供应链环境下中小OEM企业安全生产决策的演化
|
摘要
为研究供应链环境下中小OEM企业安全生产决策的演化规律,构建核心企业与中小OEM企业安全生产决策交互的演化博弈模型,分析了系统均衡点的存在性及稳定性,并通过数值仿真展示出博弈主体不同初始策略和不同收益取值对于系统演化结果的影响。研究发现,博弈主体收益取值范围的不同会影响系统均衡点的个数和稳定性;当系统收敛于(严格监督,严格遵循)的期望模式或(宽松监督,敷衍遵循)的"不良锁定"模式时,可以通过调节相关收益值使其朝期望模式演化。通过激励核心企业履行供应链安全生产治理责任,提高中小OEM企业安全生产投入,进而提高供应链的整体安全水平。
The evolutionary rules of work-safety strategies of small and medium-sized OEMs in supply chain are explored.An evolutionary game model, which depicts mutual interactions of different work-safety strategies from core enterprises and small and medium-sized OEMs, is built to analyze the existence and stability of system equilibrium points. The influence from different initial conditions of two agents and different parameters' variations is demonstrated through numerical simulation. It is found that different payoffs affect the stability of equilibrium and the evolutionary trend, and that the system evolves into two different patterns which are respectively "strict supervision and strict compliance" and "loose supervision and perfunctory compliance". It is feasible to make the system evolve to the former desired pattern through modifying payoffs,avoiding the latter undesired pattern. Based on the conclusion drawn in this research, it's likely to improve work safety condition of the whole supply chain by encouraging core enterprises to strictly supervise small and medium-sized OEMs.
The evolutionary rules of work-safety strategies of small and medium-sized OEMs in supply chain are explored.An evolutionary game model, which depicts mutual interactions of different work-safety strategies from core enterprises and small and medium-sized OEMs, is built to analyze the existence and stability of system equilibrium points. The influence from different initial conditions of two agents and different parameters' variations is demonstrated through numerical simulation. It is found that different payoffs affect the stability of equilibrium and the evolutionary trend, and that the system evolves into two different patterns which are respectively "strict supervision and strict compliance" and "loose supervision and perfunctory compliance". It is feasible to make the system evolve to the former desired pattern through modifying payoffs,avoiding the latter undesired pattern. Based on the conclusion drawn in this research, it's likely to improve work safety condition of the whole supply chain by encouraging core enterprises to strictly supervise small and medium-sized OEMs.
引文
[1]杨桂菊,程兆谦,侯丽敏,等.代工企业转型升级的多元路径研究[J].管理科学,2017,30(4):124-138.YANG Guiju,CHENG Zhaoqian,HOU Limin,et al.The research on the multiple paths of OEM enterprises transition and upgrading[J].Journal of Management Science,2017,30(4):124-138.
[2]尚涛,陶建宏.全球价值链中代工企业转型盲区、知识搜寻与升级机制研究[J].科技进步与对策,2018,35(7):141-147.SHANG Tao,TAO Jianhong.Research on the transformation and upgrading mechanism related to blind spot and knowledge search of foundry enterprises in the global value chain[J].Science&Technology Progress and Policy,2018,35(7):141-147.
[3]何明珂,王文举.现代供应链发展的国际镜鉴与中国策略[J].改革,2018,35(2):22-35.HE Mingke,WANG Wenju.International experience and Chinese strategy in supply chain development of modern times[J].Reform,2018,35(2):22-35.
[4]杨桂菊.代工企业转型升级:演进路径的理论模型--基于3家本土企业的案例研究[J].管理世界,2010(6):132-143.
[5]吴斯丹,毛蕴诗.代工企业--国外品牌客户的竞合关系与绩效研究[J].科研管理,2014,35(7):91-98.WU Sidan,MAO Yunshi.An analysis on the co-opetition relationship between subcontracting manufactures and foreign branding buyers and their performance[J].Science Research Management,2014,35(7):91-98.
[6]吴解生.代工企业的成长空间与竞争策略--中国台湾宝成工业的发展经验与启示[J].经济问题探索,2010(2):109-113.
[7]WALTERS D,JAMES P.What motivates employers to establish preventive management arrangements within supply chains?[J].Safety Science,2011,49(7):988-994.
[8]JAMES P,WALTERS D,SAMPSON H,et al.Protecting workers through supply chains:lessons from two construction case studies[J].Economic&Industrial Democracy,2014,36(4):1-22.
[9]LEVIS J.Adoption of corporate social responsibility codes by multinational companies[J].Journal of Asian Economics,2006,17(1):50-55.
