2018年4月成都地区两次寒潮天气过程对比分析
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摘要
本研究利用常规地面观测资料、探空资料和NCEP资料对2018年影响成都地区的两次寒潮天气过程进行对比分析,研究结果表明:两次寒潮均是在前期强烈升温基础上,冷空气向南侵袭造成的;两次过程中高纬环流形势均表现为"两槽一脊"型.过程I有横槽转竖现象,地面冷高压先分裂后整体南下,冷空气南下速度快,持续时间短,气温骤降,局地降雨强度大,普遍出现6～8级瞬时大风.过程II是由南支槽和850hPa东北回流共同造成,地面冷高压分裂南下,冷空气南下速度慢,持续时间长,但日降温幅度较小,平均风力较大,降水持续时间更长.
Based on the routine surface observation, sounding data and the NCEP, two cold waves occurred in 2018 in Chengdu have comparatively been analyzed. The results show that the twice waves are based on the warming strongly in the previous period, and the cold air breaks out southward. The circulation patterns show two through and a ridge at middle and high latitudes. The process I has the phenomenon of transverse trough switch zonal, the surface cold high pressure first split after the whole south, the cold air moved down south quickly and continued for a short time, the temperature dropped suddenly, the local rainfall intensity was great, and the 6-8 level instantaneous wind was generally appeared. The process II was caused by the Indian-Myanmar trough and the northeasterly return from 850 hPa. The surface cold high pressure split south, the cold air moved down South slowly and continued for a long time. But the range of daily drop in temperature was small, the average wind was larger and the precipitation lasted longer.
Based on the routine surface observation, sounding data and the NCEP, two cold waves occurred in 2018 in Chengdu have comparatively been analyzed. The results show that the twice waves are based on the warming strongly in the previous period, and the cold air breaks out southward. The circulation patterns show two through and a ridge at middle and high latitudes. The process I has the phenomenon of transverse trough switch zonal, the surface cold high pressure first split after the whole south, the cold air moved down south quickly and continued for a short time, the temperature dropped suddenly, the local rainfall intensity was great, and the 6-8 level instantaneous wind was generally appeared. The process II was caused by the Indian-Myanmar trough and the northeasterly return from 850 hPa. The surface cold high pressure split south, the cold air moved down South slowly and continued for a long time. But the range of daily drop in temperature was small, the average wind was larger and the precipitation lasted longer.
引文
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[2] 康志明, 金荣花, 鲍媛媛. 1951-2006年期间我国寒潮活动特征分析 [J]. 高原气象, 2010, 29(2): 420-428.
[3] 陈豫英, 陈楠, 邵建, 等. 2008年12月两次寒潮天气对比分析 [J]. 气象, 2009, 35(11): 29-38.
[4] 万瑜, 曹兴, 窦新英, 等. 中天山北坡春季寒潮型暴雪致灾成因分析 [J]. 干旱区地理, 2015, 38(3): 478-486.
[5] 马严枝, 李娟, 李新生, 等. 2016年春运期间一次寒潮天气过程诊断分析 [J]. 中国农学通报, 2017, 33(18): 94-102.
[6] 高振荣, 刘晓云, 田庆明, 等. 甘肃河西地区一次强寒潮天气个例诊断分析 [J]. 干旱气象, 2009, 27(1): 34-39.
[7] 康岚, 顾清源, 蔡新玲. “2003. 3. 4”强寒潮天气过程分析 [J]. 四川气象, 2004, 24(4): 4-6, 15.
[8] 牛若芸, 乔林, 陈涛, 等. 2008年12月2—6日寒潮天气过程分析 [J]. 气象, 2009, 35(12): 74-82.
[9] 四川省气象局. 四川天气预报员手册 [M]. 成都: 西南交通大学出版社, 2014: 216.
[10] 李向红, 廖慕科, 熊英明, 等. 影响广西的三次寒潮过程对比研究 [J]. 气象科学, 2011, 31(2): 228-235.
[11] 邓国卫, 孙俊, 王敏. 2011年3月川西高原一次区域暴雪过程分析 [J]. 西南师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 43(9): 115-122.
[12] 杨小波, 马振锋, 杨淑群. 1月四川盆地不同气候型的环流特征 [J]. 西南大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 39(1): 132-140.