面向MANETs按需路由协议的黑洞攻击解析改进模型
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摘要
传统移动Ad Hoc网络(mobile Ad Hoc network,MANETs)黑洞攻击解析模型存在网络拓扑结构固定、网络传输性能预测精确度低的问题。针对使用按需路由协议的MANETs网络,提出一种基于随机拓扑近似技术的黑洞攻击解析改进模型(improved black hole attack analytical model,IBAAM)。IBAAM协议使用随机模型代替传统解析模型使用的n元2立方体模型,并将网络结构扩展至随机拓扑结构,使用最短跳距离概率描述表示网络拓扑结构的随机拓扑信息,再使用K均值聚类法实现跳距离文件配置以求解任意拓扑结构下的攻击概率问题,从而在不利用任何实际拓扑先验信息条件下有效预测MANETs网络平均丢包数目。IBAAM实验结果表明,在多种不同固定Ad Hoc拓扑结构下,IBAAM的网络丢包预测精确度在仿真结果的95%置信区间内,能够有效预测网络传输性能。
The problem of the traditional analytical model of black hole attack for mobile Ad Hoc network( MANETs) is lower prediction accuracy for network transmission performance. Hence,for an ad hoc network with on demand routing protocol,a novel black hole analytical model was proposed based on stochastic topology approximation technology. IBAAM employs a stochastic analytical model instead of n ary 2 cube model used in the traditional analytical method,and expands the topology into the any arbitrary network topologies. It employs the shortest hop distance probability to represent the random information of network topology,and uses K-means clustering method to realize the hop distance file configuration to compute the attack probability,which can predict the average packet loss of the networks without using any given information about practical network topology. The IBAAM experiments showed,under variety of the fixed Ad hoc topology,the average prediction accuracy rate of the network packet loss of the analytical model proposed is about 95% of packet loss in the simulation results.
The problem of the traditional analytical model of black hole attack for mobile Ad Hoc network( MANETs) is lower prediction accuracy for network transmission performance. Hence,for an ad hoc network with on demand routing protocol,a novel black hole analytical model was proposed based on stochastic topology approximation technology. IBAAM employs a stochastic analytical model instead of n ary 2 cube model used in the traditional analytical method,and expands the topology into the any arbitrary network topologies. It employs the shortest hop distance probability to represent the random information of network topology,and uses K-means clustering method to realize the hop distance file configuration to compute the attack probability,which can predict the average packet loss of the networks without using any given information about practical network topology. The IBAAM experiments showed,under variety of the fixed Ad hoc topology,the average prediction accuracy rate of the network packet loss of the analytical model proposed is about 95% of packet loss in the simulation results.
引文
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[19]张焕君,杨小宁.基于模糊聚类分析临床路径决策研究[J].控制工程,2013,20(6):1118-1122.ZHANG Huanjun,YANG Xiaoning.Based on the fuzzy clustering analysis of clinical pathway decision research[J].Control engineering,2013,20(6):1118-1122.
[2]BEL D,LAPADULA L.Secure computer systems:mathematical foundations[R].Technical report MTR 2457,MITRE Corporation,1973.
[3]BREWER D F C,NASH M J.The Chinese wall security policy[C]//Proceedings of 1989 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy.Oakland,CA:IEEE Computer Society,1989:206-214.
[4]SAGHAR K,KENDALL D,BOURIDANE A.Application of formal modeling to detect black hole attacks in wireless sensor network routing protocols[C]//The 11thInternational Bhurban Conference on Applied Science and Technology.Pakistan:Islamabad:[s.n.],2014:191-194.
[5]ZAIDI S A R,GHOGHO M.Stochastic geometric analysis of black hole attack on smart grid communication networks[C]//The 3rd International Conference on Smart Grid Communications.Tainan:IEEE Computer Society,2012:716-721.
[6]王旭赢,林中华,胡源.Ad Hoc网络黑洞攻击仿真研究[J].海军工程大学学报,2011,23(2):103-107WANG Xuying,LIN Zhonghua,HU Yuan.Simulation of Ad Hoc networks under black hole attack[J].Journal of naval university engineering,2011,23(2):103-107.
[7]彭志楠,叶丹霞,范明.移动Ad Hoc网络的黑洞攻击研究[J].计算机应用研究,2009,26(11):4006-4009.PENG Zhinan,YE Danxia,FAN Ming.Research on black hole attack in mobile ad hoc networks[J].Application research of computer,2009,26(11):4006-4009.
[8]杨飞.移动Ad Hoc网络攻击技术研究[D].杭州:杭州电子科技大学,2013.YANG Fei.Research on attack technology for mobile ad hoc networks[D].Hangzhou:Hangzhou electronic technology university,2013.
[9]HUI X,XIANREN W,SADJADPOUR H R,et al A unified analysis of routing protocol in manets[J].IEEE Transactions on Communications,2010,58(3):911-922.
[10]HEJIAO H,QIANG Z.Petri-net-based modeling and resolving of black hole attack in wmn[C]//The 36thAnnual Computer Software and Applications Conference Workshops.Izmir,Turkey:IEEE Computer Society,2012:409-414.
[11]SARMA K J,SHARMA R,DAS R.A survey of black hole attack detection in manet[J].The International Conference on Issues and Challenges in Intelligent Computing Techniques,2014,22(1):202-205.
[12]BADENHOP C W,MULLINS B E.A black hole attack model using topology approximation for reactive ad-hoc routing protocols[J].International Journal of Security and Networks,2014,9(2):63-77.
[13]何绵禄,褚伟,刘辉舟.AODV路由协议的研究和改进[J].计算机工程,2015,41(1):110-114.HE Mianlu,ZHU Wei,LIU Huizhou.Research and improvement of AODV routing protocols[J].Computer engineering,2015,41(1):110-114.
[14]BALA A,BANSAL M,SINGH J.Performance analysis of manet under blackhole attack[C]//The 1stInternational Conference on Networks and Communications.Washington,DC,USA:IEEE Computer Society,2009:141-145.
[15]AAD I,HUBAUX J P.Impact of denial of service attacks on Ad Hoc networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Networking,2008,16(4):791-802.
[16]KONIG A,SEITHER D.An analytical model of routing,misbehavior and countermeasures in mobile ad hoc networks[C]//Global Telecommunications Conference.Honolulu,Hawaii:IEEE Computer Society,2009:1-6.
[17]BETTSTETTER C,EBERSPACHER J.Hop distances in homogeneous ad hoc networks[C]//The 57thIEEE Semiannual Vehicular Technology Conference.Germany:IEEE Computer Society,2003:2286-2290.
[18]杨慧中,董陶,陶洪峰.基于改进K-means聚类算法的组合模型建模[J].控制工程,2013,20(2):201-204.YANG Huizhong,DONG Tao,TAO Hongfeng.Combination model based on improved K-means clustering algorithm[J].Control engineering,2013,20(2):201-204.
[19]张焕君,杨小宁.基于模糊聚类分析临床路径决策研究[J].控制工程,2013,20(6):1118-1122.ZHANG Huanjun,YANG Xiaoning.Based on the fuzzy clustering analysis of clinical pathway decision research[J].Control engineering,2013,20(6):1118-1122.