[10]丁玲,吴金希.核心企业与商业生态系统的案例研究:互利共生与捕食共生战略[J].管理评论,2017,29(7):244-257.DING Ling,WU Jinxi.Case study of core enterprise and business ecosystems:strategies of mutualism symbiosis and predation symbiosis[J].Management Review,2017,29(7):244-257.
[11]JAMES P,JOHNSTONE R,QUINLAN M,et al.Regulating supply chains to improve health and safety[J].Industrial Law Journal,2007,36(2):163-188.
[12]QUINLAN M,MAYHEW C,BOHLE P.The global expansion of precarious employment,work disorganization,and consequences for occupational health:a review of recent research[J].International Journal of Health Services,2001,31(2):335-414.
[13]JOHNSTONE R,QUINLAN M,WALTERS D.Statutory occupational health and safety workplace arrangements for the modern labor market[J].The Journal of Industrial Relations,2005,47(1):93-116.
[14]NOSSAR I,JOHNSTONE R,QUINLAN M.Regulating supply-chains to address the occupational health and safety problems associated with precarious employment:the case of homebased clothing workers in Australia[J].Australian Journal of Labor Law,2004,17(2):1-24.
[15]JOHNSTONE R,MAYHEW C,QUINLAN M.Outsourcing risk-the regulation of occupational health and safety where subcontractors are employed[J].Comparative Labor Law Journal&Policy Journal,2000,22(2-3):351-394.
[16]QUINLAN M,BOHLE P.Under pressure,out of control or home alone?Reviewing research and policy debates on the OHSeffects of outsourcing and home-based work[J].International Journal of Health Services,2008,38(3):489-525.
[17]MAYHEW C,QUINLAN M.Subcontracting and occupational health and safety in the residential building industry[J].Industrial Relations Journal,1997,28(3):192-205.
[18]MAYHEW C,QUINLAN M,BENNETT L.The effects of subcontracting on occupational health and safety[J].Safety Science,1997,25(1-3):163-178.
[19]吴定玉.供应链企业社会责任管理研究[J].中国软科学,2013(2):55-63.WU Dingyu.Research on corporate social responsibility management of supply chain[J].China Soft Science,2013(2):55-63.
[20]龚浩,郭春香,李胜.基于消费者偏好的供应链社会责任内在动力研究[J].软科学,2012,26(12):45-49.GONG Hao,GUO Chunxiang,LI Sheng.Research on internal motivations of fulfilling supply chain social responsibility based on consumer preferences[J].Soft Science,2012,26(12):45-49.
[21]黄伟,陈钊.外资进入,供应链压力与中国企业社会责任[J].管理世界,2015(2):91-101.HUANG Wei,CHEN Zhao.Foreign capital entry,pressure in supply chain and Chinese corporate social responsibility[J].Management World,2015(2):91-101.
[22]梅强,马国建,杜建国,等.中小企业安全生产管制路径演化研究[J].中国管理科学,2009,17(2):160-168.MEI Qiang,MA Guojian,DU Jianguo,et al.A study of the evolution route of supervising safety in SME production[J].China Journal of Management Science,2009,17(2):160-168.
[23]陆玉梅,梅强.中小企业安全投资状况的调查与分析[J].中国安全科学学报,2006,16(3):40-45.LU Yumei,MEI Qiang.Investigation and analysis on the status of safety investment in medium and small-scale enterprises[J].China Safety Science Journal,2006,16(3):40-45.
[24]杨德礼,郭琼,何勇,等.供应链契约研究进展[J].管理学报,2006,3(1):117-125.YANG Deli,GUO Qiong,HE Yong,et al.Review of supply chain contracts[J].Chinese Journal of Management,2006,3(1):117-125.
[25]LEVINE D K,PESENDORFER W.The evolution of cooperation through imitation[J].Games and Economic Behavior,2007,58(2):293-315.
[26]SCHMIDT C.Are evolutionary games another way of thinking about game theory?[J].Journal of Evolutionary Economics,2004,14(2):249-262.
[27]石岿然,马胡杰.供应链企业信任分析的演化分析与实证研究[M].北京:经济科学出社,2018.
[28]李金良,乔明哲.基于全球供应链管理中企业的社会责任治理[J].管理学刊,2011(6):38-41.LI Jinliang,QIAO Mingzhe.Management of corporate social responsibility based on global supply chain management[J].Journal of Management,2011(6):38-41.
[29]李海芹,张子刚.CSR对企业声誉及顾客忠诚影响的实证研究[J].南开管理评论,2010,13(1):90-98.LI Haiqin,ZHANG Zigang.An empirical study on the effects of corporate social responsibility on corporate reputation and customer loyalty[J].NanKai Business Review,2010,13(1):90-98.
