工质泵变运行工况对有机朗肯循环系统性能的影响
|
摘要
有机朗肯循环(organic Rankine cycle, ORC)系统凭借其优越的性能已被应用于众多领域。工质泵是为ORC系统提供所需压力和流量的主要部件,其性能直接影响了其他部件性能及系统整体性能。本文通过理论计算分析了不同热力参数对单位质量流量工质泵输入功率及泵功指数的影响情况。进而以R245fa作为工质在冷凝温度为303K的模拟ORC系统工作条件下展开实验研究,分析变运行工况下两种不同类型工质泵(多级离心泵、液压隔膜计量泵)的运行参数变化规律及相互影响因素。进而探究工质泵变运行参数对ORC系统性能的影响。实验结果表明:液压隔膜计量泵的流量较低且受出口压力的影响较小,其输入功率最高仅为360.34 W,相同工况下仅是多级离心泵输入功率的16.29%。两者的实际运行效率随运行工况的变化而改变,最高分别可达59.96%、55.26%。结合理论计算,使用这两个泵的ORC系统泵功指数均在0.03～0.48范围内变化,热效率最高分别可达11.66%、10.35%。液压隔膜计量泵更适合于所需流量较低的ORC系统。
Organic Rankine cycle(ORC)system has been widely used in industries due toits superior performance.The working fluid pump,providing the mass flow rate and the evaporation pressure of the ORC system,is one of important components in the system.In addition,the performance of working fluid pumps also has significant effects on the component and overall system performance.In this paper,the effects of different thermal parameters on the pump electric power input of unit mass flow and back work ratio(BWR)were analyzed.Furthermore,the experiment was conducted under simulative ORC conditions by using R245fa and condensing temperature of 303K.The experimental operating characteristics of two different types of working fluid pumps(multistage centrifugal pump and hydraulic diaphragm metering pump)were analyzed and its effects on the performance of ORC system were presented.Results showed that the mass flow rate delivered by the hydraulic diaphragm metering pump was low and was not significantly affected by the variation of outlet pressure.The maximum electric power input was only360.34W,which was 16.29%of the multistage centrifugal pump.Their actual operation efficiency changes with operating conditions were up to 59.96%and 55.26%,respectively.By the theoretical calculation,the BWR for the ORC system using the two pumps varied between 0.03 and 0.48.And the maximum thermal efficiency could reach up to 11.66%,10.35%,respectively.The hydraulic diaphragm metering pump is more suitable to the low mass flow ORC system.
Organic Rankine cycle(ORC)system has been widely used in industries due toits superior performance.The working fluid pump,providing the mass flow rate and the evaporation pressure of the ORC system,is one of important components in the system.In addition,the performance of working fluid pumps also has significant effects on the component and overall system performance.In this paper,the effects of different thermal parameters on the pump electric power input of unit mass flow and back work ratio(BWR)were analyzed.Furthermore,the experiment was conducted under simulative ORC conditions by using R245fa and condensing temperature of 303K.The experimental operating characteristics of two different types of working fluid pumps(multistage centrifugal pump and hydraulic diaphragm metering pump)were analyzed and its effects on the performance of ORC system were presented.Results showed that the mass flow rate delivered by the hydraulic diaphragm metering pump was low and was not significantly affected by the variation of outlet pressure.The maximum electric power input was only360.34W,which was 16.29%of the multistage centrifugal pump.Their actual operation efficiency changes with operating conditions were up to 59.96%and 55.26%,respectively.By the theoretical calculation,the BWR for the ORC system using the two pumps varied between 0.03 and 0.48.And the maximum thermal efficiency could reach up to 11.66%,10.35%,respectively.The hydraulic diaphragm metering pump is more suitable to the low mass flow ORC system.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国国家统计局.中国能源统计年鉴2017[M].北京:中国统计出版社, 2017.National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. Chinaenergy statisyical yearbook 2017[M]. Beijing:China Statistics Press,2017.
[2]袁振宏,罗文,吕鹏梅,等.生物质能产业现状及发展前景[J].化工进展, 2009, 28(10):1687-1692.YUAN Z H, LUO W, LüP M, et al. Status and prospect of biomassenergy industry[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2009,28(10):1687-1692.
[3]路会同,江龙,王丽伟,等.低温余热驱动的无泵有机朗肯循环瞬时稳态发电性能[J].化工学报, 2017, 68(12):4709-4716.LU H T, JIANG L, WANG L W, et al. Instantaneous steady state ofpumpless organic Rankine cycle driven by low temperature heat source[J]. CIESC Journal, 2017, 68(12):4709-4716.
