CO_2和CF_3H抑制烟煤燃烧机理的对比试验研究
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摘要
为研究二氧化碳和三氟甲烷对烟煤燃烧的抑制机理和抑制效果,采用自主研制的煤燃烧试验装置,对平煤八矿煤样进行了通入相同体积流量CO_2和CF_3H的煤燃烧灭火试验,测定了煤燃烧过程中温度场温度、标志性气体(O_2、CO和CH_4)组分和热释放速率的变化规律;并运用化学动力学软件CHEMKIN模拟了相同体积流量CO_2和CF_3H抑制CH_4/O_2火焰中主要自由基浓度、反应物与燃烧产物浓度随火焰高度的变化关系.结果表明:相比于煤粒空气条件下燃烧,在煤有焰燃烧阶段,通入CF_3H煤燃烧火焰中主要自由基生成速率、煤温上升速度、耗氧量、热释放速率以及CO和CH_4浓度下降速度比通入CO_2煤燃烧的更低;在煤阴燃熄灭阶段,通入CF_3H煤燃烧的煤温、CO和CH_4浓度下降速度比通入CO_2煤燃烧的更高,而通入CF_3H煤燃烧的耗氧量和热释放速率比通入CO_2煤燃烧的更低;说明CF_3H比CO_2具有更好的抑制烟煤燃烧的能力.
In order to research thoroughly the mechanism and effect of CO_2 and CF_3H inhibiting bituminous coal combustion, the self-developed test device of coal combustion was used to conduct the fire-extinguishing experiment on coal combustion under the condition of importing same flux CO_2 and CF_3H for coal samples in Eight mine of Ping Dingshan coal mine, and the change laws of temperature of temperature field, index gas formation(O_2, CO and CH_4) and heat release rate obtained from the coal combustion were measured; Meanwhile, the chemical kinetic software CHEMKIN was utilized to simulate the relationship of concentration of main free radicals, reactants and combustion products with the change of flame height in the same flow rate of CO_2 and CF_3H extinguishing the flame of CH_4/O_2. The results show that: compared to the free combustion of coal, in coal flame combustion stage, the generation rate of main free radicals in the flame, coal temperature rise rate,oxygen consumption, heat release rate as well as the speed of CO and CH_4 concentration decline in coal combustion with CF_3H are more lower than that of coal combustion with CO_2; in the coal smoldering extinguishes stage, the coal temperature, the speed of CO and CH_4 concentration decline in the coal combustion with CF_3H are more higher than that of coal combustion with CO_2, but the oxygen consumption and heat release rate are more lower. It follows that CF_3H has more capacity of inhibiting bituminous coal combustion compared to CO_2.
In order to research thoroughly the mechanism and effect of CO_2 and CF_3H inhibiting bituminous coal combustion, the self-developed test device of coal combustion was used to conduct the fire-extinguishing experiment on coal combustion under the condition of importing same flux CO_2 and CF_3H for coal samples in Eight mine of Ping Dingshan coal mine, and the change laws of temperature of temperature field, index gas formation(O_2, CO and CH_4) and heat release rate obtained from the coal combustion were measured; Meanwhile, the chemical kinetic software CHEMKIN was utilized to simulate the relationship of concentration of main free radicals, reactants and combustion products with the change of flame height in the same flow rate of CO_2 and CF_3H extinguishing the flame of CH_4/O_2. The results show that: compared to the free combustion of coal, in coal flame combustion stage, the generation rate of main free radicals in the flame, coal temperature rise rate,oxygen consumption, heat release rate as well as the speed of CO and CH_4 concentration decline in coal combustion with CF_3H are more lower than that of coal combustion with CO_2; in the coal smoldering extinguishes stage, the coal temperature, the speed of CO and CH_4 concentration decline in the coal combustion with CF_3H are more higher than that of coal combustion with CO_2, but the oxygen consumption and heat release rate are more lower. It follows that CF_3H has more capacity of inhibiting bituminous coal combustion compared to CO_2.
