面低温等离子渗碳层组织结构和性能[J].金属热处理,2015,40(12):146-150.Liu Ruiliang,Wang Shuai,Yan Mufu,et al.Microstructure and properties of low temperature plasma carburized layer on precipitation hardening stainless steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2015,40(12):146-150.
[4]刘瑞良,闫牧夫,乔英杰.马氏体不锈钢低温表面改性技术研究进展[J].金属热处理,2012,37(9):1-7.Liu Ruiliang,Yan Mufu,Qiao Yingjie.Research progress of low temperature surface modification technology for martensitic stainless steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2012,37(9):1-7.
[5]童幸生,张婷.低温离子渗碳对304不锈钢耐磨性影响的研究[J].新技术新工艺,2013(5):89-91.Tong Xingsheng,Zhang Ting.Research on wear resistance of 304stainless steel by low temperature plasma carburizing[J].New Technology and New Technology,2013(5):89-91.
[6]Grosch J.Microstructure and properties of gas carburized steels[J].Comprehensive Materials Processing,2014,12:379-411.
[7]付永红,李楠,秦为涛,等.316不锈钢固相渗碳组织与性能研究[J].热加工工艺,2017,46(14):152-154.Fu Yonghong,Li Nan,Qin Weitao,et al.Study on microstructure and properties of 316 stainless steel after solid carburizing[J].Hot Working Technology,2017,46(14):152-154.
[8]李树枫,谢宝海.1Cr17Ni2钢真空渗碳[J].金属热处理,2016,41(3):97-99.Li Shufeng,Xie Baohai.Vacuum carburizing of 1Cr17Ni2 steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2016,41(3):97-99.
[9]贾慈力,沈耀仁,钱士强,等.2Cr13用于精整冷轧辊轮的热处理工艺[J].热加工工艺,2014,43(4):158-160.Jia Cili,Shen Yaoren,Qian Shiqiang,et al.Heat treatment process of finishing cold die roller with 2Cr13[J].Hot Working Technology,2014,43(4):158-160.
[10]毕凤琴,张旭昀.热处理原理及工艺[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2009.
[11]Egawa M,Ueda N,Nakata K,et al.Effect of additive alloying element on plasma nitriding and carburizing behavior for austenitic stainless steels[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2010,205(S1):246-251.
[12]刘智恩.材料科学基础(第四版)[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,2013.
[13]高峰,巩建鸣,姜勇,等.316L奥氏体不锈钢低温气体渗碳后的表面特性[J].金属热处理,2014,39(12):102-106.Gao Feng,Gong Jianming,Jiang Yong,et al.Surface performance of316L austenite stainless steel after low temperature gas carburizing[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2014,39(12):102-106
[14]Wieczerzak K,Bala P,Dziurka R,et al.The effect of temperature on the evolution of eutectic carbides and M7C3/M23C6carbides reaction in the rapidly solidified Fe-Cr-C alloy[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2017,698:673-684.
[15]朱鹏程,沈寅忠,刘欢,等.铁素体/马氏体钢P92的正常和反常锯齿流变行为[J].金属热处理,2018,43(6):6-11.Zhu Pengcheng,Shen Yinzhong,Liu Huan,et al.Normal and inverse serrated flow behavior of ferritic/martensitic steel P92[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2018,43(6):6-11.