[4]许永红,童亮,石智成,等.二甲醚与氢气稀混合气在中低温条件下的着火延迟特性[J].兵工学报, 39(4):655-663.XU Y H, TONG L, SHI Z C, et al. Ignition delay characteristics ofDME/H2lean mixtures at low-to-medium temperature[J]. ActaArmamentarii, 2018, 39(4):655-663.
[5]曹泷,刘秀龙,张鸣,等.有机朗肯循环发电系统变工况运行的实验研究[J].化工进展, 2018, 37(1):88-95.CAO S, LIU X L, ZHANG M, et al. Experimental study of organic Rankine cycle power generation system under various operatingconditions[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(1):88-95.
[6]吴国策,朱兴仪,赵英汝,等.一种新型的太阳能驱动ORC-HP热电联产耦合系统[J].化工进展, 2017, 36(s1):195-202.WU G C, ZHU X Y, ZHAO Y R, et al. A new type of solar-drivenORC-HP combined heat and power coupling system[J]. ChemicalIndustry and Engineering Progress, 2017, 36(s1):195-202.
[7]王建永,王江峰,王红阳,等.有机朗肯循环地热发电系统工质选择[J].工程热物理学报, 2017, 38(1):11-17.WANG J Y, WANG J F, WANG H Y, et al. Selection of working fluidfor organic Rankine cycle used in geothermal power plant[J]. Journal ofEngineering Thermophysics, 2017, 38(1):11-17.
[8] WANG J F, WANG M, LI M Q, et al. Multi-objective optimizationdesign of condenser in an organic Rankine cycle for low grade wasteheat recovery using evolutionary algorithm[J]. InternationalCommunications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2013, 45:47-54.
[9] QUOILIN S, VAN D, DECLAYE S, et al. Techno-economic survey oforganic Rankine cycle(ORC)systems[J]. Renewable and SustainableEnergy Reviews, 2013, 22:168-186.
[10]张红光,杨宇鑫,孟凡骁,等.有机朗肯循环系统中工质泵的运行性能[J].化工学报, 2017, 68(9):3573-3579.ZHANG H G, YANG Y X, MENG F X, et al. Running performance ofworking fluid pump for organic Rankine cycle system[J]. CIESCJournal, 2017, 68(9):3573-3579.
[11] BORSUKIEWICZ G. A pumping work in the organic Rankine cycle[J].Applied Thermal Engineering, 2013, 51(1/2):781-786.
[12] VéLEZ F, SEGOVIA J J, MARTíN M C, et al. A technical, economicaland market review of organic Rankine cycles for the conversion of low-grade heat for power generation[J]. General Information, 2012, 16(6):4175-4189.
[13] GALLONI E, FONTANA G, STACCONE S. Design and experimentalanalysis of a mini ORC(organic Rankine cycle)power plant based onR245fa working fluid[J]. Energy, 2015, 90:768-775.
[14] LANDELLE A, TAUVERON N, REVELLIN R, et al. Performanceinvestigation of reciprocating pump running with organic fluid fororganic Rankine cycle[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017, 113:962-969.
[15]杨绪飞,邹景煌,戚风亮,等.用于有机朗肯循环的三柱塞泵运行性能实验[J].农业机械学报, 2015, 46(8):367-371.YANG X F, ZOU J H, QI F L, et al. Experiment on tri-plunger pumpperformance in organic Rankine cycle system[J]. Transactions of theChinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2015, 46(8):367-371.
[16]叶佳琦,赵力,邓帅,等.小型有机朗肯循环系统中工质泵的效率[J].化工进展, 2016, 35(4):1027-1032.YE J Q, ZHAO L, DENG S, et al. Efficiency of working fluid pump in asmall-scale organic Rankine cycle system[J]. Chemical Industry andEngineering Progress, 2016, 35(4):1027-1032.
[17] PERIS B, NAVARRO-ESBRíJ, MOLéS F, et al. Experimentalcharacterization of an organic Rankine cycle(ORC)for micro-scaleCHP applications[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2015, 79:1-8.
[18]李晶,裴刚,季杰.利用重力增压的新型有机工质热力发电循环[J].工程热物理学报, 2012, 33(5):729-734.LI J, PEI G, JI J. A novel organic thermodynamic cycle on the use ofgravity for pressurization[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2012, 33(5):729-734.
[2]袁振宏,罗文,吕鹏梅,等.生物质能产业现状及发展前景[J].化工进展, 2009, 28(10):1687-1692.YUAN Z H, LUO W, LüP M, et al. Status and prospect of biomassenergy industry[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2009,28(10):1687-1692.
