双线圈超磁致伸缩换能器三维磁场分析与优化
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摘要
针对超磁致伸缩换能器工作性能以及磁场环境问题,对超磁致伸缩换能器磁场强度、漏磁以及超磁致伸缩材料(GMM)棒磁场均匀率进行了研究,并基于GMM设计了一种双线圈换能器。在分析了GMM特性以及超磁致伸缩换能器工作原理的基础上,提出了以增大GMM棒磁场强度、减少漏磁和提高磁场均匀率为设计原则,将GMM棒轴线方向上磁场强度作为评价标准,采用COMSOL Multiphysic有限元仿真软件对双线圈超磁致伸缩换能器进行三维磁场仿真,分析了超磁致伸缩换能器在工作过程中上下导磁体和导磁回路的结构参数对磁场均值大小和磁场均匀率大小的影响规律。研究结果表明:随着导磁体半径的增加,GMM棒磁场均匀率先增加然后增幅缓慢趋于平衡,磁场均值先不变,然后大幅降低;随着导磁回路相对磁导率增加,GMM棒磁场强度均值大幅增加,当相对磁导率达到1 500时,磁场强度均值基本趋于平衡,经过优化,磁场均匀率从59.7%提高到90.5%,增幅为30.8%。
Aiming at the performance of giant magnetostrictive transducer and its magnetic field environment, the magnetic field intensity, magnetic leakage and magnetic field uniformity of giant magnetostrictive material(GMM) rod of giant magnetostrictive transducer were studied. Based on GMM, a double-coil transducer was designed. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of GMM and the working principle of giant magnetostrictive transducer, the design principles of increasing the magnetic field intensity of GMM rod, reducing magnetic leakage and improving the uniformity of magnetic field were put forward. The magnetic field strength in the direction of the rod axis was used as the evaluation standard. The three-dimensional magnetic field simulation of the double-coil giant magnetostrictive transducer was performed by COMSOL Multiphysic. The influence of the structure parameters of the upper and lower magnets and the magnetic conduction loop on the mean value and the uniformity of the magnetic field of the giant magnetostrictive transducer was analyzed. The results indicate that with the increase of the radius of the magnetizer, the uniformity of the magnetic field of the GMM rod increases first and then the amplitude increases slowly. The average value of the magnetic field first changes and then decreases sharply. With the increase of the relative permeability of the magnetic circuit, the magnetic field strength of the GMM rod significantly increased, when the relative magnetic permeability reaches 1 500, the average value of the magnetic field strength tends to be balanced. After optimization, the uniformity of the magnetic field is increased from 59.7% to 90.5%, an increase of 30.8%.
Aiming at the performance of giant magnetostrictive transducer and its magnetic field environment, the magnetic field intensity, magnetic leakage and magnetic field uniformity of giant magnetostrictive material(GMM) rod of giant magnetostrictive transducer were studied. Based on GMM, a double-coil transducer was designed. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of GMM and the working principle of giant magnetostrictive transducer, the design principles of increasing the magnetic field intensity of GMM rod, reducing magnetic leakage and improving the uniformity of magnetic field were put forward. The magnetic field strength in the direction of the rod axis was used as the evaluation standard. The three-dimensional magnetic field simulation of the double-coil giant magnetostrictive transducer was performed by COMSOL Multiphysic. The influence of the structure parameters of the upper and lower magnets and the magnetic conduction loop on the mean value and the uniformity of the magnetic field of the giant magnetostrictive transducer was analyzed. The results indicate that with the increase of the radius of the magnetizer, the uniformity of the magnetic field of the GMM rod increases first and then the amplitude increases slowly. The average value of the magnetic field first changes and then decreases sharply. With the increase of the relative permeability of the magnetic circuit, the magnetic field strength of the GMM rod significantly increased, when the relative magnetic permeability reaches 1 500, the average value of the magnetic field strength tends to be balanced. After optimization, the uniformity of the magnetic field is increased from 59.7% to 90.5%, an increase of 30.8%.
引文
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[2] CHEN C,SHI Y L,ZHANG J,et al.Novel linearpiezoelectric motor for precision position stage[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,29(2):378-385.
[3] 刘红军,刘洁,叶芳.用于超磁致伸缩作动器的一种改进的控制方法[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2012,44(9):91-95.
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[5] 王博文.超磁致伸缩材料制备与器件设计[M].1版.北京:冶金工业出版社,2003.
[6] 梅德庆,浦军,陈子辰.用于超精密隔振的稀土超磁致伸缩致动器设计[J].仪器仪表学报,2004,25(6):766-769.
[7] WANG W J,WANG T Q,TANG J,et al.Design of thin low-frequencysmart material based on giant magnetostrictive actuator[J].Materials Research Innovations,2014,115(17):299-303.
[8] HIROYUKI W,MUNEO M.New magnetostrictive type torque sensorfor sterring shaft[J].Sensors and Actuators,2001,91(1):103-106.
[9] ZHU Y C,LI Y S.Development of a deflector-jet electrohydraulicservo-valve using a giant magnetostrictive material[J].Smart Materialsand Structures,2014,11(23):1-19.
[10] 高晓辉,刘永光,裴忠才.超磁致伸缩作动器磁路优化设计[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2016,48(9):145-150.
[11] 蔡万宠,张建富,郁鼎文,等.超磁致伸缩超声振动系统的机电转换效率研究[J].机械工程学报,2017,53(19):52-58.
[12] CLARK AE.Ferromagnetic material[M].Amsterdam:North-Holland Publishing company,1980.
[13] 李鹏阳,刘强,周玲霞.超磁致伸缩超声换能器设计分析[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2017,25(5):1065-1075.