[30]李庆华,胡建政.企业社会责任与企业竞争优势的关系研究--来自沪深两市上市公司的经验证据[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2011,32(8):139-148.LI Qinghua,HU Jianzheng.Study on the impact of corporate social responsibility on corporate competitive advantage:evidence from Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges[J].Science of Science and Management of Science&Technology,2011,32(8):139-148.
[31]胡继灵,杨丽伟.论供应链企业间社会责任缺失风险的传导[J].现代物业,2010,9(2):101-102.HU Jiling,YANG Liwei.Review on transmission of corporate social responsibility loss in supply chain[J].Modern Property Management,2010,9(2):101-102.
[32]梅强,仲晶晶,张菁菁,等.溢出效应下集群企业安全生产决策的演化路径[J].系统管理学报,2018(1):40-49.MEI Qiang,ZHONG Jingjing,ZHANG Jingjing,et al.Evolutionary route of work safety strategies in cluster’s enterprises under spillover effect[J].Journal of Systems&Management,2018(1):40-49.
[33]Friedman D.Evolutionary games in economics[J].Econometrica,1991,59(3):637-666.
[34]申电.代工企业社会责任表现对跨国公司形象的影响研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2012.SHEN Dian.A study on the effect of manufacturing outsourcing enterprise's CSR performance to MNC's image[D].Shanghai:East China Normal University,2012.
[35]HARRISON A,SCORSE J.Multinationals and anti-sweatshop activism[J].The American Economic Review,2010,100(1):247-273.
[2]尚涛,陶建宏.全球价值链中代工企业转型盲区、知识搜寻与升级机制研究[J].科技进步与对策,2018,35(7):141-147.SHANG Tao,TAO Jianhong.Research on the transformation and upgrading mechanism related to blind spot and knowledge search of foundry enterprises in the global value chain[J].Science&Technology Progress and Policy,2018,35(7):141-147.
[3]何明珂,王文举.现代供应链发展的国际镜鉴与中国策略[J].改革,2018,35(2):22-35.HE Mingke,WANG Wenju.International experience and Chinese strategy in supply chain development of modern times[J].Reform,2018,35(2):22-35.
[4]杨桂菊.代工企业转型升级:演进路径的理论模型--基于3家本土企业的案例研究[J].管理世界,2010(6):132-143.
[5]吴斯丹,毛蕴诗.代工企业--国外品牌客户的竞合关系与绩效研究[J].科研管理,2014,35(7):91-98.WU Sidan,MAO Yunshi.An analysis on the co-opetition relationship between subcontracting manufactures and foreign branding buyers and their performance[J].Science Research Management,2014,35(7):91-98.
[6]吴解生.代工企业的成长空间与竞争策略--中国台湾宝成工业的发展经验与启示[J].经济问题探索,2010(2):109-113.
[7]WALTERS D,JAMES P.What motivates employers to establish preventive management arrangements within supply chains?[J].Safety Science,2011,49(7):988-994.
[8]JAMES P,WALTERS D,SAMPSON H,et al.Protecting workers through supply chains:lessons from two construction case studies[J].Economic&Industrial Democracy,2014,36(4):1-22.
[9]LEVIS J.Adoption of corporate social responsibility codes by multinational companies[J].Journal of Asian Economics,2006,17(1):50-55.
[10]丁玲,吴金希.核心企业与商业生态系统的案例研究:互利共生与捕食共生战略[J].管理评论,2017,29(7):244-257.DING Ling,WU Jinxi.Case study of core enterprise and business ecosystems:strategies of mutualism symbiosis and predation symbiosis[J].Management Review,2017,29(7):244-257.
[11]JAMES P,JOHNSTONE R,QUINLAN M,et al.Regulating supply chains to improve health and safety[J].Industrial Law Journal,2007,36(2):163-188.
[12]QUINLAN M,MAYHEW C,BOHLE P.The global expansion of precarious employment,work disorganization,and consequences for occupational health:a review of recent research[J].International Journal of Health Services,2001,31(2):335-414.
[13]JOHNSTONE R,QUINLAN M,WALTERS D.Statutory occupational health and safety workplace arrangements for the modern labor market[J].The Journal of Industrial Relations,2005,47(1):93-116.
[14]NOSSAR I,JOHNSTONE R,QUINLAN M.Regulating supply-chains to address the occupational health and safety problems associated with precarious employment:the case of homebased clothing workers in Australia[J].Australian Journal of Labor Law,2004,17(2):1-24.
