Similar or different: the same Spiro-core but different alkyl chains with apparently improved device performance of perovskite solar cells
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摘要
By intelligently utilizing the odd-even effect existing in the melting points of alkanes as presented in the basic textbook of Organic Chemistry, different alkoxy groups were introduced to modify the structure of commercial Spiro-OMeTAD to give new Spiro derivatives of Spiro-OEtTAD, Spiro-OPrTAD, Spiro-OiPrTAD and Spiro-OBuTAD, with the aim to adjust the molecular packing status in perovskite solar cells as hole transporting compounds. Excitedly, with the introduction of ethoxy groups instead of the methoxy ones in Spiro-OMeTAD, Spiro-OEtTAD-based perovskite solar cells demonstrated the highest device performance of 20.16%, higher than that of Spiro-OMeTAD(18.64%).
By intelligently utilizing the odd-even effect existing in the melting points of alkanes as presented in the basic textbook of Organic Chemistry, different alkoxy groups were introduced to modify the structure of commercial Spiro-OMeTAD to give new Spiro derivatives of Spiro-OEtTAD, Spiro-OPrTAD, Spiro-OiPrTAD and Spiro-OBuTAD, with the aim to adjust the molecular packing status in perovskite solar cells as hole transporting compounds. Excitedly, with the introduction of ethoxy groups instead of the methoxy ones in Spiro-OMeTAD, Spiro-OEtTAD-based perovskite solar cells demonstrated the highest device performance of 20.16%, higher than that of Spiro-OMeTAD(18.64%).
By intelligently utilizing the odd-even effect existing in the melting points of alkanes as presented in the basic textbook of Organic Chemistry, different alkoxy groups were introduced to modify the structure of commercial Spiro-OMeTAD to give new Spiro derivatives of Spiro-OEtTAD, Spiro-OPrTAD, Spiro-OiPrTAD and Spiro-OBuTAD, with the aim to adjust the molecular packing status in perovskite solar cells as hole transporting compounds. Excitedly, with the introduction of ethoxy groups instead of the methoxy ones in Spiro-OMeTAD, Spiro-OEtTAD-based perovskite solar cells demonstrated the highest device performance of 20.16%, higher than that of Spiro-OMeTAD(18.64%).
引文
1 https://www.nrel.gov/pv/assets/images/efficiency-chart-20180716.jpg
2(a)Zhou H,Chen Q,Li G,Luo S,Song T,Duan HS,Hong Z,You J,Liu Y,Yang Y.Science,2014,345:542-546;(b)Bi D,Yi C,Luo J,Décoppet JD,Zhang F,Zakeeruddin SM,Li X,Hagfeldt A,Gr?tzel M.Nat Energy,2016,1:16142-16146;(c)Bai L,Wang Z,Han Y,Zuo Z,Liu B,Yu M,Zhang H,Lin J,Xia Y,Yin C,Xie L,Chen Y,Lin Z,Wang J,Huang W.Nano Energy,2018,46:241-248;(d)Liu X,Huang P,Dong Q,Wang Z,Zhang K,Yu H,Lei M,Zhou Y,Song B,Li Y.Sci China Chem,2017,60:136-143;(e)Liu D,Zhou W,Tang H,Fu P,Ning Z.Sci China Chem,2018,61:1278-1284
