叶片变桨速率对风电机组停机过程载荷特性影响研究
|
摘要
分析叶片变桨速率对于风电机组机械载荷影响的机理,并基于某2.5 MW双馈型风电机组载荷实测数据,对相同外部条件不同叶片变桨速率停机过程的载荷数据进行分析,研究叶片变桨速率对风电机组疲劳与极限载荷的影响。运用GH Bladed软件,对不同叶片变桨速率停机工况下的风电机组载荷进行仿真计算,验证叶片变桨速率与风电机组载荷之间的内在关系。现场测试数据与仿真结果均表明,风电机组停机过程中的载荷特性与叶片变桨速率相关,且随着叶片变桨速率的增加,疲劳与极限载荷随之明显增加。由叶片变桨速率增大导致的风电机组极限载荷增加比例与疲劳等效载荷增加比例相近。
The effect mechanism of blade pitch rate on the mechanical load of wind turbine was analyzed. Based on theactual load data of a 2.5 MW doubly-fed wind turbine,the load data of different blade pitch rate in shutdown processunder the same external condition were analyzed to study the influence of blade pitch rate on the fatigue and ultimate loadof the wind turbine. The GH Bladed software was used to simulate the mechanical load of wind turbine under differentblade pitch rate for shutdown process and verify the intrinsic relationship between blade pitch rate and load of windturbine. Both field testing data and simulation results show that the load characteristics of wind turbine in shutdownprocess is related to blade pitch rate,and the fatigue and ultimate load obviously increase with the increase of blade pitchrate. The increase ratio of the ultimate load of the wind turbine caused by the increase of blade pitch rate is similar to theincrease ratio of the fatigue equivalent load.
The effect mechanism of blade pitch rate on the mechanical load of wind turbine was analyzed. Based on theactual load data of a 2.5 MW doubly-fed wind turbine,the load data of different blade pitch rate in shutdown processunder the same external condition were analyzed to study the influence of blade pitch rate on the fatigue and ultimate loadof the wind turbine. The GH Bladed software was used to simulate the mechanical load of wind turbine under differentblade pitch rate for shutdown process and verify the intrinsic relationship between blade pitch rate and load of windturbine. Both field testing data and simulation results show that the load characteristics of wind turbine in shutdownprocess is related to blade pitch rate,and the fatigue and ultimate load obviously increase with the increase of blade pitchrate. The increase ratio of the ultimate load of the wind turbine caused by the increase of blade pitch rate is similar to theincrease ratio of the fatigue equivalent load.
引文
[1]戴巨川,胡燕平,刘德顺,等.大型风电机组变桨矩载荷计算与特性分析[J].中国科学:技术科学,2010,40(7):778—785.[1]Dai Juchuan,Hu Yanping,Liu Deshun,et al.Calculation and characteristics analysis of blade pitch loads for large scale wind turbines[J].Scientia Sinica:Technologica,2010,40(7):778—785.
[2]贺周耀,段斌,苏永新,等.基于功率和载荷协调的变桨矩控制策略[J].电工电能新技术,2012,31(3):54—63.[2]He Zhouyao,Duan Bin,Su Yongxin,et al.Research on pitch control strategy based on power and loads coordination[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Fnergy,2012,31(3):54—63.
[3]韩兵,周腊吾,陈浩,等.大型风机的独立变桨控制方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(2):1—8.[3]Han Bing,Zhou Lawu,Chen Hao,et al.Methods of individual pitch control for large wind turbine[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(2):1—8.
[4]林志明,潘东浩,王贵子,等.双馈式变速变桨风力发电机组的转矩控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(32):118—124.[4]Lin Zhiming,Pan Donghao,Wang Guizi,et al.Torque control of double-fed variable speed variable pitch wind turbine[J].Proceedings of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2009,29(32):118—124.
[5]窦修荣,黄秋珊,宋宪耕.大型水平轴风轮转子/塔架耦合系统的气动弹性稳定性分析[J].太阳能学报,1997,18(3):278—284.[5]Dou Xiurong,Huang Qiushan,Song Xiangeng.Coupled rotor/tower aeroelastic stability analysis of large horizontal-axis wind turbine[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,1997,18(3):278—284.
