清代直省驻防城在其所依附城市中的历史遗存
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摘要
八旗驻防制度是清廷独创的以少数兵力掌控辽阔疆土的军政制度,而驻防城则是落实这一制度的重要载体。清廷有计划地强行置入各行省的直省驻防城,尽管随着朝代更替、战事频仍、城市改造等原因在很大程度上遭到损毁,但其显性及隐性历史遗存至今仍丰富着其所依附城市的文化内涵。文中对21座直省驻防城(包括16座满城)的历史遗存进行梳理、发掘,不只是为城市特色营造、历史街区保护、新区建设等决策提供依据,更是为了找寻城市的记忆,让城市的历史文脉得以延续。
Eight Banners garrison system was an original military and political system in which the Qing government controlled a vast territory with a small number of troops, and the garrison camp was an important carrier to implement the system. The Qing government forced garrison camps into various provinces according to its plan. Although with the replacement of dynasties,frequent wars, urban transformation and other reasons the camps were damaged to a large extent, but their dominant and recessive historical remains still enrich the cultural connotations of the cities they depended on. In this paper, the historical remains of 21 provincial garrison camps(including 16 Manchurian camps) are sorted out and excavated, not only to provide a basis for urban characteristics building, historical block protection, new district construction and other policies, but also to find the memory of the city, so that the historical context of the city can be continued.
Eight Banners garrison system was an original military and political system in which the Qing government controlled a vast territory with a small number of troops, and the garrison camp was an important carrier to implement the system. The Qing government forced garrison camps into various provinces according to its plan. Although with the replacement of dynasties,frequent wars, urban transformation and other reasons the camps were damaged to a large extent, but their dominant and recessive historical remains still enrich the cultural connotations of the cities they depended on. In this paper, the historical remains of 21 provincial garrison camps(including 16 Manchurian camps) are sorted out and excavated, not only to provide a basis for urban characteristics building, historical block protection, new district construction and other policies, but also to find the memory of the city, so that the historical context of the city can be continued.
引文
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[5]军机处录副奏折(档号03-0984-007,微缩号069-0032),中国第一历史档案馆藏.
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[2]赖晨.福建琴江村:控制马江的清代水师旗营[N].云南政协报,2017-6-16.
[3]朱永春.福州琴江水师旗营建筑类型及制式研究[C].建筑历史与理论学术研讨会论文选辑,2008.
[4]王刚,夏维中.清中前期江宁八旗驻防新探---以档案史料为中心[J].江苏社会科学,2014(1).
[5]军机处录副奏折(档号03-0984-007,微缩号069-0032),中国第一历史档案馆藏.
[6]梁江,沈娜.西安满城区城市形态演变的启示[J].城市规划,2005(2).
[7]曾娟.广式满洲窗起源、装饰及构造技艺解析[J].装饰,2012(11).
[8]麻健敏.清代福州满族萨满信仰与本土巫文化的结合[J].中央民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2007(1).
[9]潘洪刚.清代驻防八旗与当地文化习俗的互相影响[J].中南民族大学学报(人文社会科学版),2006(3).