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8(a)Li Q,Li Z.Adv Sci,2017,4:1600484;(b)Liu F,Tu J,Wang X,Wang J,Gong Y,Han M,Dang X,Liao Q,Peng Q,Li Q,Li Z.Chem Commun,2018,54:5598-5601;(c)Gong Y,Chang K,Chen C,Han M,Zhan X,Min J,Jiao X,Li Q,Li Z.Mater Chem Front,2019,3:93-102;(d)Wang C,Yu Y,Chai Z,He F,Wu C,Gong Y,Han M,Li Q,Li Z.Mater Chem Front,2019,3:32-38
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12 Jeon NJ,Na H,Jung EH,Yang TY,Lee YG,Kim G,Shin HW,Il Seok S,Lee J,Seo J.Nat Energy,2018,3:682-689
13 Gao K,Xu B,Hon C,Shi X,Liu H,Li X,Xie L,Jen AK-Y.Adv Energy Mater,2018,8:18008
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20(a)Zhan X,Zhang J,Gong Y,Tang S,Tu J,Xie Y,Peng Q,Yu G,Li Z.Mater Chem Front,2017,1:2341-2348;(b)Xie Y,Ge Y,Peng Q,Li C,Li Q,Li Z.Adv Mater,2017,29:1606829;(c)Lei T,Dou JH,Pei J.Adv Mater,2012,24:6457-6461;(d)Mei J,Diao Y,Appleton AL,Fang L,Bao Z.J Am Chem Soc,2013,135:6724-6746;(e)Yang J,Li L,Yu Y,Ren Z,Peng Q,Ye S,Li Q,Li Z.Mater Chem Front,2017,1:91-99;(f)Chen P,Li Z.Chin J Polym Sci,2017,35:793-798;(g)Li Q,Tang Y,Hu W,Li Z.Small,2018,14:1801560
21 Hu Z,Fu W,Yan L,Miao J,Yu H,He Y,Goto O,Meng H,Chen H,Huang W.Chem Sci,2016,7:5007-5012
2(a)Zhou H,Chen Q,Li G,Luo S,Song T,Duan HS,Hong Z,You J,Liu Y,Yang Y.Science,2014,345:542-546;(b)Bi D,Yi C,Luo J,Décoppet JD,Zhang F,Zakeeruddin SM,Li X,Hagfeldt A,Gr?tzel M.Nat Energy,2016,1:16142-16146;(c)Bai L,Wang Z,Han Y,Zuo Z,Liu B,Yu M,Zhang H,Lin J,Xia Y,Yin C,Xie L,Chen Y,Lin Z,Wang J,Huang W.Nano Energy,2018,46:241-248;(d)Liu X,Huang P,Dong Q,Wang Z,Zhang K,Yu H,Lei M,Zhou Y,Song B,Li Y.Sci China Chem,2017,60:136-143;(e)Liu D,Zhou W,Tang H,Fu P,Ning Z.Sci China Chem,2018,61:1278-1284
3(a)Teh CH,Daik R,Lim EL,Yap CC,Ibrahim MA,Ludin NA,Sopian K,Mat Teridi MA.J Mater Chem A,2016,4:15788-15822;(b)Krishna A,Grimsdale AC.J Mater Chem A,2017,5:16446-16466;(c)Zhou W,Wen Z,Gao P.Adv Energy Mater,2018,8:1702512;(d)Jiang X,Yu Z,Lai J,Zhang Y,Lei N,Wang D,Sun L.Sci China Chem,2017,59:423-430
4(a)Yu Z,Sun L.Adv Energy Mater,2015,5:1500213;(b)Zimmermann I,Urieta-Mora J,Gratia P,AragóJ,Grancini G,MolinaOntoria A,OrtíE,Martín N,Nazeeruddin MK.Adv Energy Mater,2017,7:1601674;(c)Fuentes Pineda R,Troughton J,Planells M,Sanchez-Molina Santos I,Muhith F,Nichol GS,Haque S,Watson T,Robertson N.Phys Chem Chem Phys,2018,20:1252-1260;(d)Hawash Z,Ono LK,Qi Y.Adv Mater Interfaces,2018,5:1700623-1700644
5(a)Christians JA,Fung RCM,Kamat PV.J Am Chem Soc,2014,136:758-764;(b)Qin P,Tanaka S,Ito S,Tetreault N,Manabe K,Nishino H,Nazeeruddin MK,Gr?tzel M.Nat Commun,2014,5:3834-3839;(c)Arora N,Dar MI,Hinderhofer A,Pellet N,Schreiber F,Zakeeruddin SM,Gr?tzel M.Science,2017,358:768-771;(d)Zuo C,Ding L.Small,2015,11:5528-5532
