湍流模型的研究现状与最新进展（英文）
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摘要
直接数值模拟方法由于硬件条件的限制,在船舶与海洋工程领域的实际数值计算中难以实现,迄今为止湍流模型在船舶与海洋工程计算流体力学的研究中仍然被广泛采用。湍流模型的发展从RANS和URANS开始,逐渐向LES和DES发展,并发展出许多优秀的混合方法。虽然几乎所有的模型在应用中都有成功的案例,但它们各自的缺点与问题仍然是不可避免的。该文通过大量的文献,对RANS、LES、DES、URANS以及混合RANS-LES等模型的特点逐一进行了探讨,仔细讨论并给出了其缺点与问题的处理方法,同时还给出了各种湍流模型的一些应用实例。
Since the DNS(Direct Numerical Simulation) method is hard to achieve because of the hardware condition nowadays, many turbulence models are widely used in the research of the computational fluid mechanics. The development of the turbulence models started from RANS and URANS, advanced in LES and DES, and modified in many hybrid methods. Though nearly all of the models had successful cases in application, the shortcomings of them are unavoidable. This paper takes primary comparison and discussion of RANS/URANS, LES/DES and Hybrid RANS-LES, the features of each are discussed basing on the development and the overcoming of the former's shortcoming, some application of each turbulence model are also included.
Since the DNS(Direct Numerical Simulation) method is hard to achieve because of the hardware condition nowadays, many turbulence models are widely used in the research of the computational fluid mechanics. The development of the turbulence models started from RANS and URANS, advanced in LES and DES, and modified in many hybrid methods. Though nearly all of the models had successful cases in application, the shortcomings of them are unavoidable. This paper takes primary comparison and discussion of RANS/URANS, LES/DES and Hybrid RANS-LES, the features of each are discussed basing on the development and the overcoming of the former's shortcoming, some application of each turbulence model are also included.
引文
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[19]Fureby C,Grinstein F F.Monotonically integrated large eddy simulation of free shear flows[J].AIAA J,1999,37(5):544-556.
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[27]Najjar F M,Vanka S P.Effects of intrinsic three-dimensionality on the drag characteristics of a normal flat plate[J].Phys.Fluids,1995,7(10):2516-2518.
[28]Mittal R,Balachandar S.Effect of three-dimensionality on the lift and drag of nominally two-dimensional cylinders[J].Phys.Fluids,1995,7(8):1841-1865.
[29]Ying S X,Spaid F W,McGinley C B,Rumsey C L.Investigation of confluent boundary layers in high-lift flows[J].J Aircraft,1999,36(3):550-562.
[30]Balaras E,Benocci C,Piomelli U.Two-layer approximate boundary conditions for large-eddy simulations[J].AIAA J,1996,34(6):1111-1119.
[31]Huerre P,Monkewitz P A.Absolute and convective instabilities in free shear layers[J].J Fluid Mech,1985,159:151-168.
[32]Spalart P R,Jou W H,Strelets M,Allmaras S R.Comments on the feasibility of LES for wings,and on a hybrid RANS/LES approach[C]//In:Liu C,Liu Z(Eds.),Advances in LES/DNS,First AFOSR International Conference on DNS/LES.Greyden Press,Louisiana Tech University,1997.
[33]Spalart P R,Deck S,Shur M L,Squires K D,Strelets M Kh,Travin A K.A new version of detached-eddy simulation,resistant to ambiguous grid densities[J].Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics,2006,20(3):181-195.
[34]Piomelli U,Balaras E.Wall-layer models for large-eddy simulations[J].Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics,2002,34:349-374.
[35]Davidson L,Dahlstrom S.Hybrid LES-RANS:An approach to make LES applicable at high Reynolds number[J].International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics,2005,19(6):415-427.
[36]Davidson L,Billson M.Hybrid LES-RANS using synthesized turbulence for forcing in the interface region[J].International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow,2006,27:1028-1042.
[37]Temmerman L,Hadziabdic M,Leschiziner M A,Hanjalic K.A hybrid two-layer URANS-LES approach for large eddy simulation at high Reynolds numbers[J].International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow,2005,26:173-190.
[38]Batten P,Goldberg U,Chakravarthy S.LNS-an approach towards embedded LES[J].AIAA Paper,2002:2002-0427.
[39]Batten P,Chakravarthy U,Goldberg S.Interfacing statistical turbulent closures with large-eddy simulations[J].AIAAJournal,2004,42(3):485-492.
[40]Abe K.A hybrid LES/RANS approach using an anisotropy-resolving algebraic turbulence model[J].International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow,2005,26:204-222.
[41]Schiestel R,Dejoan A.Toward a new partially integrated transport model for coarse grid and unsteady turbulent flow simulation[J].Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics,2005,18:443-468.
[42]Nikitin N,Nicoud F,Wasistho B,Squires K D,Spalart P R.An approach to wall modeling in large-eddy simulations[J].Physics of Fluids,2000,12(7):1629-1632.
[43]Strelets M.Detached eddy simulation of massively separated flows[C]//39th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit.January 8-11,2001.Reno,NV,United states,2001.
[44]Philippe R.Spalart.Detached-eddy simulation[J].Annu.Rev.Fluid Mech.,2009,41:181-202.
[45]Choi J Y,Yang V,et al.DES combustion modeling of a scramjet combustor[J].AIAA 2006:5097.
[46]Shin J R,Choi J Y.DES study of base and base-bleed flows with dynamic formulation of DES constant[J].AIAA,2011:662
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[48]Temmermana L,Had觩iabdic'b M,Leschzinera M A,Hanjalic'K.A hybrid two-layer URANS-LES approach for large eddy simulation at high Reynolds numbers[J].International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow,2005,26(2):173-190.
[49]Charles G.Speziale.Turbulence modeling for time-dependent RANS and VLES:A review[J].American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Journal,1998,36(2):173-184.
[50]QuéméréP,Sagaut P,Couaillier V.A new multi-domain/multi-resolution method for large-eddy simulation[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids,2001,36:391-416.
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