引文
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[17]姚强,李水清,王宇,等.燃烧学导论[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2011:93-97YAO Qiang,LI Shuiqing,WANG Yu,et al.Introduction to Combustion[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2011:93-97
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[20]Katta V R,Takahashi F,Linteris G T.Fire-suppression Characteristics of CF3H in a Cup Burner[J].Combustion and Flame,2006,144(4):645-661
[2]蔡永乐.矿井防灭火技术[M].江苏:中国矿业大学出版社,2009:65-68CAI Yongle.Mine Fire Prevention and Control Technology[M].Jiangsu:China University of Mining and Technology Press,2009:65-68
[3]WANG Deming,DOU Guolan,ZHONG Xiaoxing,et al.An Experimental Approach to Selecting Chemical Inhibitors to Retard the Spontaneous Combustion of Coal[J].Fuel,2014(117):218-223
[4]李士戎.二氧化碳抑制煤炭氧化自燃性能的试验研究[D].西安:西安科技大学能源学院,2008LI Shirong.Experimental Study on Performance that Carbon Dioxide Inhibits Coal Oxidation and Spontaneous Combustion[D].Xi'an:School of Energy Resources,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,2008
[5]鲍庆国.煤自燃理论及防治技术[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2002:79-83BAO Qingguo.Theory and Prevention Technology of Coal Spontaneous Combustion[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,2002:79-83
[6]王振平,马砺,文虎,等.C02与N2抑制煤炭氧化自燃对比试验研究[J].煤矿安全,2010,40(2):10-13WANG Zhenping,MA Li,WEN Hu,et al.A Experiment Contrast Study of CO_2 and N2 Inhibited Oxidation of Spontaneous Combustion of Coal[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2010,40(2):10-13
[7]邵昊,蒋曙光,吴征艳,等.二氧化碳和氮气对煤自燃性能影响的对比试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(11):2244-2249SHAO Hao,JIANG Shuguang,WU Zhengyan,et al.Comparative Research on the Influence of Dioxide Carbon and Nitrogen on Performance of Coal Spontaneous Combustion[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(11):2244-2249
[8]徐晓楠.灭火剂与应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006:11-15XU Xiaonan.Fire Extinguishing Agent and Application[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2006:11-15
[9]周彪.三氟甲烷的动力学灭火机理及灭火过程中HF生成量的研究[D].天津:南开大学,2012ZHOU Biao.Study on the Kinetic Extinguishing Mechanism of Three Fluorine Methane and HF Generation During Fire Extinguishing[D].Tianjin:Nankai University,2012
[10]秦波涛,王德明,李增华,等.以活化能的观点研究煤炭自燃机理[J].中国安全科学学报,2005,15(1):11-13QIN Botao,WANG Deming,LI Zenghua,et al.Study on the Mechanism of Coal Dpontaneous Combustion with Activated Energy View[J].China Safety Science Journal,2005,15(1):11-13
[11]李增华,位爱竹,杨永良.煤炭自燃自由基反应的电子自旋共振实验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2006,35(5):576-580LI Zenghua,WEI Aizhu,YANG Yongliang.Research on Free Radical Reactions in Spontaneous Combustion of Coal Using an Electron Spin Resonance[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2006,35(5):576-580
[12]Kudynska J,Buckmaster H A.Low-temperature Oxidation Kinetics of High-volatile Bituminous Coal Studied by Dynamic in Situ 9 GHz C W E P R.Spectroscopy[J].Fuel,1996,75(7):872-878
[13]孙金华,王青松,纪杰,等.火焰精细结构及其传播动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:58-62SUN Jinhua,WANG Qingsong,JI Jie,et al.Flame Fine Structure and Its Propagation Dynamic.Beijing:Science Press,2011:58-62
[14]李增华,周世宁,黏性水灭火剂性能试验及灭火机理研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2003,13(9):44-46LI Zenghua,ZHOU Shining.Study on the Properties and Extinguishing Mechanism of Viscous Water Extinguishant[J].China Safety Science Journal,2003,13(9):44-46
[15]Janssens M L.Measuring Rate of Heat Release by Oxygen Consumption[J].Fire Technology,1991,27(3):234-249
[16]吴仕生,曾玺,任明威,等.含氧/蒸汽气氛中煤高温分解产物分布及反应性[J].燃料化学学报,2012,40(6):660-665WU Shisheng,ZENG Xi,REN Mingwei,et al.Product Distribution and Reactivity of Coal Pyrolysis at High Temperature and in Atmospheres Containing O_2/Steam[J].Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology,2012,40(6):660-665
[17]姚强,李水清,王宇,等.燃烧学导论[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2011:93-97YAO Qiang,LI Shuiqing,WANG Yu,et al.Introduction to Combustion[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2011:93-97
[18]Brady B B,Martin L R.Use of surface chemkin to model multiphase atmospheric chemistry[J].Atmospheric Environment,1995,29(6):715-726
[19]侯金丽,金平,蔡国飙.基于敏感性分析的氧/甲烷燃烧反应简化机理[J].航空动力学报,2012,27(7):1549-1554HOU Jinli,JIN Ping,CAI Guobiao.Reduced Mechanism for Oxygen/Methane Combustion Based on Sensitivity Analysis[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2012,27(7):1549-1554
[20]Katta V R,Takahashi F,Linteris G T.Fire-suppression Characteristics of CF3H in a Cup Burner[J].Combustion and Flame,2006,144(4):645-661