[6]李本立,安玉华.风电机组塔架俯仰与桨叶挥舞的耦合运动[J].太阳能学报,1997,18(1):65—67.[6]Li Benli,An Yuhua.Coupled motion of the wind turbine tower pitching plus blades in flapping[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,1997,18(1):65—67.
[7]王永智,陶其斌,周必成.风力机塔架的结构动力分析[J].太阳能学报,1995,16(2):162—169.[7]Wang Yongzhi,Tao Qibin,Zhou Bicheng.Dynamic analysis of wind power turbine’s tower structures[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,1995,16(2):162—169.
[8]陈严,欧阳高飞,叶枝全.大型水平轴风力机传动系统的动力学研究[J].太阳能学报,2003,24(5):729—734.[8]Chen Yan,Ouyang Gaofei,Ye Zhiquan.Dynamic analysis of HAWT drive-train[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2003,24(5):729—734.
[9]Hansen Martin O L(著),肖劲松(译).风力机空气动力学[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2009.[9]Hansen Martin O L.Aerodynamics of wind turbines[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2009.
[10]Hamidreza J,Jeff P,Julian E.Adaptive control of a variable-speed variable-pitch wind turbine using radialbasis function neural network[J].IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology,2013,21(6):2264—2272.
[11]薛扬,付德义,焦渤,等.一种符合IEC 61400-13标准的风电机组载荷测试系统[P].中国:201010513594,2011-02-16.[11]Xue Yang,Fu Deyi,Jiao Bo,et al.A wind turbine load measurement system based on the IEC 61400-13[P].China:201010513594,2011-02-16.
[12]付德义,秦世耀,薛扬,等.风电机组低电压穿越过程机械载荷特性研究[J].太阳能学报,2016,37(5):1100—1106.[12]Fu Deyi,Qin Shiyao,Xue Yang,et al.Wind turbine mechanical load characteristics research[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2016,37(5):1100—1106.
[13]盛振国,王树军,付德义,等.风电机组测量载荷工况研究[J].太阳能学报,2016,37(2):303—308.[13]Sheng Zhenguo,Wang Shujun,Fu Deyi,et al.Comparative study on measurement load cases of wind turbine generator systems[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2016,37(2):303—308.
[14]付德义,薛扬,秦世耀.MW级风力发电机组载荷测试方法研究[J].可再生能源,2013,31(3):65—68.[14]Fu Deyi,Xue Yang,Qin Shiyao.MW class wind turbine load measurement method research[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2013,31(3):65—68.
[15]付德义,秦世耀.基于风力发电机组载荷测试的设计载荷验证[J].可再生能源,2013,31(8):38—41.[15]Fu Deyi,Qin Shiyao.Wind turbine design load vertification based on load measurement[J],Renewable Energy Resources,2013,31(8):38—41.
[16]宁建国,宋卫东,任会兰,等.冲击载荷作用下材料与结构的响应与防护[J].固体力学学报,2010,31(5):532—552.[16]Ning Jianguo,Song Weidong,Ren Huilan,et al.Response and protection of matirials and structures under impact loadings[J].Chinese Journal of Solid Mechanics,2010,31(5):532—552.
[17]任廷鸿.冲击载荷下疲劳损伤力学及锻锤基础的疲劳损伤分析[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006.[17]Ren Tinghong.Fatigue damage mechanics under impact load and analysis of fatigue damage for hammerfoundation[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2006.
[2]贺周耀,段斌,苏永新,等.基于功率和载荷协调的变桨矩控制策略[J].电工电能新技术,2012,31(3):54—63.[2]He Zhouyao,Duan Bin,Su Yongxin,et al.Research on pitch control strategy based on power and loads coordination[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Fnergy,2012,31(3):54—63.
[3]韩兵,周腊吾,陈浩,等.大型风机的独立变桨控制方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(2):1—8.[3]Han Bing,Zhou Lawu,Chen Hao,et al.Methods of individual pitch control for large wind turbine[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(2):1—8.
