贵州省35种常见禾本科饲用植物营养成分研究
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摘要
为了探索贵州常见禾本科饲用植物营养成分,采用野外调查与取样分析方法对禾本科35个种进行研究。结果表明:贵州省禾本科牧草以多年生植物为主,有28种,一年生7种,分别占80%和20%;除毛竹外,全部为草本植物。贵州禾本科牧草营养较丰富,粗蛋白含量平均为9.16%,最高的是早熟禾(Poa annua L.)和金色狗尾草(Setaria glauca L.);粗脂肪含量平均为2.17%,最高的是青香茅[Cymbopogon caesius(Nees ex Hook.et Arn.)Stapf]和毛竹(Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel ex H.de Leh.);粗纤维含量平均为38.41%,最低的是拂子茅(Calamagrostis epigeios Linn.)、早熟禾和鸭茅(Dactylis glomerata L.);钙含量平均为0.92%,最高的是双穗雀稗[Paspalum paspaloides(Michx.)Scribn.]和棒头草(Polypogon fugax Nees ex Steud.);磷含量平均为0.17%,最高的是竹节草[Chrysopogon aciculatus(Retz.)Trin.];粗灰分平均为8.62%,最高的狗尾草(Setaria viridis L.)、双穗雀稗(P<0.01)。
Guizhou Province is rich in Gramineae forage plants,has great development potential. 35 species of Gramineae plants had been analyzed with the methods of three-year field investigation and sampling,the results showed that,there were 28 perennial and 7 annual herbs in Gramineae and the perennials was dominant in Guizhou. The average value of crude protein was 9. 16%,and Poa annua and Setaria glauca had the higher value than others; the average content of crude fat was 2. 17%,and the values of Cymbopogon caesius and Phyllostachys pubescens were higher; mean of crude fiber was 38. 41%,the lower values were from Calamagrostis epigeios,Poa annua and Dactylis glomerata; average calcium level was 0. 92%,the higher species were Paspalum paspaloides and Polypogon fugax; phosphorus content averaged 0. 17%,the value of Chrysopogon aciculatus is the highest; mean crude ash content was 8. 62%,the value of Setaria viridis and Paspalum paspaloides were higher than others( P <0. 01)
Guizhou Province is rich in Gramineae forage plants,has great development potential. 35 species of Gramineae plants had been analyzed with the methods of three-year field investigation and sampling,the results showed that,there were 28 perennial and 7 annual herbs in Gramineae and the perennials was dominant in Guizhou. The average value of crude protein was 9. 16%,and Poa annua and Setaria glauca had the higher value than others; the average content of crude fat was 2. 17%,and the values of Cymbopogon caesius and Phyllostachys pubescens were higher; mean of crude fiber was 38. 41%,the lower values were from Calamagrostis epigeios,Poa annua and Dactylis glomerata; average calcium level was 0. 92%,the higher species were Paspalum paspaloides and Polypogon fugax; phosphorus content averaged 0. 17%,the value of Chrysopogon aciculatus is the highest; mean crude ash content was 8. 62%,the value of Setaria viridis and Paspalum paspaloides were higher than others( P <0. 01)
引文
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[2]陈默君,贾慎修.中国饲用植物[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001.
[3]高宏岩,施海燕,王剑红,等.甘肃禾本科饲用植物11个属的牧草质量分析[J].草业学报,2008,17(1):140-144.
[4]裴彩霞,董宽虎,范华.不同刈割期和干燥方法对牧草营养成分含量的影响[J].草业学报,2002,24(1):32-37.
[5]乌云高娃,吴艳玲,余红梅,等.内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区6种禾本科牧草营养成分分析[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2017,38(2):50-52.
[6]贵州省农业厅,中国科学院南京土壤研究所.贵州土壤[M].贵阳:贵州人民出版社,1980.
[7]《贵州植物志》编委会.贵州植物志[M].成都:四川民族出版社,1988.
[8]贵州省农业厅畜牧局,国家自然资源综合考察委员会.贵州草地[M].贵阳:贵州人民出版社,1987.
[9]贵州省畜牧兽医科学研究所,贵州省农业厅畜牧局.贵州主要野生牧草图谱[M].贵阳:贵州人民出版社,1986.
[10]杨胜.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:农业出版社,1991.
[11]汪梦萍.饲料营养成分分析[M].武汉:华中农业大学出版社,1999.
[12]王元素,罗京焰,李莉.贵州饲用植物彩色图谱[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2015.
[13]袁福锦,钟声,吴文荣,等.香格里拉县亚高山草甸饲用植物资源调查[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016(4上):129-132.
[14]陈玲玲,乌艳红,杨秀芳.禾本科饲料作物营养价值比较研究[J].饲料研究,2012,(7):83-84.
[15]邢虎成,揭雨成,康万利,等.禾本科79份牧草种质资源植物学性状观察及营养成分分析[C].2009中国草原发展论坛论文集,北京:中国农业出版社,2009,474-483.
[16]王元素.贵州草地畜牧业技术[M].贵阳:贵州科技出版社,2015.