多花黑麦草引进种质与产草量相关形态性状的变异分析
|
摘要
对来源于国外的30份多花黑麦草种质与产草量相关的10个形态性状进行表型变异分析、简单相关分析、主成分分析和聚类分析,结果表明:各性状均表现出较高的变异系数和极高的多样性指数,其中,单株鲜重和分蘖数变异系数最高,拉伸株高和倒二叶宽多样性指数最高。主成分分析显示,前3个主成分累计贡献率为72.2%,第1主成分以旗叶宽、倒二叶宽和茎粗为主要特征;第2主成分以鲜重、节间长和拉伸株高为主要特征;第3主成分以旗叶长和倒二叶长为主要特征。聚类分析表明,30份种质可划分为4个类群,各类群在单株鲜重和株高等性状上差异显著,其中类群Ⅰ的4份材料具有单株鲜重高、分蘖多、植株高大、叶片细长等特征,从中筛选产草量较高的优良品系或亲本的潜力较大。
We investigated the use of phenotypic variation analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis for ten morphological traits related to forage yield in thirty lines of annual ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)which introduced from abroad.The results showed all the traits had high variation coefficient and diversity index.The variation coefficients of fresh weight and tiller number were the highest,and the diversity index of plant height and top second leaf width was the highest.The principal component analysis showed the accumulative contribution rate of the first three major factors comes to 72.2 percent.The first principal component mainly reflects flag leaf width,top second leaf width and stem diameter,while the second component reflects fresh weight,internode length and plant height,and the third component reflects length of flag and top second leaf.Cluster analysis showed that the 30 accessions could be divided into 4 groups,which showed significant difference in the traits of fresh weight per plant and plant height,among which the 4 lines of groupⅠhad the characteristics of higher fresh weight per plant,more tillers,taller plant and slender leaves,which can be use as a new strains and hybrid parents.
We investigated the use of phenotypic variation analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis for ten morphological traits related to forage yield in thirty lines of annual ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)which introduced from abroad.The results showed all the traits had high variation coefficient and diversity index.The variation coefficients of fresh weight and tiller number were the highest,and the diversity index of plant height and top second leaf width was the highest.The principal component analysis showed the accumulative contribution rate of the first three major factors comes to 72.2 percent.The first principal component mainly reflects flag leaf width,top second leaf width and stem diameter,while the second component reflects fresh weight,internode length and plant height,and the third component reflects length of flag and top second leaf.Cluster analysis showed that the 30 accessions could be divided into 4 groups,which showed significant difference in the traits of fresh weight per plant and plant height,among which the 4 lines of groupⅠhad the characteristics of higher fresh weight per plant,more tillers,taller plant and slender leaves,which can be use as a new strains and hybrid parents.
引文
[1]孙铭,符开欣,范彦,等.15份多花黑麦草优良引进种质的表型变异分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2016,17(4):655-662.Sum Ming,Fu Kaixin,Fan Yan,et al.Analysis of phenotypic variations in 15introduced elite germplasm of Lolium multiflorum Lam[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2016,17(4):655-662.
[2]李向林,万里强,何峰.南方草地农业潜力及其食物安全意义[J].科技导报,2007,25(9):9-15.Li Xianglin,Wan Liqiang,He Feng.Potential of grassland agriculture in southern China and its significance to food security[J].Science&Technology Review,2007,25(9):9-15.
[3]陈三有.广东省冬种黑麦草的现状及发展对策[J].中国草地,1997,19(6):58-61.Chen Sanyou.Present situation and future development of winter ryegrass in Guangdong province[J].Grassland of China,1997,19(6):58-61.
[4]王绍飞,罗永聪,张新全,等.14个多花黑麦草品种(系)在川西南地区生产性能综合评价[J].草业学报,2014,23(6):87-94.Wang Shaofei,Luo Yongcong,Zhang Xinquan,et al.Comprehensive evaluation of production performance of 14 Loliumvarieties(Lines)in southwest Sichuan[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2014,23(6):87-94.
[5]张新跃,李元华,苟文龙,等.多花黑麦草研究进展[J].草业科学,2009,26(1):55-60.Zhang Xinyue,Li Yuanhua,Gou Wenlong,et al.Research development of Italian ryegrass[J].Pratacultural Science,2009,26(1):55-60.
