山区公路曲线路段汽车轨迹模式与切弯行为
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摘要
为了明确山区公路曲线路段上的汽车轨迹形态和驾驶风格,使用小客车在山区复杂线形公路上开展了实车驾驶实验.记录了自然驾驶状态下男性驾驶人的行驶轨迹,分析了行驶轨迹相对于行车道中线的横向偏移特性,运用聚类方法识别了曲线路段的轨迹行为模式.结果发现:根据轨迹横向偏移率的聚类结果,山区公路曲线路段有6种轨迹模式,具有明显的多样性特征;切弯是曲线路段占主导的过弯方式,按照切弯点位置以及前后的轨迹形态,切弯又可进一步细分为多种类型;行驶轨迹的横向偏移导致了车道偏离,其中非预期偏离由于存在较高的事故风险,应进行防范和控制;平曲线半径越小,切弯效应越大,事故风险可控,驾驶人越倾向于采用切弯方式来通过弯道,曲线路段是否发生切弯行为的临界半径值为200 m.
To specify the track patterns and driving styles on curved section of mountain roads, the field driving test using passenger cars was conduced, natural driving data of vehicle track of male drivers on mountain roads with complex alignment were recored, the lateral deviation characteristics of track were analyzed, and the track patterns on curved sections by the clustering method were recognized. The results show that six track patterns are identified for the curved sections of mountain roads according to the clustering results of lateral deviation rate curves, i.e., pattern diversity existing in track behavior. Curve-cutting is a dominant bend negotiating mode. According to the location of the cutting point and the track shape nearby cutting point, more types can be identified for curve-cutting behavior. The lateral deviation in track leads to lane deviation. non-expected deviation should be prevented and controlled due to its high accident risk. A sharper curve can produce a greater benefit from curve-cutting behavior and a more controllable accident risk, so curve-cutting would be more preferred by drivers; otherwise, the cutting utility weakens and the risk of accidents increases. The threshold of curve radius whether cutting occurring is 200 m.
To specify the track patterns and driving styles on curved section of mountain roads, the field driving test using passenger cars was conduced, natural driving data of vehicle track of male drivers on mountain roads with complex alignment were recored, the lateral deviation characteristics of track were analyzed, and the track patterns on curved sections by the clustering method were recognized. The results show that six track patterns are identified for the curved sections of mountain roads according to the clustering results of lateral deviation rate curves, i.e., pattern diversity existing in track behavior. Curve-cutting is a dominant bend negotiating mode. According to the location of the cutting point and the track shape nearby cutting point, more types can be identified for curve-cutting behavior. The lateral deviation in track leads to lane deviation. non-expected deviation should be prevented and controlled due to its high accident risk. A sharper curve can produce a greater benefit from curve-cutting behavior and a more controllable accident risk, so curve-cutting would be more preferred by drivers; otherwise, the cutting utility weakens and the risk of accidents increases. The threshold of curve radius whether cutting occurring is 200 m.
引文
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[13] 林雨, 杨轸, 潘晓东. 缓和曲线长度对车辆行驶轨迹的影响[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2011, 46(2): 200-204. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2011.02.004.Lin Y, Yang Z, Pan X D. Effect of spiral transition curve length on vehicle path[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2011, 46(2): 200-204. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2011.02.004.(in Chinese)
[14] 徐进, 罗骁, 张凯, 等. 基于自然驾驶试验的山区公路汽车行驶轨迹特性研究[J]. 中国公路学报, 2016, 29(7): 38-51. DOI:10.19721/j.cnki.1001-7372.2016.07.006.Xu J, Luo X, Zhang K, et al. Investigation on characteristics of vehicle travelling tracks on mountain highways based on natural driving tests[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2016, 29(7): 38-51. DOI:10.19721/j.cnki.1001-7372.2016.07.006.(in Chinese)
[15] 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司. 复杂公路(道路)空间三维路面模型解析计算软件:中国, 2014SR016015 [P].2014-02-10.
