基于Curvelet-DSVD和视觉密码的强鲁棒零水印算法
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摘要
为了更好地表现自然图像的曲线特性,进一步提高数字水印算法的鲁棒性,提出一种基于Curvelet-DSVD和视觉密码相结合的强鲁棒零水印算法。对原始图像进行Arnold置乱;进行Curvelet变换得到低频域信息,对低频域信息进行分块并对各个块进行双奇异值分解(DSVD),利用块最大奇异值与整体奇异值均值之间的关系构造特征矩阵,同时利用视觉密码将水印信息生成两个共享份;最后将其中一个共享份进行Arnold置乱后与特征矩阵进行异或运算生成零水印。实验结果表明,该算法能够有效地抵抗常规攻击,与现有的零水印算法相比,鲁棒性更强,安全性更高。
In order to better perform the characteristics of natural image curves and further improve the robustness of digital watermarking algorithms,this paper proposed a robust zero-watermarking algorithm based on Curvelet-DSVD and visual cryptography. Firstly,it performed Arnold scrambling on the original image,then obtained the low frequency domain information by Curvelet transform,segmented the low frequency domain information,and each block was double singular value decomposition(DSVD),by using the relationship between the maximum singular value of the block and the mean value of the global singular value structuring characteristic matrix. At the same time,this paper used the visual cryptography to generate two shared copies of the watermark information. Finally,it executed one of the shares to Arnold scramble and then xor operation with the feature matrix to generate a zero-watermark. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively resist the conventional attacks and is more robust and more secure than the existing zero-watermarking algorithms.
In order to better perform the characteristics of natural image curves and further improve the robustness of digital watermarking algorithms,this paper proposed a robust zero-watermarking algorithm based on Curvelet-DSVD and visual cryptography. Firstly,it performed Arnold scrambling on the original image,then obtained the low frequency domain information by Curvelet transform,segmented the low frequency domain information,and each block was double singular value decomposition(DSVD),by using the relationship between the maximum singular value of the block and the mean value of the global singular value structuring characteristic matrix. At the same time,this paper used the visual cryptography to generate two shared copies of the watermark information. Finally,it executed one of the shares to Arnold scramble and then xor operation with the feature matrix to generate a zero-watermark. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively resist the conventional attacks and is more robust and more secure than the existing zero-watermarking algorithms.
引文
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[7] Zhang Li,Cai Peng,Tian Xiaolin,et al. A novel zero-watermarking algorithm based on DWT and edge detection[C]//Proc of International Congress on Image and Signal Processing. Piscataway,NJ:IEEE Press,2011:1016-1020.
[8]赵杰.基于DCT均值的图像零水印算法[J].系统仿真技术,2015,11(4):304-306.(Zhao Jie. Zero image watermarking algorithm based on mean value of discrete cosine transform[J]. System Simulation Technology,2015,11(4):304-306.)
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[10]曲长波,李栋栋.基于视觉密码和边缘检测的零水印算法[J].计算机应用与软件,2016,33(9):328-333.(Qu Changbo,Li Dongdong. Zero watermarking algorithm based on visual cryptography and edge detection[J]. Computer Applications and Software,2016,33(9):328-333.)
[11]肖振久,张晗,陈虹,等.增强奇异值分解和细胞神经网络的零水印[J].中国图象图形学报,2017,22(3):288-296.(Xiao Zhenjiu,Zhang Han,Chen Hong,et al. Zero-watermarking based on boost normed singular value decomposition and cellular neural network[J]. Journal of Image and Graphics,2017,22(3):288-296.)
[12]汪太月,李宏伟,李志明.基于Curvelet变换的数字水印算法[J].数学的实践与认识,2012,42(17):124-128.(Wang Taiyue,Li Hongwei,Li Zhiming. A digital watermarking algorithm based on curvelet transform[J]. Mathematics In Practice And Theory,2012,42(17):124-128.)
[13]何冰.基于SVD和Radon变换的抗旋转攻击盲水印算法[J].计算机工程与应用,2012,48(20):200-205.(He Bing. Blind watermarking algorithm against rotation attack based on SVD and radon transform[J]. Computer Engineering and Applications,2012,48(20):200-205.)
[14]Srilakshmi P,Himabindu C. Image watermarking with path based selection using DWT&SVD[C]//Proc of International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing Research. Piscataway,NJ:IEEE Press,2016:1-5.
[15]Ashutosh,Sen S D. Visual cryptography[C]//Proc of International Conference on Advanced Computer Theory and Engineering. Piscataway,NJ:IEEE Press,2008:805-807.
