流量对高含水体系CO_2水合物生成过程的影响
|
摘要
为了确定适宜的输送条件、保障管路的流动安全,在高压水合物循环实验环路装置上进行了高含水体系下CO_2水合物生成的实验,研究了管输流量对CO_2水合物生成及堵塞过程中诱导时间和压差等的影响。实验结果表明,在CO_2水合物大量生成前,流动引起的剪切作用能够很好地抑制CO_2水合物晶核的聚集,CO_2水合物大量生成时水合物颗粒会在短时间内快速形成并聚集在一起。体系流量对CO_2水合物生成诱导时间的影响可能存在临界值,流量高于临界值时,诱导时间缩短速率变大;低于临界值时,诱导时间缩短速率较小;水合物瞬时生成量在临界值附近最大。恒压高含水体系下CO_2水合物在大量生成至堵塞的过程中受流量的影响较小。
In order to determine the suitable transportation conditions and ensure the safety of pipeline flow,experiments on the formation of CO_2 hydrate under high water-cut system were carried out on the high pressure hydrate circulation pipeline device,and the generation of CO_2 hydrate was investigated.The influence of flow rate on induction time and differential pressure during the CO_2hydrate formation and clogging process were studied.The experimental results showed that the flowinduced shear force could inhibit the aggregation of CO_2 hydrate particles well before the CO_2 hydrate was generated in large amounts.When a large amount of CO_2 hydrate was generated,the CO_2 hydrate particles would rapidly form in a short period of time.As a result,there might be a critical flow rate for the influence of the CO_2 hydrate formation induction time.When the system flow rate was higher than this critical value,shortening rate of induction time was bigger.When the system flow rate was lower than this critical value,shortening rate of induction time was smaller,and the instantaneous hydrate formation amount was the largest near the critical value.Under constant pressure and high water system,CO_2 hydrate was less affected by flow rate during the process of its formation and plugging.
In order to determine the suitable transportation conditions and ensure the safety of pipeline flow,experiments on the formation of CO_2 hydrate under high water-cut system were carried out on the high pressure hydrate circulation pipeline device,and the generation of CO_2 hydrate was investigated.The influence of flow rate on induction time and differential pressure during the CO_2hydrate formation and clogging process were studied.The experimental results showed that the flowinduced shear force could inhibit the aggregation of CO_2 hydrate particles well before the CO_2 hydrate was generated in large amounts.When a large amount of CO_2 hydrate was generated,the CO_2 hydrate particles would rapidly form in a short period of time.As a result,there might be a critical flow rate for the influence of the CO_2 hydrate formation induction time.When the system flow rate was higher than this critical value,shortening rate of induction time was bigger.When the system flow rate was lower than this critical value,shortening rate of induction time was smaller,and the instantaneous hydrate formation amount was the largest near the critical value.Under constant pressure and high water system,CO_2 hydrate was less affected by flow rate during the process of its formation and plugging.
引文
[1]陈英楠,李永红,李鑫钢,等.流动状态对甲烷水合物生成速率影响的研究[J].现代化工,2014,34(8):152-155.
[2]周诗岽,李乐,李青岭,等.天然气水合物浆液流动形态与流变性的研究进展[J].石油化工,2017,46(2):248-253.
[3]李长俊,黄婷,贾文龙.深水天然气水合物及其管道输送技术[J].科学通报,2016,61(22):2449-2462.
[4]Joshi S V,Grasso G A,Lafond P G,et al.Experimental flowloop investigations of gas hydrate formation in high water cut systems[J].Chem Eng Sci,2013,97(7):198-209.
[5]Zerpa L E.A practical model to predict gas hydrate formation,dissociation and transportability in oil and gas flowlines[D].Golden:Colorado School of Mine,2013.
[6]Zerpa L E,Sloan E D,Sum A K,et al.Overview of CSM-HyK:A transient hydrate formation model[J].J Pet Sci Eng,2012,98/99(6):122-129.
[7]Sakurai S,Hoskin B J,Edwards T J,et al.An experimental study for flow assurance of the methane hydrate production test system[C]//Proceedings of Offshore Technology Conference.Houston:Offshore Technology Conference,2014:13.
[8]Lorenzo M D,Seo Y,Soto G S.The CSIRO’S hydrates flow loop as a tool to investigate hydrate behavior in gas dominant flows[C]//Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates(ICGH 2011).Edinburgh:ICGH Conference,2011:11.
[9]Rao I.Multiphase flow modeling and deposition of hydrates in oil and gas pipelines[D].Golden:Colorado School of Mine,2013.
[10]Zerpa L E,Rao I,Zachary M,et al.Multiphase flow modeling of gas hydrates with a simple hydrodynamic slug flow model[J].Chem Eng Sci,2013,99(9):298-304.
[11]Hegde G,Rao I,Danielson T,et al.CSMFlow:A multiphase flow modeling tool for hydrates in flow assurance[C]//Proceedings of 9th North American Conference on Multiphase Technology.Banff:BHR Group,2014:313-326.