[6]富新年,王赞,高洪文,等.国外引进鸭茅种质形态变异研究[J].草地学报,2012,20(2):358-362.Fu Xinnian,Wang Zan,Gao Hongwen,et al.Morphologic variation of imported Dactylis glomerata[J].Acta Agrestia Sinica,2012,20(2):358-362.
[7]杨文轩,马啸,张新全,等.多花黑麦草品种间杂交F2代分子标记遗传分析[J].草业学报,2012,21(4):125-133.Yang Wenxuan,Ma Xiao,Zhang Xinquan,et al.A study on genetic analysis of F2hybird progenies by molecular markers in annual ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam)[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2012,21(4):125-133.
[8] Studer B,Boller B,Bauer E,et al.Consistent detection of QTLs for crown rust resistance in Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)across environments and phenotyping methods[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2007,115(1):9-17.
[9] Studer B,Boller B,Herrmann D,et al.Genetic mapping reveals a single major QTL for bacterial wilt resistance in Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2006,113(4):661-671.
[10] Inoue M,Gao Z,Cai H.QTL analysis of lodging resistance and related traits in Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2004,109(8):1576-1585.
[11] Inoue M,Gao Z,Hirata M,et al.Construction of a highdensity linkage map of Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)using restriction fragment length polymorphism,amplified fragment length polymorphism,and telomeric repeat associated sequence markers[J].Genome,2004,47(1):57-65.
[12]贺晨帮,宗绪晓.豌豆种质资源形态标记遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2011,12(1):42-48.He Chenbang,Zong Xuxiao.Genetic diversity of pea(Pisum sativum Lam.)germplasm resources revealed by morphological traits[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2011,12(1):42-48.
[13]解新明,云锦凤,卢小良,等.蒙古冰草表型数量性状的变异与生境间的相关性[J].生态学杂志,2003,22(4):31-36.Xie Xinming,Yun Jinfeng,Lu Xiaoliang,et al.Correlation analysis between the variation of phenotypic quantitative characters and the habitat of Agropyron mongolicum[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2003,22(4):31-36.
[14]廖丽,白昌军,郭晓磊,等.竹节草种质资源形态多样性研究[J].热带作物学报,2011,32(11):2042-2047.Liao Li,Bai Changjun,Guo Xiaolei,et al.Morphological diversity of Chrysopogon aciculatu L.[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2011,32(11):2042-2047.
[15]李景欣,云锦凤,苏布道,等.环境条件对冰草穗部性状的影响[J].内蒙古民族大学学报(自然科学版),2004,19(5):539-542.Li Jingxin,Yun Jinfeng,Su Budao,et al.The effect of properties of spike of Agropyron cristatum with the environmental condition[J].Journal of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities(Natural Sciences),2004,19(5):539-542.
[16]德英,穆怀彬,刘新亮,等.披碱草属8种野生牧草居群穗部形态多样性[J].草业科学,2011,28(9):1623-1631.De Ying,Mu Huaibin,Liu Xinliang,et al.Morphological diversity of plant ear among 8wild Elymus spp.[J].Pratacultural Science,2011,28(9):1623-1631.
[17] Roldàn-Ruiz I,Dendauw J,Van Bockstaele E,et al.AFLP markers reveal high polymorphic rates in ryegrasses(Lolium spp.)[J].Molecular Breeding,2000,6(2):125-134.
[18]刘建秀,郭爱桂,郭海林.我国狗牙根种质资源形态变异及形态类型划分[J].草业学报,2003,12(6):99-104.Liu Jianxiu,Guo Aigui,Guo Hailin.Morphological variation and types of Cynodon dactylon[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2003,12(6):99-104.
[19]黄春琼,周少云,刘国道,等.华南地区野生狗牙根植物学形态特征变异研究[J].草业学报,2010,19(5):210-217.Huang Chunqiong,Zhou Shaoyun,Liu Guodao,et al.A study on morphological variations of Cynodon dactylon in south China[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2010,19(5):210-217.
