不同派系杨树品种(系)光合特性评价
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摘要
【目的】综合评价引种的白杨派、黑杨派和青杨派杨树品种(系)的光合能力和生长优势,为优良杨树品种(系)推广种植提供参考依据。【方法】使用Li-6400XT便携式光合仪测定相同生境条件下伊犁地区引种白杨派、黑杨派和青杨派杨树品种(系)的光合参数,使用模糊数学中的隶属函数法综合评价各品种(系)的光合能力和生长情况。【结果】不同派系杨树品种(系)的光合速率(Pn)呈单峰或双峰曲线,部分品种(系)存在明显的光合午休现象;各派系内不同品种的光合生理参数差异显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01);大气CO2浓度(Ca)和气孔导度(Gs)对3个派系Pn的直接作用较大,蒸腾速率(Tr)为白杨派树种的主要决策变量,叶温(Tl)为黑杨派和青杨派树种的主要决策变量,影响白杨派和青杨派树种Pn的主要限制变量为Ca,黑杨派则为胞间CO2浓度(Ci)。沙兰杨(辽宁)、银×新12#、171、174、银×新中东杨、银×新192的综合指数较高。【结论】银×新中东杨、沙兰杨(辽宁)、银×新12#、林场银×新、171和银×新192的光合能力较强且生长优势明显,各项指标的综合指数较高,适应高光强环境能力较强,可在新疆伊犁平原地区及其他适宜种植白杨派、黑杨派和青杨派树种的平原地区推广种植。
【Objective】The main photosynthetic capacity and growth advantage of introduced poplar species(clones)such as Sect.Leuces,Sect.Aigeiros and Sect.Tacamahaca were comprehensively evaluated,in order to provide referential basis for screening excellent poplar species(clones)to plant.【Method】Photosynthetic parameters of the three introduced poplar species(clones)at the same conditions in Yili were determined by using Li-6400 XT portable photosynthetic system.The three introduced poplar species(clones)included Sect.Leuces,Sect.Aigeiros and Sect.Tacamahaca.Photosynthetic capacity and growth situation of the species(clones)were comprehensively evaluated by using membership function method of fuzzy mathematics.【Result】Photosynthetic rate(Pn)of different factions of poplar species(clones)showed single peak or double peak curves.And there were obvious midday depression of photosynthesis phenomenon in part of species(clones).Within each factions,there were significant(P<0.05)or extremely significant(P<0.01)differences in photosynthetic and physiological parameters among different species(clones).The direct effects of atmospheric CO2concentration(Ca),stomatal conductance(Gs)on Pnof three factions were relatively large.Transpiration rate(Tr)was main decision variable of Sect.Leuces species.Temperature leaf(Tl)was main decision variable of Sect.Aigeiros and Sect.Tacamahaca,Ca was the main limiting variable that affected Pnof Sect.Leuce and Sect.Tacamahaca species.For Sect.Aigeiros,intercelluar CO2concentration(Ci)was the main limiting variable.P.canadensis cv.Sacrou 79(Liaoning),P.alba×P.bolleana 12#,171,174,P.alba×P.bolleana Zhongdong,P.alba×P.bolleana 192 had high composite indexes.【Conclusion】According to the analysis,six species(clones)have strong photosynthetic capacity and obvious growth advantage,and high composite index of indicators.The six species(clones)are P.alba × P.bolleana Zhongdong,P.canadensis cv.Sacrou 79(Liaoning),P.alba×P.bolleana 12#,P.alba×P.bolleana Linchang,171 and P.alba×P.bolleana 192.The six species(clones)have strong capacity to adapt to the high light intensity environment in Yili region.Therefore,they can be widely popularized and planted in Yili plain area and other plains areas suitable for planting of Sect.Leuces,Sect.Aigeiros and Sect.Tacamahaca species.