[12]Hegde G A,Sum A K,Danielson T J.Multiphase flow modeling for gas hydrates in flow assurance[C]//Proceedings of Offshore Technology Conference.Houston:Offshore Technology Conference,2015:14.
[13]Joshi S V.Experimental investigation and modeling of gas hydrate formation in high water cut producing oil pipelines[D].Golden:Colorado School of Mines,2012.
[14]吴海浩,杨璐,吕晓方,等.天然气水合物生成速率实验研究[J].实验技术与管理,2014,31(1):36-40.
[15]Boxall J,Koh C A,Sloan E D,et al.Droplet size scaling of water-in-oil emulsions under turbulent flow[J].Langmuir,2012,28(1):104-110.
[16]LüXiaofang,Gong Jing,Li Wenqing,et al.Experimental study on natural gas hydrate slurry flow[J].SPE J,2013,2(2):199-216.
[17]吕晓方,吴海浩,史博会,等.流动体系中二氧化碳水合物堵管时间实验研究[J].实验室研究与探索,2013,32(11):197-202.
[18]Talaghat M R.Experimental investigation of induction time for double gas hydrate formation in the simultaneous presence of the PVP and l-tyrosine as kinetic inhibitors in a mini flow loop apparatus[J].J Nat Gas Sci Eng,2014,19(7):215-220.
[19]潘云仙,刘道平,黄文件,等.气体水合物形成的诱导时间及其影响因素[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(2):255-260.
[20]李文庆.多相体系水合物浆液管流规律实验研究[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京),2012.
[2]周诗岽,李乐,李青岭,等.天然气水合物浆液流动形态与流变性的研究进展[J].石油化工,2017,46(2):248-253.
[3]李长俊,黄婷,贾文龙.深水天然气水合物及其管道输送技术[J].科学通报,2016,61(22):2449-2462.
[4]Joshi S V,Grasso G A,Lafond P G,et al.Experimental flowloop investigations of gas hydrate formation in high water cut systems[J].Chem Eng Sci,2013,97(7):198-209.
[5]Zerpa L E.A practical model to predict gas hydrate formation,dissociation and transportability in oil and gas flowlines[D].Golden:Colorado School of Mine,2013.
[6]Zerpa L E,Sloan E D,Sum A K,et al.Overview of CSM-HyK:A transient hydrate formation model[J].J Pet Sci Eng,2012,98/99(6):122-129.
[7]Sakurai S,Hoskin B J,Edwards T J,et al.An experimental study for flow assurance of the methane hydrate production test system[C]//Proceedings of Offshore Technology Conference.Houston:Offshore Technology Conference,2014:13.
[8]Lorenzo M D,Seo Y,Soto G S.The CSIRO’S hydrates flow loop as a tool to investigate hydrate behavior in gas dominant flows[C]//Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates(ICGH 2011).Edinburgh:ICGH Conference,2011:11.
[9]Rao I.Multiphase flow modeling and deposition of hydrates in oil and gas pipelines[D].Golden:Colorado School of Mine,2013.
[10]Zerpa L E,Rao I,Zachary M,et al.Multiphase flow modeling of gas hydrates with a simple hydrodynamic slug flow model[J].Chem Eng Sci,2013,99(9):298-304.
[11]Hegde G,Rao I,Danielson T,et al.CSMFlow:A multiphase flow modeling tool for hydrates in flow assurance[C]//Proceedings of 9th North American Conference on Multiphase Technology.Banff:BHR Group,2014:313-326.
[12]Hegde G A,Sum A K,Danielson T J.Multiphase flow modeling for gas hydrates in flow assurance[C]//Proceedings of Offshore Technology Conference.Houston:Offshore Technology Conference,2015:14.
[13]Joshi S V.Experimental investigation and modeling of gas hydrate formation in high water cut producing oil pipelines[D].Golden:Colorado School of Mines,2012.
[14]吴海浩,杨璐,吕晓方,等.天然气水合物生成速率实验研究[J].实验技术与管理,2014,31(1):36-40.
[15]Boxall J,Koh C A,Sloan E D,et al.Droplet size scaling of water-in-oil emulsions under turbulent flow[J].Langmuir,2012,28(1):104-110.
[16]LüXiaofang,Gong Jing,Li Wenqing,et al.Experimental study on natural gas hydrate slurry flow[J].SPE J,2013,2(2):199-216.
[17]吕晓方,吴海浩,史博会,等.流动体系中二氧化碳水合物堵管时间实验研究[J].实验室研究与探索,2013,32(11):197-202.
[18]Talaghat M R.Experimental investigation of induction time for double gas hydrate formation in the simultaneous presence of the PVP and l-tyrosine as kinetic inhibitors in a mini flow loop apparatus[J].J Nat Gas Sci Eng,2014,19(7):215-220.
[19]潘云仙,刘道平,黄文件,等.气体水合物形成的诱导时间及其影响因素[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(2):255-260.
[20]李文庆.多相体系水合物浆液管流规律实验研究[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京),2012.