全尺寸风电叶片疲劳加载载荷匹配及试验研究
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摘要
为疲劳加载试验时沿叶片展向满足实际工作时的弯矩分布,对全尺寸风电叶片共振型疲劳加载系统进行载荷匹配与试验。分析叶片共振式疲劳试验中弯矩分布,采用参数分段离散法沿叶片展向离散出质量与长度矩阵,推导叶片弯矩数值计算方法,建立弯矩匹配优化数学模型,编制弯矩分布校验算法,利用Matlab/Simulink建立仿真模型并对匹配优化进行数值仿真,并校验配重块的质量和数量,得到沿叶片展向的弯矩分布误差小于7%。试验结果表明,疲劳试验过程中叶片加载点的振幅稳定,叶片根部弯矩误差不超过±5%,满足疲劳加载试验的弯矩分布精度要求,试验精度与检测效率得到提高,缩短疲劳试验周期,为风电叶片检测与分析提供一种的实用手段。
Fatigue loading along the blade should meet the moment distribution of practical work. To make the bending moment more close to the wind load distribution on the blade,optimization and experiment of wind turbine blade had been carried out. The blade was discrete extended to derive the discrete quality and length matrix. The numerical calculation method of blade bending moment was deduced,the mathematical model of bending moment matching optimization was established,and the checking algorithm of bending moment distribution was compiled. Using Matlab/Simulink and optimization algorithm,the simulation model was established to optimize and verify the quality and quantity of the counterweight block. Simulation results show the bending moment along the blade spanwise distribution error is less than 7%.The experimental results show that the load point amplitude is steady only minor change in the whole process of fatigue loading process. The blade root moment error is less than ± 5% which indicates that a better control effect is achieved. The test precision and test efficiency are improved greatly,which shorten the fatigue test cycle and satisfy the precision requirements of bending moment distribution of fatigue testing,also provide a practical method for the detection and analysis of wind power blade.
Fatigue loading along the blade should meet the moment distribution of practical work. To make the bending moment more close to the wind load distribution on the blade,optimization and experiment of wind turbine blade had been carried out. The blade was discrete extended to derive the discrete quality and length matrix. The numerical calculation method of blade bending moment was deduced,the mathematical model of bending moment matching optimization was established,and the checking algorithm of bending moment distribution was compiled. Using Matlab/Simulink and optimization algorithm,the simulation model was established to optimize and verify the quality and quantity of the counterweight block. Simulation results show the bending moment along the blade spanwise distribution error is less than 7%.The experimental results show that the load point amplitude is steady only minor change in the whole process of fatigue loading process. The blade root moment error is less than ± 5% which indicates that a better control effect is achieved. The test precision and test efficiency are improved greatly,which shorten the fatigue test cycle and satisfy the precision requirements of bending moment distribution of fatigue testing,also provide a practical method for the detection and analysis of wind power blade.
引文
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[5]石可重,赵晓路,徐建中.大型风电机组叶片疲劳试验研究[J].太阳能学报,2011,32(8):1264—1267.[5]Shi Kezhong,Zhao Xiaolu,Xu Jianzhong. Research on fatigue test of large horizontal axis wind turbine blade[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2011,32(8):1264—1267.
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[8]White D. New method for dual-axis fatigue testing of large wind turbine blade using resonance excitation and spectral loading[R]. National Renewable Energy Laboratory,NREL/TP-500-35268,2004.
[9]Greaves P R, Dominy R G, Ingram G L, et al.Evaluation of dual-axis fatigue testing of large wind turbine blades[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part C:Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,2012,226(7):1693—1704.
[10]Chortis D I,Varelis D S,Saravanos D A. Prediction of material coupling effect on structural damping of composite beams and blades. Composite Structures,2012,94:1646—1655.
[11]Chortis D I, Chrysochoidis N A, Saravanos D A.Damped structural dynamics models of large windturbine blades including material and structural damping[J]. Journal of Physics:Conference Series,2007,75:012076.
[12]Lee Hak Gu, Park Jisang. Linear relationship of damping ratios in resonance-type fatigue testing of a wind turbineblade[J].WindEnergy,2014,17(7):1119—1122.
[2]李德源,莫文威,严修红,等.基于多体模型的水平轴风力机气弹耦合分析[J].机械工程学报,2014,50(12):140—150.[2]Li Deyuan, Mo Wenwei, Yan Xiuhong, et al.Aeroelastic analysis of gorizontal axis wind turbine based on multi-body model[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2014,50(12):140—150.
[3]陈进,王旭东,沈文忠,等.风力机叶片的形状优化设计[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(3):131—134.[3]Chen Jin, Wang Xudong, Shen Wenzhong, et al.Optimization design of blade shapes for wind turbines[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,46(3):131—135.
[4]Shamsaei Nima, Gladskyi Maksym, Panasovskyi Kostyantyn, et al. Multi-axial fatigue of titanium including step loading and load path alteration and sequence effects[J]. International Journal of Fatigue,2010,32(11):1862—1874.
[5]石可重,赵晓路,徐建中.大型风电机组叶片疲劳试验研究[J].太阳能学报,2011,32(8):1264—1267.[5]Shi Kezhong,Zhao Xiaolu,Xu Jianzhong. Research on fatigue test of large horizontal axis wind turbine blade[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2011,32(8):1264—1267.
[6]Malhotra P,Hyers R W,Manwell J F,et al. A review and design study of blade testing systems for utility-scale wind turbines[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2012,16(1):285—292.
[7]Haupfear W M. The development of an adaptive control system for a phase locked excitation method for advanced wind turbine blade fatigue testing[D].Daytona Beach:Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University,2010.
[8]White D. New method for dual-axis fatigue testing of large wind turbine blade using resonance excitation and spectral loading[R]. National Renewable Energy Laboratory,NREL/TP-500-35268,2004.
[9]Greaves P R, Dominy R G, Ingram G L, et al.Evaluation of dual-axis fatigue testing of large wind turbine blades[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part C:Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,2012,226(7):1693—1704.
[10]Chortis D I,Varelis D S,Saravanos D A. Prediction of material coupling effect on structural damping of composite beams and blades. Composite Structures,2012,94:1646—1655.
[11]Chortis D I, Chrysochoidis N A, Saravanos D A.Damped structural dynamics models of large windturbine blades including material and structural damping[J]. Journal of Physics:Conference Series,2007,75:012076.
[12]Lee Hak Gu, Park Jisang. Linear relationship of damping ratios in resonance-type fatigue testing of a wind turbineblade[J].WindEnergy,2014,17(7):1119—1122.