【Objective】The main photosynthetic capacity and growth advantage of introduced poplar species(clones)such as Sect.Leuces,Sect.Aigeiros and Sect.Tacamahaca were comprehensively evaluated,in order to provide referential basis for screening excellent poplar species(clones)to plant.【Method】Photosynthetic parameters of the three introduced poplar species(clones)at the same conditions in Yili were determined by using Li-6400 XT portable photosynthetic system.The three introduced poplar species(clones)included Sect.Leuces,Sect.Aigeiros and Sect.Tacamahaca.Photosynthetic capacity and growth situation of the species(clones)were comprehensively evaluated by using membership function method of fuzzy mathematics.【Result】Photosynthetic rate(Pn)of different factions of poplar species(clones)showed single peak or double peak curves.And there were obvious midday depression of photosynthesis phenomenon in part of species(clones).Within each factions,there were significant(P<0.05)or extremely significant(P<0.01)differences in photosynthetic and physiological parameters among different species(clones).The direct effects of atmospheric CO2concentration(Ca),stomatal conductance(Gs)on Pnof three factions were relatively large.Transpiration rate(Tr)was main decision variable of Sect.Leuces species.Temperature leaf(Tl)was main decision variable of Sect.Aigeiros and Sect.Tacamahaca,Ca was the main limiting variable that affected Pnof Sect.Leuce and Sect.Tacamahaca species.For Sect.Aigeiros,intercelluar CO2concentration(Ci)was the main limiting variable.P.canadensis cv.Sacrou 79(Liaoning),P.alba×P.bolleana 12#,171,174,P.alba×P.bolleana Zhongdong,P.alba×P.bolleana 192 had high composite indexes.【Conclusion】According to the analysis,six species(clones)have strong photosynthetic capacity and obvious growth advantage,and high composite index of indicators.The six species(clones)are P.alba × P.bolleana Zhongdong,P.canadensis cv.Sacrou 79(Liaoning),P.alba×P.bolleana 12#,P.alba×P.bolleana Linchang,171 and P.alba×P.bolleana 192.The six species(clones)have strong capacity to adapt to the high light intensity environment in Yili region.Therefore,they can be widely popularized and planted in Yili plain area and other plains areas suitable for planting of Sect.Leuces,Sect.Aigeiros and Sect.Tacamahaca species.
引文
安文明,师庆东,张毓涛,衣怀峰,常顺利.2012.克拉玛依人工林俄罗斯杨(Populus russkii)与新疆杨(P.alba var.Pyramidalis)光合特性分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,26(9):67-72.[An W M,Shi Q D,Zhang Y T,Yi H F,Chang S L.2012.Comparison of photosynthesis feature between Populus russkii and P.alba var.Pyramidalis in the Karamay plantation[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,26(9):67-72.]
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陈安强,房用,慕宗昭,马啸,杨吉华.2008.杨树无性系蒸腾速率及其影响因子的研究[J].水土保持研究,15(4):157-160.[Chen A Q,Fang Y,Mu Z Z,Ma X,Yang J H.2008.Studies on transpiration rate and its influencing factors of seven polar clones[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,15(4):157-160.]
邓松录,狄晓艳,王孟本,陈建文,张伟峰,任建中,周玉泉,刘存平.2006.杨树无性系光合特征的研究[J].植物研究,26(5):600-608.[Deng S L,Di X Y,Wang M B,Chen JW,Zhang W F,Ren J Z,Zhou Y Q,Liu C P.2006.Acomparison of photosynthethetic characteristics in four poplar clones[J].Bulletin of Botanical Research,26(5):600-608.]
房用,慕宗昭,王月海,鲍玉海,孙蕾.2006.16个杨树无性系蒸腾特性及其影响因子研究[J].山东大学学报(理学版),41(6):168-172.[Fang Y,Mu Z Z,Wang Y H,Bao Y H,Sun L.2006.Transpiration characteristics and its influencing factors of sixteen polar clones[J].Journal of Shandong University(Natural Science Edition),41(6):168-172.]
江锡兵,李博,张志毅,马开峰,何占国,刘承友.2009.美洲黑杨与大青杨杂种无性系苗期光合特性研究[J].北京林业大学学报,31(5):151-154.[Jiang X B,Li B,Zhang ZY,Ma K F,He Z G,Liu C Y.2009.Photosynthetic characteristics of hybrid clones of populous deltoids and P.ussuriensis[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,31(5):151-154.]
焦绪娟.2007.几个杨树杂交无性系抗逆性研究与评价[D].泰安:山东农业大学.[Jiao X J.2007.Study and appraise on the stress of poplar clones[D].Tai’an:Shandong Agricultural University.]