[20]刘伟,张新全,李芳,等.西南区野生狗牙根遗传多样性的ISSR标记与地理来源分析[J].草业学报,2007,16(3):55-61.Liu Wei,Zhang Xinquan,Li Fang,et al.Genetic diversity of Bermudagrass accessions in south west China by ISSRs molecular markers and geographic provenance[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2007,16(3):55-61.
[21]彭燕,张新全,曾兵.野生鸭茅植物学形态特征变异研究[J].草业学报,2007,16(2):69-75.Peng Yan,Zhang Xinquan,Zeng Bing.A study on variations of morphologic features of Dactylis glomerata[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2007,16(2):69-75.
[22]郝峰,徐柱,李平,等.雀麦属13种植物形态遗传多样性研究[J].中国草地学报,2011,33(2):17-24.Hao Feng,Xu Zhu,Li Ping,et al.Morphological genetic diversity of Bromus L.[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2011,33(2):17-24.
[23]陈培峰,朱勇良,乔中英,等.香稻种质性状的综合评价与选择育种探讨[J].上海农业学报,2013,29(5):92-96.Chen Peifeng,Zhu Yongliang,Qiao Zhongying,et al.Comprehensive valuation of main agronomic characters of aromatic rice and their application to selective breeding[J].Acta Agriculturae Shanghai,2013,29(5):92-96.
[24]史冀伟,高爱农,刘津刚,等.小麦族中间鹅观草不同居群的形态多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2009,10(4):547-552.Shi Jiwei,Gao Ainong,Liu Jingang,et al.Diversity of morphological traits in Roegneria sinica var.media keng populations of triticeae[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2009,10(4):547-552.
[2]李向林,万里强,何峰.南方草地农业潜力及其食物安全意义[J].科技导报,2007,25(9):9-15.Li Xianglin,Wan Liqiang,He Feng.Potential of grassland agriculture in southern China and its significance to food security[J].Science&Technology Review,2007,25(9):9-15.
[3]陈三有.广东省冬种黑麦草的现状及发展对策[J].中国草地,1997,19(6):58-61.Chen Sanyou.Present situation and future development of winter ryegrass in Guangdong province[J].Grassland of China,1997,19(6):58-61.
[4]王绍飞,罗永聪,张新全,等.14个多花黑麦草品种(系)在川西南地区生产性能综合评价[J].草业学报,2014,23(6):87-94.Wang Shaofei,Luo Yongcong,Zhang Xinquan,et al.Comprehensive evaluation of production performance of 14 Loliumvarieties(Lines)in southwest Sichuan[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2014,23(6):87-94.
[5]张新跃,李元华,苟文龙,等.多花黑麦草研究进展[J].草业科学,2009,26(1):55-60.Zhang Xinyue,Li Yuanhua,Gou Wenlong,et al.Research development of Italian ryegrass[J].Pratacultural Science,2009,26(1):55-60.
[6]富新年,王赞,高洪文,等.国外引进鸭茅种质形态变异研究[J].草地学报,2012,20(2):358-362.Fu Xinnian,Wang Zan,Gao Hongwen,et al.Morphologic variation of imported Dactylis glomerata[J].Acta Agrestia Sinica,2012,20(2):358-362.
[7]杨文轩,马啸,张新全,等.多花黑麦草品种间杂交F2代分子标记遗传分析[J].草业学报,2012,21(4):125-133.Yang Wenxuan,Ma Xiao,Zhang Xinquan,et al.A study on genetic analysis of F2hybird progenies by molecular markers in annual ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam)[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2012,21(4):125-133.
[8] Studer B,Boller B,Bauer E,et al.Consistent detection of QTLs for crown rust resistance in Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)across environments and phenotyping methods[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2007,115(1):9-17.
[9] Studer B,Boller B,Herrmann D,et al.Genetic mapping reveals a single major QTL for bacterial wilt resistance in Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2006,113(4):661-671.
[10] Inoue M,Gao Z,Cai H.QTL analysis of lodging resistance and related traits in Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2004,109(8):1576-1585.
[11] Inoue M,Gao Z,Hirata M,et al.Construction of a highdensity linkage map of Italian ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)using restriction fragment length polymorphism,amplified fragment length polymorphism,and telomeric repeat associated sequence markers[J].Genome,2004,47(1):57-65.
