无线定位中基于旋转不变PM的时延估计
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摘要
定位参数的快速估计是无线定位系统的关键环节。针对超分辨时延估计算法计算复杂度较高这一问题,提出一种基于旋转不变传播算子(PM)的时延估计算法。该算法首先对正交频分复用(OFDM)频域接收信号进行建模,然后计算协方差矩阵,再根据子载波流行矩阵的范德蒙矩阵属性,采用旋转不变PM算法实现时延参数的闭式解,从而既无须特征值分解又避免了伪谱峰搜索,计算速度快。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该算法在计算量大幅度下降的同时,参数估计性能接近于基于旋转不变技术(ESPRIT)估计信号参数算法,具有一定的可行性和有效性。
Fast estimation of location parameters is the key for the wireless positioning system, but super-resolution time delay estimation algorithms commonly have high computational complexity. Aiming at solving this problem, a time delay estimation based on rotation-invariance Propagator Method(PM) is proposed in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM) system. Firstly, the received signal in OFDM frequency domain is modeled, and then the covariance matrix is calculated. Finally, according to the Vandermonde matrix attribute of subcarriers steering matrix, the closed-form solution of time delay parameter is accomplished by rotation-invariance PM algorithm, which not only does not need eigenvalue decomposition but also avoids the pseudo spectral peak search, and the calculation speed is fast.Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the performance of the proposed algorithm is close to that of the Estimating Signal Parameter via Rotational Invariance Techniques(ESPRIT) algorithm with a significant cut in the computational complexity, and the algorithm has good feasibility and effectiveness.
Fast estimation of location parameters is the key for the wireless positioning system, but super-resolution time delay estimation algorithms commonly have high computational complexity. Aiming at solving this problem, a time delay estimation based on rotation-invariance Propagator Method(PM) is proposed in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM) system. Firstly, the received signal in OFDM frequency domain is modeled, and then the covariance matrix is calculated. Finally, according to the Vandermonde matrix attribute of subcarriers steering matrix, the closed-form solution of time delay parameter is accomplished by rotation-invariance PM algorithm, which not only does not need eigenvalue decomposition but also avoids the pseudo spectral peak search, and the calculation speed is fast.Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the performance of the proposed algorithm is close to that of the Estimating Signal Parameter via Rotational Invariance Techniques(ESPRIT) algorithm with a significant cut in the computational complexity, and the algorithm has good feasibility and effectiveness.
引文
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[2]NA Z,GUAN Q,FU C,et al.Channel model and throughput analysis for LEO OFDM satellite communication system[J].International Journal of Future Generation Communication&Networking,2013,6(6):109-122.
[3]张平,陶运铮,张治.5G若干关键技术评述[J].通信学报,2016,37(7):15-29.(ZHANG Ping,TAO Yunzheng,ZHANG Zhi.Survey of several key technologies for 5G[J].Journal on Communications,2016,37(7):15-29.)
[4]MAKKI A,SIDDIG A,SAAD M,et al.High-resolution time of arrival estimation for OFDM-based transceivers[J].Electronics Letters,2015,51(3):294-296.
[5]PERAL-ROSADO J A D,LóPEZ-SALCEDO J A,SECO-GRANADOS G,et al.Joint maximum likelihood time-delay estimation for LTE positioning in multipath channels[J].Journal on Advances in Signal Processing,2014(1):33.
[6]李晶,赵拥军,李冬海.基于马尔科夫链蒙特卡罗的时延估计算法[J].物理学报,2014,63(13):130701.(LI Jing,ZHAOYongjun,LI Donghai.Time delay estimation using Markov Chain Monte Carlo method[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2014,63(13):130701.)
[7]LI X,PAHLAVAN K.Super-resolution TOA estimation with diversity for indoor geolocation[J].IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications,2004,3(1):224-234.
[8]HE Z,MA Y,TAFAZOLLI R.Improved high resolution TOA estimation for OFDM-WLAN based indoor ranging[J].IEEEWireless Communications Letters,2013,2(2):163-166.
[9]NI H,REN G,CHANG Y.A TDOA location scheme in OFDM based WMANs[J].IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics,2008,54(3):1017-1021.
[10]MAKKI A,SIDDIG A,SAAD M,et al.Indoor localization using 802.11 time differences of arrival[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2016,65(3):614-623.
[11]刘超,王英民.子空间算法在OFDM信道时延估计中的应用[J].太赫兹科学与电子信息学报,2014,12(4):533-538.(LIU Chao,WANG Yingmin.Application of subspace algorithm to time delay estimation in OFDM channels[J].Journal of Terahertz Science and Electronic Information Technology,2014,12(4):533-538.)
[12]GABER A,OMAR A.A study of TDOA estimation using matrix pencil algorithms and IEEE 802.11ac[C]//2012 Ubiquitous Positioning,Indoor Navigation,and Location Based Service(UPINLBS).Helsinki,Finland:IEEE,2012:1-8.
[13]巴斌,刘国春,李韬,等.基于哈达玛积扩展子空间的到达时间和波达方向联合估计[J].物理学报,2015,64(7):078403.(BA Bin,LIU Guochun,LI Tao,et al.Joint for time of arrival and direction of arrival estimation algorithm based on the subspace of extended Hadamard product[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2015,64(7):078403.)
[14]LI A,WANG Shu.Propagator method for DOA estimation using fourth-order cumulant[C]//The 7th International Conference on Wireless Communications,Networking and Mobile Computing.Wuhan,China:IEEE,2011:23-25.
[15]LIU S,YANG L,HUANG J H,et al.Generalization propagator method for DOA estimation[J].Progress in Electromagnetics Research M,2014(37):119-125.
[16]LI X,XU D J,WANG X M.Modified propagator method for 2-dimensional DOA estimation in monostatic MIMO radar with L-shaped array[J].Advanced Materials Research,2014(846):1171-1175.
[17]巴斌,郑娜娥,胡捍英,等.OFDM系统中基于PM的时延估计算法[J].太赫兹科学与电子信息学报,2016,14(3):355-360.(BA Bin,ZHENG Na’e,HU Hanying,et al.Time delay estimation based on PM in OFDM system[J].Journal of Terahertz Science and Electronic Information Technology,2016,14(3):355-360.)