2018年乌鲁木齐市细菌性腹泻病监测结果分析
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摘要
目的分析2018年乌鲁木齐市细菌性腹泻病的流行特征。方法采集2018年乌鲁木齐市肠道门诊腹泻病病例的粪便标本,进行细菌培养鉴定、血清分型和抗生素耐药试验。结果 2018年共监测腹泻病病例1805例,细菌检出率为9.09%(164例)。其中,沙门氏菌检出率为6.48%(117例),志贺氏菌检出率为2.60%(47例),霍乱弧菌、O157、小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌未检出。血清分型分为10型,其中肠炎沙门氏菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和福氏志贺氏2a型为主要型;时间上,7月细菌检出率最高(11.11%),10月检出率最低(3.95%);空间上,米东区的检出率最高(12.41%),其次为天山区(9.92%),沙区最低(5.27%);年龄分布上,0-9岁年龄组检出率最高(67.68%),70岁以上检出率最低(0.61%);耐药性监测结果表明沙门氏菌和志贺氏菌对阿莫西林的耐药率均最高,分别为28.21%和46.81%,而沙门氏菌对氨曲南的耐药率最低(0.85%),志贺氏菌对头孢唑啉均敏感,耐药率0.00%。结论乌鲁木齐市细菌性腹泻病病原谱较广泛,具有明显的夏季高峰,各区及不同年龄组之间均存在显著差异,应针对引起感染性腹泻的病原体的流行特征,针对性地加强监测与防治。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of bacterial diarrhea in Urumqi in 2018. Methods Stool samples were collected for patients with diarrhoeal disease in diarrhea outpatient clinics in Urumqi in 2018. Bacterial culture,identification, serotyping and antibiotic resistance test were performed. Results A total of 1805 patients with diarrhoeal disease were monitored in Urumqi in 2018, and the bacterial positive rate was 9.09%(164/1805). The positive rate was 6.48%(117/1805)for Salmonella and 2.60% for Shigella(47/1805), and Vibrio cholerae, O157 and Yersinia enterocolitica were not detected. Serotypes included 10 kinds, and Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium and Shigella type 2 a were the main types. The bacterial positive rate was highest in July(11.11%) and lowest in October(3.95%). The bacterial positive rate was highest in Midong District(12.41%),moderate in Tianshan District(9.92%), and lowest in Sha District(5.27%). The bacterial positive rate was highest in patients with an age of 0～9 and lowest in patients with an age greater than 70. Drug resistance rate of amoxicillin was highest for both Salmonella(28.21%)and Shigella(46.81%). Drug resistance rate of aztreonam was lowest for Salmonella(0.85%). Shigella was sensitive to cefazolin with a drug resistance rate of 0.00%. Conclusions Pathogenic spectrum was extensive for bacterial diarrhea in Urumqi. There was a significant peak in the summer, and the differences for both different districts and age groups were significant. Therefore, targeted monitoring and prevention should be performed according to the epidemiological characteristics.
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of bacterial diarrhea in Urumqi in 2018. Methods Stool samples were collected for patients with diarrhoeal disease in diarrhea outpatient clinics in Urumqi in 2018. Bacterial culture,identification, serotyping and antibiotic resistance test were performed. Results A total of 1805 patients with diarrhoeal disease were monitored in Urumqi in 2018, and the bacterial positive rate was 9.09%(164/1805). The positive rate was 6.48%(117/1805)for Salmonella and 2.60% for Shigella(47/1805), and Vibrio cholerae, O157 and Yersinia enterocolitica were not detected. Serotypes included 10 kinds, and Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium and Shigella type 2 a were the main types. The bacterial positive rate was highest in July(11.11%) and lowest in October(3.95%). The bacterial positive rate was highest in Midong District(12.41%),moderate in Tianshan District(9.92%), and lowest in Sha District(5.27%). The bacterial positive rate was highest in patients with an age of 0～9 and lowest in patients with an age greater than 70. Drug resistance rate of amoxicillin was highest for both Salmonella(28.21%)and Shigella(46.81%). Drug resistance rate of aztreonam was lowest for Salmonella(0.85%). Shigella was sensitive to cefazolin with a drug resistance rate of 0.00%. Conclusions Pathogenic spectrum was extensive for bacterial diarrhea in Urumqi. There was a significant peak in the summer, and the differences for both different districts and age groups were significant. Therefore, targeted monitoring and prevention should be performed according to the epidemiological characteristics.
引文
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[5]李方,毋跃文,李新兰,等.2010~2011年乌鲁木齐市腹泻症候群病例监测分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,2012,27(6):50-2.
[6]阿不都热依木·阿不都克力木,陈薇,高枫,等.乌鲁木齐市2012年~2017年其他感染性腹泻流行特征分析[J].医学信息,2018,31(18):104-5,108.
[7]朱婷婷.2010-2013年北京市怀柔区其它感染性腹泻病的流行特征[J].职业与健康,2015,31(10):1331-3.
[8]许晓红,范慧子,张志程,等.儿童细菌性腹泻病的病原菌分布及耐药性分析[J].现代生物医学进展,2014,14(7):1331-5,1342.
[2]唐海丰,李勇,顾文超,等.2013-2015年上海市普陀区869例成人腹泻患者病原监测结果[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(12):2255-8.
[3]付云,胡菊妹,张鹏.湖州市2013年腹泻病哨点医院监测结果[J].浙江预防医学,2015,27(09):931-2,934.
[4]段蓉,费琼,戴燕丽.2007-2011年上海市青浦区感染性腹泻病监测结果[J].职业与健康,2014,30(1):77-9.
[5]李方,毋跃文,李新兰,等.2010~2011年乌鲁木齐市腹泻症候群病例监测分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,2012,27(6):50-2.
[6]阿不都热依木·阿不都克力木,陈薇,高枫,等.乌鲁木齐市2012年~2017年其他感染性腹泻流行特征分析[J].医学信息,2018,31(18):104-5,108.
[7]朱婷婷.2010-2013年北京市怀柔区其它感染性腹泻病的流行特征[J].职业与健康,2015,31(10):1331-3.
[8]许晓红,范慧子,张志程,等.儿童细菌性腹泻病的病原菌分布及耐药性分析[J].现代生物医学进展,2014,14(7):1331-5,1342.