靳甜甜,傅伯杰,胡婵娟,苏常红,刘宇.2011.不同坡位沙棘光合日变化及其主要环境因子[J].生态学报,31(7):1783-1793.[Jin T T,Fu B J,Hu C J,Su C H,Liu Y.2011.Diurnal changes of photosynthetic characteristics of Hippophae rhamnoides and the relevant environment factors at different slope locations[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,31(7):1783-1793.]
李宏,李丕军,雷双喜,郭光华,陈勇.2012.伊犁州引种杨树品种中龄期生长特性研究[J].湖北农业科学,51(12):2529-2532.[Li H,Li P J,Lei S X,Guo G H,Chen Y.2012.Research on growth characteristics of introduced poplar at middle age in Yili prefecture[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,51(12):2529-2532.]
李晓宇.2015.‘渤丰1号’杨光合速率日变化及其与生理生态因子的关系[J].山东林业科技,45(2):10-13.[Li X Y.2015.Study on diurnal variation of photosynthesis and relationship with the eco-physiological factors of Populus×euramericanacl.‘Bofeng1’[J].Shandong Forestry Science and Technology,45(2):10-13.]
李丕军,杨婵婵,李斌,张晓虹,雷双喜,陈宝军.2012.伊犁州引进杨树品种聚类筛选[J].南方农业学报,43(4):493-497.[Li P J,Yang C C,Li B,Zhang X H,Lei S X,Chen B J.2012.Cluster analysis of poplar cultivars introduced to Yili State[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,43(4):493-497.]
刘炳梅,齐芪,刘淑欣,晁楠,蒋湘宁,盖颖.2015.5种杨树苗期形态及生理结构特征比较初探[J].北京林业大学学报,37(6):35-44.[Liu B M,Qi Q,Liu S X,Chao N,Jiang X N,Gai Y.2015.Comparison of morphological and physiological characteristics of five poplar species in China[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,37(6):35-44.]
刘磊,庞洪影,杨峰,黄凤兰,孟凡娟.2010.3种引种杨树和3种乡土杨树苗叶的光合特性比较[J].西部林业科学,39(3):14-19.[Liu L,Pang H Y,Yang F,Huang F L,Meng F J.2010.Comparative analysis of photosynthetic characteristics of three introduced poplars and three native poplars[J].Journal of West China Forestry Science,39(3):14-19.]
刘巍,蔄胜军,丁勇,纪纯阳.2015.5种不同杨树光合指标日变化分析[J].西南林业大学学报,35(6):19-25.[Liu W,Man S J,Ding Y,Ji C Y.2015.Studies on diurnal variation of photosynthesis on five species of poplars[J].Journal of Southwest Forestry University,35(6):19-25.]
宋小园,朱仲元,刘艳伟,赵红瑾.2016.通径分析在SPSS逐步回归分析中的实现[J].干旱区研究,33(1):108-113.[Song X Y,Zhu Z Y,Liu Y W,Zhao H J.2016.Application of path analysis in stepwise linear regression SPSS[J].Arid zone Research,33(1):108-113.]
乌凤章,刘春华,陈英敏,王贺新.2005.大连地区杨树新品种引种造林试验初报[J].沈阳农业大学学报,36(3):355-357.[Wu F Z,Liu C H,Chen Y M,Wang H X.2005.Experiment on introduction of new poplar cultivars in Dalian[J].Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University,36(3):355-357.]
夏黎,李宏,程平,夏诗书,武胜利,李素琼,史开奇,古丽娜尔·吐尔孙,郑朝晖.2017.引种杨树无性系的光合特性比较[J].南方农业学报,48(10):1870-1877.[Xia L,Li H,Cheng P,Xia S S,Wu S L,Li S Q,Shi K Q,Gulinar·Tursun,Zheng Z H.2017.Comparison on photosynthetic characteristics of introduced poplar clones[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,48(10):1870-1877.]
许田芬.2007.闽北南方型杨树的定向选择与培育[D].福州:福建师范大学.[Xu T F.2007.Directional selection and cultivation of the southern Populus in the north of Fujian[D].Fuzhou:Normal University.]