[4]林志明,潘东浩,王贵子,等.双馈式变速变桨风力发电机组的转矩控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(32):118—124.[4]Lin Zhiming,Pan Donghao,Wang Guizi,et al.Torque control of double-fed variable speed variable pitch wind turbine[J].Proceedings of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2009,29(32):118—124.
[5]窦修荣,黄秋珊,宋宪耕.大型水平轴风轮转子/塔架耦合系统的气动弹性稳定性分析[J].太阳能学报,1997,18(3):278—284.[5]Dou Xiurong,Huang Qiushan,Song Xiangeng.Coupled rotor/tower aeroelastic stability analysis of large horizontal-axis wind turbine[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,1997,18(3):278—284.
[6]李本立,安玉华.风电机组塔架俯仰与桨叶挥舞的耦合运动[J].太阳能学报,1997,18(1):65—67.[6]Li Benli,An Yuhua.Coupled motion of the wind turbine tower pitching plus blades in flapping[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,1997,18(1):65—67.
[7]王永智,陶其斌,周必成.风力机塔架的结构动力分析[J].太阳能学报,1995,16(2):162—169.[7]Wang Yongzhi,Tao Qibin,Zhou Bicheng.Dynamic analysis of wind power turbine’s tower structures[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,1995,16(2):162—169.
[8]陈严,欧阳高飞,叶枝全.大型水平轴风力机传动系统的动力学研究[J].太阳能学报,2003,24(5):729—734.[8]Chen Yan,Ouyang Gaofei,Ye Zhiquan.Dynamic analysis of HAWT drive-train[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2003,24(5):729—734.
[9]Hansen Martin O L(著),肖劲松(译).风力机空气动力学[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2009.[9]Hansen Martin O L.Aerodynamics of wind turbines[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2009.
[10]Hamidreza J,Jeff P,Julian E.Adaptive control of a variable-speed variable-pitch wind turbine using radialbasis function neural network[J].IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology,2013,21(6):2264—2272.
[11]薛扬,付德义,焦渤,等.一种符合IEC 61400-13标准的风电机组载荷测试系统[P].中国:201010513594,2011-02-16.[11]Xue Yang,Fu Deyi,Jiao Bo,et al.A wind turbine load measurement system based on the IEC 61400-13[P].China:201010513594,2011-02-16.
[12]付德义,秦世耀,薛扬,等.风电机组低电压穿越过程机械载荷特性研究[J].太阳能学报,2016,37(5):1100—1106.[12]Fu Deyi,Qin Shiyao,Xue Yang,et al.Wind turbine mechanical load characteristics research[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2016,37(5):1100—1106.
[13]盛振国,王树军,付德义,等.风电机组测量载荷工况研究[J].太阳能学报,2016,37(2):303—308.[13]Sheng Zhenguo,Wang Shujun,Fu Deyi,et al.Comparative study on measurement load cases of wind turbine generator systems[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2016,37(2):303—308.
[14]付德义,薛扬,秦世耀.MW级风力发电机组载荷测试方法研究[J].可再生能源,2013,31(3):65—68.[14]Fu Deyi,Xue Yang,Qin Shiyao.MW class wind turbine load measurement method research[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2013,31(3):65—68.
[15]付德义,秦世耀.基于风力发电机组载荷测试的设计载荷验证[J].可再生能源,2013,31(8):38—41.[15]Fu Deyi,Qin Shiyao.Wind turbine design load vertification based on load measurement[J],Renewable Energy Resources,2013,31(8):38—41.
[16]宁建国,宋卫东,任会兰,等.冲击载荷作用下材料与结构的响应与防护[J].固体力学学报,2010,31(5):532—552.[16]Ning Jianguo,Song Weidong,Ren Huilan,et al.Response and protection of matirials and structures under impact loadings[J].Chinese Journal of Solid Mechanics,2010,31(5):532—552.
[17]任廷鸿.冲击载荷下疲劳损伤力学及锻锤基础的疲劳损伤分析[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006.[17]Ren Tinghong.Fatigue damage mechanics under impact load and analysis of fatigue damage for hammerfoundation[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2006.