[16]曲长波,杨晓陶,袁铎宁.小波域视觉密码零水印算法[J].中国图象图形学报,2014,19(3):365-372.(Qu Changbo,Yang Xiaotao,Yuan Duoning. Zero-watermarking visual cryptography algorithm in the wavelet domain[J]. Journal of Image and Graphics,2014,19(3):365-372.)
[2]吴伟民,丁冉,林志毅,等.基于混沌的医学图像窜改定位零水印算法[J].计算机应用研究,2014,31(12):3685-3688.(Wu Weimin,Ding Ran,Lin Zhiyi,et al. Chaos-based zero-bit watermarking scheme for medical image temper location[J]. Application Research of Computers,2014,31(12):3685-3688.)
[3] Rao Y R,Nagabhooshanam E. A novel image zero-watermarking scheme based on DWT-BN-SVD[C]//Proc of International Conference on Information Communication and Embedded Systems. Piscataway,NJ:IEEE Press,2014:1-6.
[4] Rani A,Bhullar A K,Dangwal D,et al. A zero-watermarking scheme using discrete wavelet transform[J]. Procedia Computer Science,2015,70(12):603-609.
[5] Liu Peili,Tan Yuehui. Robust zero-watermarking algorithm based on invariant centroid[C]//Proc of International Conference on Computational and Information Sciences. Piscataway, NJ:IEEE Press,2013:758-761.
[6]陈伟琦,李倩.基于DWT-SVD的图像双零水印算法[J].计算机工程与科学,2014,36(10):1991-1996.(Chen Weiqi,Li Qian. A DWT-SVD based double-zero-watermarking algorithm[J].Computer Engineering&Science,2014,36(10):1991-1996.)
[7] Zhang Li,Cai Peng,Tian Xiaolin,et al. A novel zero-watermarking algorithm based on DWT and edge detection[C]//Proc of International Congress on Image and Signal Processing. Piscataway,NJ:IEEE Press,2011:1016-1020.
[8]赵杰.基于DCT均值的图像零水印算法[J].系统仿真技术,2015,11(4):304-306.(Zhao Jie. Zero image watermarking algorithm based on mean value of discrete cosine transform[J]. System Simulation Technology,2015,11(4):304-306.)
[9]曾文权,熊祥光.基于整数小波变换的鲁棒零水印算法[J].微电子学与计算机,2016,33(4):97-101.(Zeng Wenquan,Xiong Xiangguang. Robust zero watermarking algorithm based on integer wavelet transform[J]. Microelectronics&Computer,2016,33(4):97-101.)
[10]曲长波,李栋栋.基于视觉密码和边缘检测的零水印算法[J].计算机应用与软件,2016,33(9):328-333.(Qu Changbo,Li Dongdong. Zero watermarking algorithm based on visual cryptography and edge detection[J]. Computer Applications and Software,2016,33(9):328-333.)
[11]肖振久,张晗,陈虹,等.增强奇异值分解和细胞神经网络的零水印[J].中国图象图形学报,2017,22(3):288-296.(Xiao Zhenjiu,Zhang Han,Chen Hong,et al. Zero-watermarking based on boost normed singular value decomposition and cellular neural network[J]. Journal of Image and Graphics,2017,22(3):288-296.)
[12]汪太月,李宏伟,李志明.基于Curvelet变换的数字水印算法[J].数学的实践与认识,2012,42(17):124-128.(Wang Taiyue,Li Hongwei,Li Zhiming. A digital watermarking algorithm based on curvelet transform[J]. Mathematics In Practice And Theory,2012,42(17):124-128.)
[13]何冰.基于SVD和Radon变换的抗旋转攻击盲水印算法[J].计算机工程与应用,2012,48(20):200-205.(He Bing. Blind watermarking algorithm against rotation attack based on SVD and radon transform[J]. Computer Engineering and Applications,2012,48(20):200-205.)
[14]Srilakshmi P,Himabindu C. Image watermarking with path based selection using DWT&SVD[C]//Proc of International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing Research. Piscataway,NJ:IEEE Press,2016:1-5.
[15]Ashutosh,Sen S D. Visual cryptography[C]//Proc of International Conference on Advanced Computer Theory and Engineering. Piscataway,NJ:IEEE Press,2008:805-807.
[16]曲长波,杨晓陶,袁铎宁.小波域视觉密码零水印算法[J].中国图象图形学报,2014,19(3):365-372.(Qu Changbo,Yang Xiaotao,Yuan Duoning. Zero-watermarking visual cryptography algorithm in the wavelet domain[J]. Journal of Image and Graphics,2014,19(3):365-372.)