郑朝晖,李丕军,董华,雷双喜,李斌,张晓虹.2012.伊犁地区35个杨树良种生长特性[J].江苏农业科学,40(6):165-168.[Zheng Z H,Li P J,Dong H,Lei S X,Li B,Zhang X H.2012.Study on growth characteristics of 35 poplar species in Yili area[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,40(6):165-168.]
周永学,苏晓华,樊军锋,刘永红,高建社.2004.引种欧洲黑杨无性系苗期生长测定与选择[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),32(10):102-106.[Zhou Y X,Su XH,Fan J F,Liu Y H,Gao J S.2004.Growth determination and selection of introduced Populus nigre clones in seedling stage[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Scien-ces Edition),32(10):102-106.]
朱万泽,王金锡,薛建辉.2004.台湾桤木引种的光合生理特性研究[J].西北植物学报,24(11):2012-2019.[Zhu WZ,Wang J X,Xue J H.2004.Study on the photosynthetic characteristics of introduced Alnus formosana[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,24(11):2012-2019.]
曹生奎,冯起,司建华,常宗强,卓玛错,席海洋,苏永红.2009.植物叶片水分利用效率研究综述[J].生态学报,29(7):3882-3892.[Cao S K,Feng Q,Si J H,Chang ZQ,Zhuomacuo,Xi H Y,Su Y H.2009.Summary on the plant water use efficiency at leaf level[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,29(7):3882-3892.]
陈安强,房用,慕宗昭,马啸,杨吉华.2008.杨树无性系蒸腾速率及其影响因子的研究[J].水土保持研究,15(4):157-160.[Chen A Q,Fang Y,Mu Z Z,Ma X,Yang J H.2008.Studies on transpiration rate and its influencing factors of seven polar clones[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,15(4):157-160.]
邓松录,狄晓艳,王孟本,陈建文,张伟峰,任建中,周玉泉,刘存平.2006.杨树无性系光合特征的研究[J].植物研究,26(5):600-608.[Deng S L,Di X Y,Wang M B,Chen JW,Zhang W F,Ren J Z,Zhou Y Q,Liu C P.2006.Acomparison of photosynthethetic characteristics in four poplar clones[J].Bulletin of Botanical Research,26(5):600-608.]
房用,慕宗昭,王月海,鲍玉海,孙蕾.2006.16个杨树无性系蒸腾特性及其影响因子研究[J].山东大学学报(理学版),41(6):168-172.[Fang Y,Mu Z Z,Wang Y H,Bao Y H,Sun L.2006.Transpiration characteristics and its influencing factors of sixteen polar clones[J].Journal of Shandong University(Natural Science Edition),41(6):168-172.]
江锡兵,李博,张志毅,马开峰,何占国,刘承友.2009.美洲黑杨与大青杨杂种无性系苗期光合特性研究[J].北京林业大学学报,31(5):151-154.[Jiang X B,Li B,Zhang ZY,Ma K F,He Z G,Liu C Y.2009.Photosynthetic characteristics of hybrid clones of populous deltoids and P.ussuriensis[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,31(5):151-154.]
焦绪娟.2007.几个杨树杂交无性系抗逆性研究与评价[D].泰安:山东农业大学.[Jiao X J.2007.Study and appraise on the stress of poplar clones[D].Tai’an:Shandong Agricultural University.]
靳甜甜,傅伯杰,胡婵娟,苏常红,刘宇.2011.不同坡位沙棘光合日变化及其主要环境因子[J].生态学报,31(7):1783-1793.[Jin T T,Fu B J,Hu C J,Su C H,Liu Y.2011.Diurnal changes of photosynthetic characteristics of Hippophae rhamnoides and the relevant environment factors at different slope locations[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,31(7):1783-1793.]
李宏,李丕军,雷双喜,郭光华,陈勇.2012.伊犁州引种杨树品种中龄期生长特性研究[J].湖北农业科学,51(12):2529-2532.[Li H,Li P J,Lei S X,Guo G H,Chen Y.2012.Research on growth characteristics of introduced poplar at middle age in Yili prefecture[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,51(12):2529-2532.]