[2] Hickey A J, Weegar K, Kadulina Y, et al. The impact of subclinical sleep problems on self-reported driving patterns and perceived driving abilities in a cohort of active older drivers[J]. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2013, 61: 296-303. DOI:10.1016/j.aap.2013.02.032.
[3] Suzdaleva E, Nagy I. An online estimation of driving style using data-dependent pointer model[J]. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 2018, 86: 23-36. DOI:10.1016/j.trc.2017.11.001.
[4] Braun A, Rid W. Assessing driving pattern factors for the specific energy use of electric vehicles: A factor analysis approach from case study data of the Mitsubishi i-MiEV minicar[J]. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2018, 58: 225-238. DOI:10.1016/j.trd.2017.11.011.
[5] Bella F. Driver perception of roadside configurations on two-lane rural roads: Effects on speed and lateral placement[J]. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2013, 50: 251-262. DOI:10.1016/j.aap.2012.04.015.
[6] Rosey F, Auberlet J M. Trajectory variability: Road geometry difficulty indicator[J]. Safety Science, 2012, 50(9): 1818-1828. DOI:10.1016/j.ssci.2012.04.003.
[7] Spacek P. Track behavior in curve areas: Attempt at typology[J]. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 2005, 131(9): 669-676. DOI:10.1061/(asce)0733-947x(2005)131:9(669).
[8] 林慧, 郭建钢, 陈金山, 等. 双车道山区公路反向连续弯道危险区域研究[J]. 中国安全科学学报, 2017, 27(8): 138-143. DOI:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2017.08.024.Lin H, Guo J G, Chen J S, et al. Identification of dangerous sections of reverse continuous curve of two-lane mountain highway[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2017, 27(8): 138-143. DOI:10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2017.08.024.(in Chinese)]
[9] 任园园. 公路弯道路段行车危险区域及驾驶行为模型研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2011.Ren Y Y. Reserch on driving dangerous area and driving behavior model in road curved section[D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2011.(in Chinese)
[10] 王忠宇, 贺文雅, 杨航, 等. 基于轨迹数据的高速公路养护维修作业区车辆换道特性研究[J]. 东南大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 48(4): 745-751. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-0505.2018.04.022.Wang Z Y, He W Y, Yang H, et al. Lane changing performance study of freeway maintenance work zones based on vehicle trajectory data[J]. Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition), 2018, 48(4): 745-751. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-0505.2018.04.022.(in Chinese)
[11] 王志聪. 山区低等级公路同向连续弯道车辆行驶轨迹研究[D]. 福州: 福建农林大学, 2017.Wang Z C. Study on the driving trajectory of continuous curve of low grade highway in mountain area[D]. Fuzhou: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 2017.(in Chinese)
[12] 彭其渊, 徐进, 罗庆, 等. 公路平曲线参数对车辆轨迹和速度的影响规律[J]. 同济大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 40(1): 45-50. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0253-374x.2012.01.008.Peng Q Y, Xu J, Luo Q, et al. Effect of horizontal curves design on track and speed of passenger car[J]. Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science), 2012, 40(1): 45-50. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0253-374x.2012.01.008.(in Chinese)
[13] 林雨, 杨轸, 潘晓东. 缓和曲线长度对车辆行驶轨迹的影响[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2011, 46(2): 200-204. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2011.02.004.Lin Y, Yang Z, Pan X D. Effect of spiral transition curve length on vehicle path[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2011, 46(2): 200-204. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2011.02.004.(in Chinese)
[14] 徐进, 罗骁, 张凯, 等. 基于自然驾驶试验的山区公路汽车行驶轨迹特性研究[J]. 中国公路学报, 2016, 29(7): 38-51. DOI:10.19721/j.cnki.1001-7372.2016.07.006.Xu J, Luo X, Zhang K, et al. Investigation on characteristics of vehicle travelling tracks on mountain highways based on natural driving tests[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2016, 29(7): 38-51. DOI:10.19721/j.cnki.1001-7372.2016.07.006.(in Chinese)
[15] 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司. 复杂公路(道路)空间三维路面模型解析计算软件:中国, 2014SR016015 [P].2014-02-10.