甘肃天水红旗山黄土滑坡群成因及稳定性分析
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摘要
天水市位于西秦岭北缘断裂带,区内活动断裂发育,历史上强震频发,诱发了大量黄土滑坡。基于对天水市北山地震滑坡群的野外调查,研究了地震滑坡变形破坏特征;以红旗山滑坡群为典型案例,结合室内测试结果,剖析了红旗山滑坡的变形破坏机制;利用FLAC3D模拟分析了现今红旗山滑坡的稳定性。研究结果表明:天水北山滑坡群由地震作用诱发;红旗山滑坡包含两个主滑动带,历史上经历了3期以上变形活动,演化过程复杂,属地震-降雨耦合型滑坡。现今红旗山滑坡体在天然状态下相对稳定,如遇强震作用将造成坡体内部塑性区贯通,斜坡顶部岩土体将发生滑移。这一研究成果可为潜在强震区地震滑坡的变形机理及防灾减灾提供依据。
Tianshui is located in the faulted zone at the northern edge of the West Qinling Mountain. The active faults in the area are well developed. According to historical record, the earthquakes used to happen frequently. A large number of loess landslides have been induced in this area. Based on field investigation of the north mountains landslide group in Tianshui, the authors studied the deformation and failure characteristics of the earthquake landslide. Taking Hongqishan landslide as a typical case, combined with laboratory test results, the authors analyzed deformation mechanism of Hongqishan landslide, and then applied FLAC~(3D) to simulate the stability of Hongqishan landslide. The results show that the north mountain landslide group in Tianshui is induced by earthquake action; Hongqishan landslide contains two main slip belts, and it has experienced more than 3 deformation activities in history. Itsevolution process is complicated and belongs to earthquake-rainfall coupled landslide; Nowadays, the Hongqishan landslide is relatively stable under the natural condition. If a strong earthquake occurs, it will cause a breakthrough of the plastic zone inside the slope, and the soil on the top of the slope will slip. The research results can provide a basis for the deformation mechanism and disaster prevention of the earthquake landslide in the potential strong earthquake area.
Tianshui is located in the faulted zone at the northern edge of the West Qinling Mountain. The active faults in the area are well developed. According to historical record, the earthquakes used to happen frequently. A large number of loess landslides have been induced in this area. Based on field investigation of the north mountains landslide group in Tianshui, the authors studied the deformation and failure characteristics of the earthquake landslide. Taking Hongqishan landslide as a typical case, combined with laboratory test results, the authors analyzed deformation mechanism of Hongqishan landslide, and then applied FLAC~(3D) to simulate the stability of Hongqishan landslide. The results show that the north mountain landslide group in Tianshui is induced by earthquake action; Hongqishan landslide contains two main slip belts, and it has experienced more than 3 deformation activities in history. Itsevolution process is complicated and belongs to earthquake-rainfall coupled landslide; Nowadays, the Hongqishan landslide is relatively stable under the natural condition. If a strong earthquake occurs, it will cause a breakthrough of the plastic zone inside the slope, and the soil on the top of the slope will slip. The research results can provide a basis for the deformation mechanism and disaster prevention of the earthquake landslide in the potential strong earthquake area.
引文
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Cheng Yuxiang,Zhang Jun,Du Dongju.2007.Study on neotectonic movement features in Tianshui area[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,15(4):549-554(in Chinese with English abstract).
Lei Zhongsheng,Yuan Daoyang,Ge Weipeng,He Wengui,Liu Xingwang.2007.Textual research on the Tianshui IM7 earthquake in 734AD and analysis of its causative structure[J].Seismology and Geology,29(1):51-61(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li Ruie,Xu Haoming,Wang Juanjuan.2009.Characters of sliding soi of the loess landslide:A case study from Jiaoshuwan,Tianshui[J]Coal Geology&Exploration,37(1):43-47(in Chinese with English abstract).
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Li Chuanyou,Zhang Peizhen,Yuan Daoyang,Wang Zhicai,Zheng Dewen.2010.Sedimentary characteristics of sag-pond on the active strike slip fault and its tectonic implications:An example from sag-pond along the West Qinling fault[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,84(1):90-105(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Shengwei,Guo Dahai,Chen Weitao,Zheng Xiongwei,Wang Shengyao,Li Xianju.2012.The application of airborne lidar technology in landslide investigation and monitoring of three gorges reservoir area[J].Geology in China,39(2):507-517(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ma Ming,Wang Jun,Li Wei,Zhou Jie,Ding Xinpin.2014Identification of potential landslide slippery surface morphology based on displacement monitoring date[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,10(6):1455-1461(in Chinese with English abstract).
Kong Jiming,Han Peifeng,Zhang Yin.2013.Potential landslide discrimination model based on information of earth multi-sensor net[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,35(1):97-102(in Chinese with English abstract).