6(a)Zhu Z,Bai Y,Lee HKH,Mu C,Zhang T,Zhang L,Wang J,Yan H,So SK,Yang S.Adv Funct Mater,2014,24:7357-7365;(b)Wu F,Ji Y,Zhong C,Liu Y,Tan L,Zhu L.Chem Commun,2017,53:8719-8722;(c)Liu F,Li Q,Li Z.Asian J Org Chem,2018,7:2182-2200
7 Yang WS,Park BW,Jung EH,Jeon NJ,Kim YC,Lee DU,Shin SS,Seo J,Kim EK,Noh JH,Seok SI.Science,2017,356:1376-1379
8(a)Li Q,Li Z.Adv Sci,2017,4:1600484;(b)Liu F,Tu J,Wang X,Wang J,Gong Y,Han M,Dang X,Liao Q,Peng Q,Li Q,Li Z.Chem Commun,2018,54:5598-5601;(c)Gong Y,Chang K,Chen C,Han M,Zhan X,Min J,Jiao X,Li Q,Li Z.Mater Chem Front,2019,3:93-102;(d)Wang C,Yu Y,Chai Z,He F,Wu C,Gong Y,Han M,Li Q,Li Z.Mater Chem Front,2019,3:32-38
9 Rakstys K,Saliba M,Gao P,Gratia P,Kamarauskas E,Paek S,Jankauskas V,Nazeeruddin MK.Angew Chem,2016,128:7590-7594
10 Paek S,Zimmermann I,Gao P,Gratia P,Rakstys K,Grancini G,Nazeeruddin MK,Rub MA,Kosa SA,Alamry KA,Asiri AM.Chem Sci,2016,7:6068-6075
11 Zhang H,Wu Y,Zhang W,Li E,Shen C,Jiang H,Tian H,Zhu WH.Chem Sci,2018,9:5919-5928
12 Jeon NJ,Na H,Jung EH,Yang TY,Lee YG,Kim G,Shin HW,Il Seok S,Lee J,Seo J.Nat Energy,2018,3:682-689
13 Gao K,Xu B,Hon C,Shi X,Liu H,Li X,Xie L,Jen AK-Y.Adv Energy Mater,2018,8:18008
14 Ge QQ,Shao JY,Ding J,Deng LY,Zhou WK,Chen YX,Ma JY,Wan LJ,Yao J,Hu JS,Zhong YW.Angew Chem Int Ed,2018,57:10959-10965
15 Zhang J,Xu B,Yang L,Ruan C,Wang L,Liu P,Zhang W,Vlachopoulos N,Kloo L,Boschloo G,Sun L,Hagfeldt A,Johansson EMJ.Adv Energy Mater,2018,8:1701209
16 Xu B,Zhang J,Hua Y,Liu P,Wang L,Ruan C,Li Y,Boschloo G,Johansson EMJ,Kloo L,Hagfeldt A,Jen AK.-Y,Sun L.Chem,2017,2:676-687
17 Zhang F,Wang Z,Zhu H,Pellet N,Luo J,Yi C,Liu X,Liu H,Wang S,Li X,Xiao Y,Zakeeruddin SM,Bi D,Gr?tzel M.Nano Energy,2017,41:469-475
18 Bi D,Tress W,Dar MI,Gao P,Luo J,Renevier C,Schenk K,Abate A,Giordano F,Correa Baena JP,Decoppet JD,Zakeeruddin SM,Nazeeruddin MK,Gr?tzel M,Hagfeldt A.Sci Adv,2016,2:e1501170
19 Saliba M,Orlandi S,Matsui T,Aghazada S,Cavazzini M,CorreaBaena JP,Gao P,Scopelliti R,Mosconi E,Dahmen KH,de Angelis F,Abate A,Hagfeldt A,Pozzi G,Gr?tzel M,Nazeeruddin MK.Nat Energy,2016,1:15017-15023
20(a)Zhan X,Zhang J,Gong Y,Tang S,Tu J,Xie Y,Peng Q,Yu G,Li Z.Mater Chem Front,2017,1:2341-2348;(b)Xie Y,Ge Y,Peng Q,Li C,Li Q,Li Z.Adv Mater,2017,29:1606829;(c)Lei T,Dou JH,Pei J.Adv Mater,2012,24:6457-6461;(d)Mei J,Diao Y,Appleton AL,Fang L,Bao Z.J Am Chem Soc,2013,135:6724-6746;(e)Yang J,Li L,Yu Y,Ren Z,Peng Q,Ye S,Li Q,Li Z.Mater Chem Front,2017,1:91-99;(f)Chen P,Li Z.Chin J Polym Sci,2017,35:793-798;(g)Li Q,Tang Y,Hu W,Li Z.Small,2018,14:1801560
21 Hu Z,Fu W,Yan L,Miao J,Yu H,He Y,Goto O,Meng H,Chen H,Huang W.Chem Sci,2016,7:5007-5012