一种单晶高温合金不同温度的高周疲劳性能
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摘要
研究了一种单晶高温合金700℃和800℃的高周疲劳性能,采用扫描电镜和透射电镜分析了断口和断裂机制.结果表明,随着温度升高,合金的疲劳强度系数降低,Basquin系数增加,高周疲劳极限降低.合金700℃与800℃具有相同的高周疲劳断口,都有几个{111}面平面组成,为类解理断裂机制.疲劳断口由裂纹源区、扩展区和瞬断区3部分组成.裂纹起源于试样的表面或亚表面,并沿{111}面扩展.扩展区可见河流状花样、滑移带、疲劳弧线和疲劳条带特征.瞬断区可见解理台阶和撕裂棱.断裂后γ′相仍保持立方形状,位错不均匀分布在γ基体通道中.
The high cycle fatigue properties of a single crystal superalloy were investigated at 700 ℃ and800 ℃. SEM and TEM were used to study the fracture surface and fracture mechanism. The results showed that the fatigue strength coefficient dropped, Basquin exponent rose and the fatigue limit decreased with the increasing test temperature. The fracture surfaces were the same at the above temperatures, each consisting of several {111} planes. The fracture mechanism was all quasi-cleavage fracture. Fatigue source zone, crack propagation zone and transient fracture zone could be seen on the fracture surface. The fatigue crack initiated at or near the surface and propagated along {111} planes. The river pattern, slip band, fatigue arc and fatigue striation could be seen in the crack propagation zone. The cleavage step and tear ridge could be seen in the transient fracture zone. The γ′ phase morphology still maintained cubic after fracture. Dislocations were unevenly distributed in the γ matrix of the alloy.
The high cycle fatigue properties of a single crystal superalloy were investigated at 700 ℃ and800 ℃. SEM and TEM were used to study the fracture surface and fracture mechanism. The results showed that the fatigue strength coefficient dropped, Basquin exponent rose and the fatigue limit decreased with the increasing test temperature. The fracture surfaces were the same at the above temperatures, each consisting of several {111} planes. The fracture mechanism was all quasi-cleavage fracture. Fatigue source zone, crack propagation zone and transient fracture zone could be seen on the fracture surface. The fatigue crack initiated at or near the surface and propagated along {111} planes. The river pattern, slip band, fatigue arc and fatigue striation could be seen in the crack propagation zone. The cleavage step and tear ridge could be seen in the transient fracture zone. The γ′ phase morphology still maintained cubic after fracture. Dislocations were unevenly distributed in the γ matrix of the alloy.
引文
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[22]ZHANG J X,MURAKUMO T,HARADA H.Creep deformation mechanisms in some modern single crystal superalloys[C]//Superalloys 2004.Pennsylvania,PA:TMS,2004:189-195.
[2]刘世忠,史振学,熊继春,等.一种单晶高温合金的组织和持久性能[J].有色金属科学与工程,2017,8(1):118-121.
[3]史振学,杨万鹏,刘世忠,等.长期时效温度对一种单晶高温合金的组织和拉伸性能的影响[J].有色金属科学与工程,2018,9(4):35-39.
[4]史振学,赵金乾,刘世忠,等.表面缺陷对单晶高温合金高周疲劳性能的影响[J].有色金属科学与工程,2018,9(6):21-25.
[5]谢洪吉,李嘉荣,韩梅,等.超温对DD6单晶高温合金组织及高周疲劳性能影响[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2018,47(8):2483-2488.
[6]M譈LLER S,R?SLER J,SOMMER C,HARTNAGEL W.The influence of load ratio,temperature,orientation and hold time on fatigue crack growth of CMSX-4[C]//Superalloys 2000,Warrendale,TMS,2000:347-355.
[7]谢洪吉.DD6单晶高温合金疲劳性能研究[D].北京:北京航空材料研究院,2018:38-39.
[8]SHI Z X,WANG X G,LIU S Z,et al.Low cycle fatigue properties and microstructure evolution at 760℃of a single crystal superalloy[J].Progress in Natural Science:Materials International,2015,25(1):78-82.
[9]张志华,于慧臣,李影,等.单晶镍基高温合金在600~760℃下的低循环疲劳行为[J].航空材料学报,2018,38(3):58-64.
[10]WRIGHT P K,JAIN M,CAMERON D.High cycle fatigue in a single crystal superalloy:time dependence at elevated temperature[C]//Superalloys 2004.Pennsylvania,PA:TMS,2004:657-666.
[11]LUKAS P,KUNZ L,SVOBODA M.High cycle fatigue of superalloy single crystals at high mean stress[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2004,387/389:505-510.
[12]韩国明,张振兴,李金国,等.DD98M镍基单晶高温合金900℃高周疲劳行为[J].金属学报,2012,48(2):170-175.
[13]ASTM.Annual book of ASTM standard,ASTM standard E606,vol.03.01,ASTM[M].Philadelphia,PA,1996.
[14]CHU Z K,YU J J,SUN X F,et al.High cycle fatigue behavior of a directionally solidified Ni-base superalloy DZ951[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2008(496):355-361.
[15]WAN J S,YUE Z F.A low-cycle fatigue life model of nickelbased single crystal superalloys under multiaxial stress state[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2005,392:145-149.
[16]WASSON A J,FUCHS G E.The effect of carbide morphologies on elevated temperature tensile and fatigue behavior of a modified single crystal Ni-base superalloy[C]/Superalloys.Pennsylvania,PA:TMS,2008:489-497.
[17]SHI Z X,LI J R,LIU S Z,et al.High cycle fatigue behavior of the second generation single crystal superalloy DD6[J].Transaction Nonferrous Metal Society of China,2011,21(5):998-1003.
[18]史振学,李嘉荣,刘世忠,等.第二代单晶高温合金DD6的低周疲劳行为[J].材料热处理学报,2011,32(5):41-45.
[19]LIU Y,YU J J,XU Y,et al.High cycle fatigue behavior of a single crystal superalloy at elevated temperatures[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2007,454/455:357-366.
[20]史振学,王效光,刘世忠,等.DD9单晶高温合金在800℃的高周旋弯疲劳性能[J].机械工程材料,2016,40(1):16-19.
[21]黄志伟,袁福河,王中光,等.铸造镍基高温合金M963的高温低周疲劳行为[J].金属学报,2007,43(7):678-682.
[22]ZHANG J X,MURAKUMO T,HARADA H.Creep deformation mechanisms in some modern single crystal superalloys[C]//Superalloys 2004.Pennsylvania,PA:TMS,2004:189-195.