多环芳烃生物降解及转化途径的研究进展
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摘要
多环芳烃(PAHs)作为一种持久性有机污染物,因其危害性突出备受关注,微生物降解作为一种高效的修复手段,逐渐成为环境修复领域的研究热点,综述PAHs生物降解及转化途径的国内外研究进展,以期为今后深入分析PAHs降解机理奠定理论基础。以萘(Nap)、菲(Phe)、苯并[a]芘(BaP)等典型PAHs作为研究对象,并结合微生物的生长环境,阐述好氧微生物与厌氧微生物对PAHs的生物降解和转化途径。研究表明,细菌、真菌及古菌对PAHs均有一定的降解效能,其中,细菌对PAHs降解能力优于真菌和古菌,而且可通过双加氧酶氧化过程及羧化、甲基化或羟化等还原途径实现PAHs降解。
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) are one type of persistent organic pollutants and they have been paid much attention because of the great harmfulness to environment. On the other hand, microbial degradation, as effective way of environmental remediation, is becoming a research hotspot in this area. Thus, it is of great significance to review the development of PAHs biodegradation and the corresponding transformation pathways, which is expected to lay a theoretical foundation to further analyze the mechanism. In this project, after referring to numerous documents at home and abroad, some typical PAHs like naphthalene(Nap), phenanthrene(Phe) and benzo[a]pyrene(BaP) are studied, and their biodegradation and transformation by aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms are summarized respectively in combination of the microbial growing environment. Results show that bacteria, fungi and archaea can degrade PAHs, of which bacteria have the best effect. Besides, PAHs can be removed by bacteria through the oxidation of dioxygenase, as well as some reduction processes such as carboxylation, methylation or hydroxylation.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) are one type of persistent organic pollutants and they have been paid much attention because of the great harmfulness to environment. On the other hand, microbial degradation, as effective way of environmental remediation, is becoming a research hotspot in this area. Thus, it is of great significance to review the development of PAHs biodegradation and the corresponding transformation pathways, which is expected to lay a theoretical foundation to further analyze the mechanism. In this project, after referring to numerous documents at home and abroad, some typical PAHs like naphthalene(Nap), phenanthrene(Phe) and benzo[a]pyrene(BaP) are studied, and their biodegradation and transformation by aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms are summarized respectively in combination of the microbial growing environment. Results show that bacteria, fungi and archaea can degrade PAHs, of which bacteria have the best effect. Besides, PAHs can be removed by bacteria through the oxidation of dioxygenase, as well as some reduction processes such as carboxylation, methylation or hydroxylation.
引文
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