城市居民使用共享单车的行为意愿及影响因素分析—以西安市为例
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摘要
基于西安市居民问卷调查数据,以技术接受模型和计划行为理论为基础,运用结构方程模型,实证分析了居民的感知易用性、感知有用性、行为态度、主观规范、感知行为控制五大因素对其使用共享单车行为意愿的影响。结果表明:五大因素对居民使用共享单车的行为意愿均有显著的正向影响,但各因素影响程度存在差异,呈现"行为态度>感知易用性>感知有用性>主观规范>感知行为控制"的递减特征,表明居民使用共享单车的行为意愿很大程度上取决于其对共享单车的行为态度。
Taking structural equation model as the research method, a survey data collected from Xi'an was used to built an integrated model based on the Technology Acceptance Model and the Theory of Planned Behavior, and analyze the influence of urban residents' perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, behavioral attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control on their willingness to use shared bikes. The empirical study results show that the five factors have significant positive effects on urban residents' willingness to use shared bikes. However the overall influence differs markedly among the five factors, and the ranking of the importance is behavioral attitude> perceived ease of use> perceived usefulness>subjective norm> perceived behavioral control. This shows that urban residents' willingness to use shared bikes largely depends on their attitude towards shared bikes.
Taking structural equation model as the research method, a survey data collected from Xi'an was used to built an integrated model based on the Technology Acceptance Model and the Theory of Planned Behavior, and analyze the influence of urban residents' perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, behavioral attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control on their willingness to use shared bikes. The empirical study results show that the five factors have significant positive effects on urban residents' willingness to use shared bikes. However the overall influence differs markedly among the five factors, and the ranking of the importance is behavioral attitude> perceived ease of use> perceived usefulness>subjective norm> perceived behavioral control. This shows that urban residents' willingness to use shared bikes largely depends on their attitude towards shared bikes.
引文
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[2] Bao J, Xu C C, Liu P, et al. Exploring bikesharing travel patterns and trip purposes using smart card data and online point of interests[J].Networks & Spatial Economics, 2017,17(4):1231-1253.
[3] 刘冰,曹娟娟,周于杰,等.城市公共自行车使用活动的时空间特征研究-以杭州为例[J].城市规划学刊,2016(3):77-84.
[4] Ogilvie F, Goodman A. Inequities in usage of a public bicycle sharing scheme: socio-demographic predictors of uptake and usage of the London (UK) cycle hire scheme[J]. Preventive Medicine,2012,55(1): 40-45.
[5] Martin E W, Shaheen S A. Evaluating public transit modal shift dynamics in response to bikesharing: a tale of two U.S. cities[J].Journal of Transport Geography,2014,41:315-324.
[6] Fishman E, Washington S, Haworth N, et al. Barriers to bikesharing: an analysis from Melbourne and Brisbane[J].Journal of Transport Geography,2014,41:325-337.
[7] Teschke K, Chinn A , Brauer M. Proximity to four bikeway types and neighborhood-level cycling mode share of male and female commuters[J]. Journal of Transport and Land Use,2017,10(1):695-713.
[8] Faghih-Imani A, Eluru N, El-Geneidy A M, et al. How land-use and urban form impact bicycle flows: evidence from the bicycle-sharing system (BIXI) in Montreal[J].Journal of Transport Geography,2014,41:306-314.
[9] 罗桑扎西,甄峰,尹秋怡.城市公共自行车使用与建成环境的关系研究-以南京市桥北片区为例[J].地理科学,2018,38(3):332-341.
[10] Saneinejad S, Roorda M J, Kennedy C. Modelling the impact of weather conditions on active transportation travel behaviour[J].Transportation Research Part D:Transport and Environment,2012,17(2):129-137.
[11] Gebhart K, Noland R B. The impact of weather conditions on bikeshare trips in Washington, DC[J].Transportation,2014,41(6):1205-1225.
[12] Zainuddin N B, Min L H, Teng C S, et al. Sustainable transportation scheme in university: students' intention on bike sharing system: an empirical approach[J]. Journal of Global Business and Social Entrepreneurship,2016,2(4):144-163.
[13] Kaplan S, Manca F, Nielsen T A S, et al. Intentions to use bike-sharing for holiday cycling: an application of the theory of planned behavior[J].Tourism Management,2015,47:34-46.
[14] Ajzen I. The theory of planned behavior[J]. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 1991, 50(2): 179-211
[15] Davis F D. Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology[J].Mis Quarterly,1989, 13(3):319-340.
[16] Chen S Y. Using the sustainable modified TAM and TPB to analyze the effects of perceived green value on loyalty to a public bike system[J].Transportation Research Part A :Policy and Practice,2016,88:58-72.
[17] Chen C F, Chao W H. Habitual or reasoned? using the theory of planned behavior, technology acceptance model, and habit to examine switching intentions toward public transit[J]. Transportation Research Part F:Traffic Psychology and Behaviour,2011,14(2):128-137.
[18] 王月辉,王青.北京居民新能源汽车购买意向影响因素-基于TAM和TPB整合模型的研究[J].中国管理科学,2013,21(S2):691-698.
[19] Kraft P, Rise J, Sutton S, et al. Perceived difficulty in the theory of planned behavior: perceived behavioural control or affective attitude?[J].British Journal of Social Psychology,2005,44(3):479-496.
[20] 张文彬,李国平.生态补偿、心理因素与居民生态保护意愿和行为研究-以秦巴生态功能区为例[J].资源科学,2017,39(5):881-892.
[21] 吴明隆.结构方程模型-AMOS的操作与应用[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2009.