[12]贺晨帮,宗绪晓.豌豆种质资源形态标记遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2011,12(1):42-48.He Chenbang,Zong Xuxiao.Genetic diversity of pea(Pisum sativum Lam.)germplasm resources revealed by morphological traits[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2011,12(1):42-48.
[13]解新明,云锦凤,卢小良,等.蒙古冰草表型数量性状的变异与生境间的相关性[J].生态学杂志,2003,22(4):31-36.Xie Xinming,Yun Jinfeng,Lu Xiaoliang,et al.Correlation analysis between the variation of phenotypic quantitative characters and the habitat of Agropyron mongolicum[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2003,22(4):31-36.
[14]廖丽,白昌军,郭晓磊,等.竹节草种质资源形态多样性研究[J].热带作物学报,2011,32(11):2042-2047.Liao Li,Bai Changjun,Guo Xiaolei,et al.Morphological diversity of Chrysopogon aciculatu L.[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2011,32(11):2042-2047.
[15]李景欣,云锦凤,苏布道,等.环境条件对冰草穗部性状的影响[J].内蒙古民族大学学报(自然科学版),2004,19(5):539-542.Li Jingxin,Yun Jinfeng,Su Budao,et al.The effect of properties of spike of Agropyron cristatum with the environmental condition[J].Journal of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities(Natural Sciences),2004,19(5):539-542.
[16]德英,穆怀彬,刘新亮,等.披碱草属8种野生牧草居群穗部形态多样性[J].草业科学,2011,28(9):1623-1631.De Ying,Mu Huaibin,Liu Xinliang,et al.Morphological diversity of plant ear among 8wild Elymus spp.[J].Pratacultural Science,2011,28(9):1623-1631.
[17] Roldàn-Ruiz I,Dendauw J,Van Bockstaele E,et al.AFLP markers reveal high polymorphic rates in ryegrasses(Lolium spp.)[J].Molecular Breeding,2000,6(2):125-134.
[18]刘建秀,郭爱桂,郭海林.我国狗牙根种质资源形态变异及形态类型划分[J].草业学报,2003,12(6):99-104.Liu Jianxiu,Guo Aigui,Guo Hailin.Morphological variation and types of Cynodon dactylon[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2003,12(6):99-104.
[19]黄春琼,周少云,刘国道,等.华南地区野生狗牙根植物学形态特征变异研究[J].草业学报,2010,19(5):210-217.Huang Chunqiong,Zhou Shaoyun,Liu Guodao,et al.A study on morphological variations of Cynodon dactylon in south China[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2010,19(5):210-217.
[20]刘伟,张新全,李芳,等.西南区野生狗牙根遗传多样性的ISSR标记与地理来源分析[J].草业学报,2007,16(3):55-61.Liu Wei,Zhang Xinquan,Li Fang,et al.Genetic diversity of Bermudagrass accessions in south west China by ISSRs molecular markers and geographic provenance[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2007,16(3):55-61.
[21]彭燕,张新全,曾兵.野生鸭茅植物学形态特征变异研究[J].草业学报,2007,16(2):69-75.Peng Yan,Zhang Xinquan,Zeng Bing.A study on variations of morphologic features of Dactylis glomerata[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2007,16(2):69-75.
[22]郝峰,徐柱,李平,等.雀麦属13种植物形态遗传多样性研究[J].中国草地学报,2011,33(2):17-24.Hao Feng,Xu Zhu,Li Ping,et al.Morphological genetic diversity of Bromus L.[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2011,33(2):17-24.
[23]陈培峰,朱勇良,乔中英,等.香稻种质性状的综合评价与选择育种探讨[J].上海农业学报,2013,29(5):92-96.Chen Peifeng,Zhu Yongliang,Qiao Zhongying,et al.Comprehensive valuation of main agronomic characters of aromatic rice and their application to selective breeding[J].Acta Agriculturae Shanghai,2013,29(5):92-96.
[24]史冀伟,高爱农,刘津刚,等.小麦族中间鹅观草不同居群的形态多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2009,10(4):547-552.Shi Jiwei,Gao Ainong,Liu Jingang,et al.Diversity of morphological traits in Roegneria sinica var.media keng populations of triticeae[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2009,10(4):547-552.