注塑和3D打印聚乳酸/乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物共混物形态和韧性
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摘要
将聚乳酸与韧性聚合物共混是改善聚乳酸韧性的有效途径。文中报道了韧性良好的乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)与聚乳酸共混,获得增韧聚乳酸。发现EVA对聚乳酸的增韧效果与成型加工方法有关:注塑成型的EVA/聚乳酸共混物中,EVA呈球状分布,可以明显提高冲击强度;3D打印成型的EVA/聚乳酸共混物中,EVA呈独特微纤结构,对增韧有利,可以克服3D打印在制品中引入孔隙的负面影响,提高聚乳酸的冲击强度。
Melt-blending with ductile polymers is a versatile and effective method for toughening modification of poly(lactic acid)(PLA). Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer(EVA) could be a promising toughening agent for PLA because of its high ductility and low cost. In this work, it is found that different processing methods have diverse influences on toughening. Based on injection molding, EVA shows a spherical distribution and PLA is well toughened by EVA with an increasing impact strength. For 3D printing, it is interesting to identify a microfibrillar phase of EVA in the PLA matrix, which is favorable for toughening of PLA, acting as a compensation of the negative effect of voids on toughening due to the processing of 3D processing.
Melt-blending with ductile polymers is a versatile and effective method for toughening modification of poly(lactic acid)(PLA). Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer(EVA) could be a promising toughening agent for PLA because of its high ductility and low cost. In this work, it is found that different processing methods have diverse influences on toughening. Based on injection molding, EVA shows a spherical distribution and PLA is well toughened by EVA with an increasing impact strength. For 3D printing, it is interesting to identify a microfibrillar phase of EVA in the PLA matrix, which is favorable for toughening of PLA, acting as a compensation of the negative effect of voids on toughening due to the processing of 3D processing.
引文
[1] Lopes M S, Jardini A L, Filho R M, et al. Poly (lactic acid) production for tissue engineering applications[J]. Procedia Eng., 2012, 42: 1402-1413.
[2] Lyu S, Untereker D. Degradability of polymers for implantable biomedical devices[J]. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2009, 10(9): 4033-4065.
[3] Garlotta D. A literature review of poly(lactic acid)[J]. J. Polym. Environ., 2001, 9: 63-84.
[4] Auras R, Harte B, Selke S, et al. An overview of polylactides as packaging materials[J]. Macromol. Biosci., 2004, 4: 835-864.
[5] 孟令艳. 聚乳酸耐热和增韧改性研究[D]. 北京:北京服装学院, 2015.Meng L Y. Study on the heat resistance and toughening modification of PLA[D]. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, 2015.
[6] 廖华勇, 陶国良. 高密度聚乙烯共混物的抗冲击强度与熔体流动速率[J]. 高分子材料科学与工程, 2013, 29(7): 72-75.Liao H Y, Tao G L. Impact strength and flow melt flow rate of high density polyethylene melts[J]. Polymer Materials Science & Engineering, 2013, 29(7): 72-75.
[7] 宋霞, 冯钠, 陈荣丰. 聚乳酸/EVA共混材料力学性能研究[J]. 化工新型材料, 2009, 37(9):116-119.Song X, Feng N, Chen R F. Study on mechanical properties of PLA/EVA blends[J]. New Chemical Material, 2009, 37(9): 116-119.
[8] Yokohara T, Yamaguchi M. Structure and properties for biomass-based polyester blends of PLA and PBS[J]. Eur. Polym. J., 2008, 44: 677-685.
[9] Ljungberg N, Colombini D, Wesslén B. Plasticization of poly(lactic acid) with oligomeric malonate esteramides: dynamic mechanical and thermal film properties[J]. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2010, 96: 992-1002.
[10] Gentile P, Chiono V, Carmagnola I, et al. An overview of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA)-based biomaterials for bone tissue engineering[J]. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2014, 15: 3640-3659.
[11] 何军亮, 孙东成, 曹艳霞,等. 用于FDM的PLA共混改性[J]. 工程塑料应用, 2017, 45(6): 7-11.He J L, Sun D C, Cao Y X, et al.Blending modification of PLA for FDM[J]. Engineering Plastics Application, 2017, 45(6): 7-11.
[12] 张洁, 吴德峰, 周卫东,等. 聚乳酸/乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物共混物的形态与黏弹行为[J]. 高分子学报, 2011(2):139-144.Zhang J, Wu D F, Zhou W D,et al.Morphology and viscoelastic behavior of PLA/EVA copolymer blends[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica., 2011(2): 139-144.
[13] 郭广思. 注塑成型技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2002:80.
[2] Lyu S, Untereker D. Degradability of polymers for implantable biomedical devices[J]. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2009, 10(9): 4033-4065.
[3] Garlotta D. A literature review of poly(lactic acid)[J]. J. Polym. Environ., 2001, 9: 63-84.
[4] Auras R, Harte B, Selke S, et al. An overview of polylactides as packaging materials[J]. Macromol. Biosci., 2004, 4: 835-864.
[5] 孟令艳. 聚乳酸耐热和增韧改性研究[D]. 北京:北京服装学院, 2015.Meng L Y. Study on the heat resistance and toughening modification of PLA[D]. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, 2015.
[6] 廖华勇, 陶国良. 高密度聚乙烯共混物的抗冲击强度与熔体流动速率[J]. 高分子材料科学与工程, 2013, 29(7): 72-75.Liao H Y, Tao G L. Impact strength and flow melt flow rate of high density polyethylene melts[J]. Polymer Materials Science & Engineering, 2013, 29(7): 72-75.
[7] 宋霞, 冯钠, 陈荣丰. 聚乳酸/EVA共混材料力学性能研究[J]. 化工新型材料, 2009, 37(9):116-119.Song X, Feng N, Chen R F. Study on mechanical properties of PLA/EVA blends[J]. New Chemical Material, 2009, 37(9): 116-119.
[8] Yokohara T, Yamaguchi M. Structure and properties for biomass-based polyester blends of PLA and PBS[J]. Eur. Polym. J., 2008, 44: 677-685.
[9] Ljungberg N, Colombini D, Wesslén B. Plasticization of poly(lactic acid) with oligomeric malonate esteramides: dynamic mechanical and thermal film properties[J]. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2010, 96: 992-1002.
[10] Gentile P, Chiono V, Carmagnola I, et al. An overview of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA)-based biomaterials for bone tissue engineering[J]. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2014, 15: 3640-3659.
[11] 何军亮, 孙东成, 曹艳霞,等. 用于FDM的PLA共混改性[J]. 工程塑料应用, 2017, 45(6): 7-11.He J L, Sun D C, Cao Y X, et al.Blending modification of PLA for FDM[J]. Engineering Plastics Application, 2017, 45(6): 7-11.
[12] 张洁, 吴德峰, 周卫东,等. 聚乳酸/乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物共混物的形态与黏弹行为[J]. 高分子学报, 2011(2):139-144.Zhang J, Wu D F, Zhou W D,et al.Morphology and viscoelastic behavior of PLA/EVA copolymer blends[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica., 2011(2): 139-144.
[13] 郭广思. 注塑成型技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2002:80.