Mao Yanlong,Hu Guangtao,Zhao Fasuo,Mao Xinhu.1998Mechanics of the landslide sliding caused by seismic[J].Journal of Xi’An Engineering University,20(4):45-48(in Chinese with English abstract).
Qi Shengwen,Wu Faquan,Liu Chunling,Ding Yanhui.2004Engineering geology analysis on stability of slope under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,23(16):2792-2797(in Chinese with English abstract).
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Qiao Yanxiao,Ma Zhongshe,Lv Fengjun.2009.Characteristics and dynamic cause mechanism of the Wenchuan earthquake geologica hazards[J].Geology in China,36(3):736-741(in Chinese with English abstract).
Sun Chongshao,Cai Guowei.1997.Developing and distributing characteristics of collapses and landslides during stronghistoric earthquake in China[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,6(1):25-30(in Chinese with English abstract).
Teng Ruizeng,Jin Yaoquan,Li Xihou,Su Xiangzhou.1994.Recent activity characteristics of the fault zone at northern edge of western Qinling MT.[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,16(2):85-90(in Chinese with English abstract).
Tian You,Yang Weimin,Liu Ting,Li Hao,Cheng Xiaojie.2015.Deformation mechanism and evolutionary process of the Tianshui forging machine plant landslide in Gansu[J].Journal of Geomechanics,21(2):298-307(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Jiading,Zhang Zhuoyuan.1999.A study on the mechanism of high-speed loess landslide induced by the earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,21(6):670-674(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Nai,Wang Lanmin.2013.Characteristics and influencing factors of seismic loess slopes in valley areas[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,35(Supp.1):434-438(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wu Weijiang,He Qiong,Cheng Jianxiang.Wang Xinglin,Li Shengyong.1993.Development law of landslide in east part of Ganus province[J].The Chinese Jouranal of Geological Hazard and Control,4(3):89-95(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wu Weijiang,Wang Nianqin.2002.Basic types and active features of loess landslide[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,13(2):36-40(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wu Weijiang.2003.Landslide and debris flow hazard in city of Tianshui[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,5:75-78(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xia Min,Ren Guangming,Guo Yasha,Lv Shengdi,Liu Rongqing.2010.FLAC3Dnumerical simulation of recurrence mechanism of landslide under earthquake loading[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,18(3):305-311(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xiong Haixian,Huang Guangqing,Gong Qinghua,Yuan Shaoxiong,Chen Bo,Zhang Dongliang.2015.A review on application of digital terrain analysis in landslide researches[J].Tropical Georaphy,35(1):139-146(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xin Cunlin,Yang Guolin,Zhao Zhipeng,Sun Xianhui,Ma Weiyun,Li Hongru.2012.Geo-hazard types and causes analysis in Tianshui Beishan[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,23(2):89-95(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xu Qiang,Dong Xiujun.2011.Genetic types of large-scale landslides induced by Wenchuan earthquake[J].Earth Science--Journal of China University of Geosciences,36(6):1134-1142(in Chinese with English abstract).
Xue Zhenyong,Hou Shuyun.1991.The geological hazard induced by human activity--The landside in Tianshui forging&pressing machine tool factory[J].The Chinese Jouranal of Geological Hazard and Control,2(4):52-60(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yan Echuan,Liu Hanchao,Tang Huiming.2003.Experimental study on the dynamic properties of soil in slide zone of landslide[J]Journal of Engineering Geology,11(3):318-322(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Lirong,Yue Leping,Wang Hongliang,Zhang Rui,Guo Huaijun Zhu Xiaohui,Zhang Yunxiang,Gong Hujun.2016.Quaternary stratigraphic realm and sedimentary sequence of the Qilian mountain and adjacent areas[J].Geology in China,43(2):1041-1054(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yuan Daoyang,Lei Zhongsheng,Ge Weipeng,Liu Xingwang,Liu Baichi,Zhang Junling.2007.A new opinion about the west of Gangu M7.0 earthquake in 154 A.D.in Gansu Province[J]Northwestern Seismological Journal,29(1):58-63(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zeng Youjiang.2015.Present situation and prospect of loess landslide[J].Ground Water,37(1):221-223(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Maosheng,Li Tonglu.2011.Triggering factors and forming mechanism of loess landslides[J].Journal of Engineering Geology19(4):530-540(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Shuai,Sun Ping,Shao Tiequan,Shi Jusong,Meng Jing,Hu Qiuyun,Wang Tao.2016.Earthquake-Triggered landslides in Tianshui loess hilly region,Gansu Province,China[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,24(4):519-526(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhu Lei,Wang Xiaoqun.2013.Physical modeling and numerica simulation of deformation and failure process of large rockslide in earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,21(2):228-235(in Chinese with English abstract).
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