[3]路会同,江龙,王丽伟,等.低温余热驱动的无泵有机朗肯循环瞬时稳态发电性能[J].化工学报, 2017, 68(12):4709-4716.LU H T, JIANG L, WANG L W, et al. Instantaneous steady state ofpumpless organic Rankine cycle driven by low temperature heat source[J]. CIESC Journal, 2017, 68(12):4709-4716.
[4]许永红,童亮,石智成,等.二甲醚与氢气稀混合气在中低温条件下的着火延迟特性[J].兵工学报, 39(4):655-663.XU Y H, TONG L, SHI Z C, et al. Ignition delay characteristics ofDME/H2lean mixtures at low-to-medium temperature[J]. ActaArmamentarii, 2018, 39(4):655-663.
[5]曹泷,刘秀龙,张鸣,等.有机朗肯循环发电系统变工况运行的实验研究[J].化工进展, 2018, 37(1):88-95.CAO S, LIU X L, ZHANG M, et al. Experimental study of organic Rankine cycle power generation system under various operatingconditions[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(1):88-95.
[6]吴国策,朱兴仪,赵英汝,等.一种新型的太阳能驱动ORC-HP热电联产耦合系统[J].化工进展, 2017, 36(s1):195-202.WU G C, ZHU X Y, ZHAO Y R, et al. A new type of solar-drivenORC-HP combined heat and power coupling system[J]. ChemicalIndustry and Engineering Progress, 2017, 36(s1):195-202.
[7]王建永,王江峰,王红阳,等.有机朗肯循环地热发电系统工质选择[J].工程热物理学报, 2017, 38(1):11-17.WANG J Y, WANG J F, WANG H Y, et al. Selection of working fluidfor organic Rankine cycle used in geothermal power plant[J]. Journal ofEngineering Thermophysics, 2017, 38(1):11-17.
[8] WANG J F, WANG M, LI M Q, et al. Multi-objective optimizationdesign of condenser in an organic Rankine cycle for low grade wasteheat recovery using evolutionary algorithm[J]. InternationalCommunications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2013, 45:47-54.
[9] QUOILIN S, VAN D, DECLAYE S, et al. Techno-economic survey oforganic Rankine cycle(ORC)systems[J]. Renewable and SustainableEnergy Reviews, 2013, 22:168-186.
[10]张红光,杨宇鑫,孟凡骁,等.有机朗肯循环系统中工质泵的运行性能[J].化工学报, 2017, 68(9):3573-3579.ZHANG H G, YANG Y X, MENG F X, et al. Running performance ofworking fluid pump for organic Rankine cycle system[J]. CIESCJournal, 2017, 68(9):3573-3579.
[11] BORSUKIEWICZ G. A pumping work in the organic Rankine cycle[J].Applied Thermal Engineering, 2013, 51(1/2):781-786.
[12] VéLEZ F, SEGOVIA J J, MARTíN M C, et al. A technical, economicaland market review of organic Rankine cycles for the conversion of low-grade heat for power generation[J]. General Information, 2012, 16(6):4175-4189.
[13] GALLONI E, FONTANA G, STACCONE S. Design and experimentalanalysis of a mini ORC(organic Rankine cycle)power plant based onR245fa working fluid[J]. Energy, 2015, 90:768-775.
[14] LANDELLE A, TAUVERON N, REVELLIN R, et al. Performanceinvestigation of reciprocating pump running with organic fluid fororganic Rankine cycle[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017, 113:962-969.
[15]杨绪飞,邹景煌,戚风亮,等.用于有机朗肯循环的三柱塞泵运行性能实验[J].农业机械学报, 2015, 46(8):367-371.YANG X F, ZOU J H, QI F L, et al. Experiment on tri-plunger pumpperformance in organic Rankine cycle system[J]. Transactions of theChinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2015, 46(8):367-371.
[16]叶佳琦,赵力,邓帅,等.小型有机朗肯循环系统中工质泵的效率[J].化工进展, 2016, 35(4):1027-1032.YE J Q, ZHAO L, DENG S, et al. Efficiency of working fluid pump in asmall-scale organic Rankine cycle system[J]. Chemical Industry andEngineering Progress, 2016, 35(4):1027-1032.
[17] PERIS B, NAVARRO-ESBRíJ, MOLéS F, et al. Experimentalcharacterization of an organic Rankine cycle(ORC)for micro-scaleCHP applications[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2015, 79:1-8.
[18]李晶,裴刚,季杰.利用重力增压的新型有机工质热力发电循环[J].工程热物理学报, 2012, 33(5):729-734.LI J, PEI G, JI J. A novel organic thermodynamic cycle on the use ofgravity for pressurization[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2012, 33(5):729-734.