李晓宇.2015.‘渤丰1号’杨光合速率日变化及其与生理生态因子的关系[J].山东林业科技,45(2):10-13.[Li X Y.2015.Study on diurnal variation of photosynthesis and relationship with the eco-physiological factors of Populus×euramericanacl.‘Bofeng1’[J].Shandong Forestry Science and Technology,45(2):10-13.]
李丕军,杨婵婵,李斌,张晓虹,雷双喜,陈宝军.2012.伊犁州引进杨树品种聚类筛选[J].南方农业学报,43(4):493-497.[Li P J,Yang C C,Li B,Zhang X H,Lei S X,Chen B J.2012.Cluster analysis of poplar cultivars introduced to Yili State[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,43(4):493-497.]
刘炳梅,齐芪,刘淑欣,晁楠,蒋湘宁,盖颖.2015.5种杨树苗期形态及生理结构特征比较初探[J].北京林业大学学报,37(6):35-44.[Liu B M,Qi Q,Liu S X,Chao N,Jiang X N,Gai Y.2015.Comparison of morphological and physiological characteristics of five poplar species in China[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,37(6):35-44.]
刘磊,庞洪影,杨峰,黄凤兰,孟凡娟.2010.3种引种杨树和3种乡土杨树苗叶的光合特性比较[J].西部林业科学,39(3):14-19.[Liu L,Pang H Y,Yang F,Huang F L,Meng F J.2010.Comparative analysis of photosynthetic characteristics of three introduced poplars and three native poplars[J].Journal of West China Forestry Science,39(3):14-19.]
刘巍,蔄胜军,丁勇,纪纯阳.2015.5种不同杨树光合指标日变化分析[J].西南林业大学学报,35(6):19-25.[Liu W,Man S J,Ding Y,Ji C Y.2015.Studies on diurnal variation of photosynthesis on five species of poplars[J].Journal of Southwest Forestry University,35(6):19-25.]
宋小园,朱仲元,刘艳伟,赵红瑾.2016.通径分析在SPSS逐步回归分析中的实现[J].干旱区研究,33(1):108-113.[Song X Y,Zhu Z Y,Liu Y W,Zhao H J.2016.Application of path analysis in stepwise linear regression SPSS[J].Arid zone Research,33(1):108-113.]
乌凤章,刘春华,陈英敏,王贺新.2005.大连地区杨树新品种引种造林试验初报[J].沈阳农业大学学报,36(3):355-357.[Wu F Z,Liu C H,Chen Y M,Wang H X.2005.Experiment on introduction of new poplar cultivars in Dalian[J].Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University,36(3):355-357.]
夏黎,李宏,程平,夏诗书,武胜利,李素琼,史开奇,古丽娜尔·吐尔孙,郑朝晖.2017.引种杨树无性系的光合特性比较[J].南方农业学报,48(10):1870-1877.[Xia L,Li H,Cheng P,Xia S S,Wu S L,Li S Q,Shi K Q,Gulinar·Tursun,Zheng Z H.2017.Comparison on photosynthetic characteristics of introduced poplar clones[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,48(10):1870-1877.]
许田芬.2007.闽北南方型杨树的定向选择与培育[D].福州:福建师范大学.[Xu T F.2007.Directional selection and cultivation of the southern Populus in the north of Fujian[D].Fuzhou:Normal University.]
郑朝晖,李丕军,董华,雷双喜,李斌,张晓虹.2012.伊犁地区35个杨树良种生长特性[J].江苏农业科学,40(6):165-168.[Zheng Z H,Li P J,Dong H,Lei S X,Li B,Zhang X H.2012.Study on growth characteristics of 35 poplar species in Yili area[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,40(6):165-168.]
周永学,苏晓华,樊军锋,刘永红,高建社.2004.引种欧洲黑杨无性系苗期生长测定与选择[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),32(10):102-106.[Zhou Y X,Su XH,Fan J F,Liu Y H,Gao J S.2004.Growth determination and selection of introduced Populus nigre clones in seedling stage[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Scien-ces Edition),32(10):102-106.]
朱万泽,王金锡,薛建辉.2004.台湾桤木引种的光合生理特性研究[J].西北植物学报,24(11):2012-2019.[Zhu WZ,Wang J X,Xue J H.2004.Study on the photosynthetic characteristics of introduced Alnus formosana[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,24(11):2012-2019.]