证人证言可信度评价的语篇信息成分分析途径——一项前导性研究
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摘要
证人证言可信度研究吸引了包括心理学家和计算语言学家在内的许多研究人员关注,但目前的成果有诸多需要完善之处。Yuille呼吁证人证言可信度研究需要跨学科、多维度的合作。从语篇信息分析的角度,运用实证的、量化的方法,初步证明语篇信息分析可以将真实证人证言与虚构的证人证言区分开,为综合性证人证言可信度评价机制开辟新的途径。
The credibility assessment of the eyewitness accounts has attracted researchers from different backgrounds, including but not limited to psycholinguistics and computational linguistics. The outcomes of these methods, however, have pitfalls for different reasons and Yuille et al(1989) advocated for a multidisciplinary and multidimensional approach to the information construction of the evidence. A simulation experiment is adopted to elicit a group of true eyewitness accounts as well as a group of fabricated ones before they are compared from the perspective of discourse information analysis. The result shows the DIA-based linguistic approach can distinguish the true accounts from the fabricated ones, which marks a different way in the field of credibility assessment of the eyewitness accounts.
The credibility assessment of the eyewitness accounts has attracted researchers from different backgrounds, including but not limited to psycholinguistics and computational linguistics. The outcomes of these methods, however, have pitfalls for different reasons and Yuille et al(1989) advocated for a multidisciplinary and multidimensional approach to the information construction of the evidence. A simulation experiment is adopted to elicit a group of true eyewitness accounts as well as a group of fabricated ones before they are compared from the perspective of discourse information analysis. The result shows the DIA-based linguistic approach can distinguish the true accounts from the fabricated ones, which marks a different way in the field of credibility assessment of the eyewitness accounts.
引文
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[2] VRIJ A.Detecting lies and deceit:pitfalls and opportunities[M].Manhattan:John Wiley & Sons,2008.
[3] JACKSON J D.Analysing the new evidence scholarship:towards a new conception of the law of evidence[J].Oxford journal of legal studies,1996,16(8):309-328.
[4] DEPAULO B,LINDSAY J.Cues to deception[J].Psychological bulletin,2003,129(1):74-118.
[5] UNDEUTSCH U.Beurteilung der glaubhaftigkeit von aussagen[M]//Handbuch der psychologie:Vol.11:Forensische psychologie.Gottingen:Hogrefe,1967:26-181.
[6] YUILLE J.Credibility assessment[M].Netherlands:Kluwer Academic Publishers,1989.
[7] BEAUGRANDE R,DRESSLER W U.Introduction to text linguistics[M].New York:Longman,1981.
[8] 杜金榜.法律语篇信息研究[M].北京:人民出版社,2014:123-142.
[9] SALICONE S.Measurement uncertainty:an approach via the mathematical theory of evidence[M].Berlin:Springer,2007.
[10] DRETSKE F.Knowledge and the flow of information[M].Cambridge,Mass:The MIT Press,1981.
[11] SEMIN G R,SMITH E R.Revisiting the past and back to the future:memory systems and the linguistic representation of social events[J].Journal of personality and social psychology,1999,76(6):877.
[12] 张保生.证据法学[M].北京:中国政法大学出版,2014.