[15]JOHNSTONE R,MAYHEW C,QUINLAN M.Outsourcing risk-the regulation of occupational health and safety where subcontractors are employed[J].Comparative Labor Law Journal&Policy Journal,2000,22(2-3):351-394.
[16]QUINLAN M,BOHLE P.Under pressure,out of control or home alone?Reviewing research and policy debates on the OHSeffects of outsourcing and home-based work[J].International Journal of Health Services,2008,38(3):489-525.
[17]MAYHEW C,QUINLAN M.Subcontracting and occupational health and safety in the residential building industry[J].Industrial Relations Journal,1997,28(3):192-205.
[18]MAYHEW C,QUINLAN M,BENNETT L.The effects of subcontracting on occupational health and safety[J].Safety Science,1997,25(1-3):163-178.
[19]吴定玉.供应链企业社会责任管理研究[J].中国软科学,2013(2):55-63.WU Dingyu.Research on corporate social responsibility management of supply chain[J].China Soft Science,2013(2):55-63.
[20]龚浩,郭春香,李胜.基于消费者偏好的供应链社会责任内在动力研究[J].软科学,2012,26(12):45-49.GONG Hao,GUO Chunxiang,LI Sheng.Research on internal motivations of fulfilling supply chain social responsibility based on consumer preferences[J].Soft Science,2012,26(12):45-49.
[21]黄伟,陈钊.外资进入,供应链压力与中国企业社会责任[J].管理世界,2015(2):91-101.HUANG Wei,CHEN Zhao.Foreign capital entry,pressure in supply chain and Chinese corporate social responsibility[J].Management World,2015(2):91-101.
[22]梅强,马国建,杜建国,等.中小企业安全生产管制路径演化研究[J].中国管理科学,2009,17(2):160-168.MEI Qiang,MA Guojian,DU Jianguo,et al.A study of the evolution route of supervising safety in SME production[J].China Journal of Management Science,2009,17(2):160-168.
[23]陆玉梅,梅强.中小企业安全投资状况的调查与分析[J].中国安全科学学报,2006,16(3):40-45.LU Yumei,MEI Qiang.Investigation and analysis on the status of safety investment in medium and small-scale enterprises[J].China Safety Science Journal,2006,16(3):40-45.
[24]杨德礼,郭琼,何勇,等.供应链契约研究进展[J].管理学报,2006,3(1):117-125.YANG Deli,GUO Qiong,HE Yong,et al.Review of supply chain contracts[J].Chinese Journal of Management,2006,3(1):117-125.
[25]LEVINE D K,PESENDORFER W.The evolution of cooperation through imitation[J].Games and Economic Behavior,2007,58(2):293-315.
[26]SCHMIDT C.Are evolutionary games another way of thinking about game theory?[J].Journal of Evolutionary Economics,2004,14(2):249-262.
[27]石岿然,马胡杰.供应链企业信任分析的演化分析与实证研究[M].北京:经济科学出社,2018.
[28]李金良,乔明哲.基于全球供应链管理中企业的社会责任治理[J].管理学刊,2011(6):38-41.LI Jinliang,QIAO Mingzhe.Management of corporate social responsibility based on global supply chain management[J].Journal of Management,2011(6):38-41.
[29]李海芹,张子刚.CSR对企业声誉及顾客忠诚影响的实证研究[J].南开管理评论,2010,13(1):90-98.LI Haiqin,ZHANG Zigang.An empirical study on the effects of corporate social responsibility on corporate reputation and customer loyalty[J].NanKai Business Review,2010,13(1):90-98.
[30]李庆华,胡建政.企业社会责任与企业竞争优势的关系研究--来自沪深两市上市公司的经验证据[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2011,32(8):139-148.LI Qinghua,HU Jianzheng.Study on the impact of corporate social responsibility on corporate competitive advantage:evidence from Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges[J].Science of Science and Management of Science&Technology,2011,32(8):139-148.
[31]胡继灵,杨丽伟.论供应链企业间社会责任缺失风险的传导[J].现代物业,2010,9(2):101-102.HU Jiling,YANG Liwei.Review on transmission of corporate social responsibility loss in supply chain[J].Modern Property Management,2010,9(2):101-102.
[32]梅强,仲晶晶,张菁菁,等.溢出效应下集群企业安全生产决策的演化路径[J].系统管理学报,2018(1):40-49.MEI Qiang,ZHONG Jingjing,ZHANG Jingjing,et al.Evolutionary route of work safety strategies in cluster’s enterprises under spillover effect[J].Journal of Systems&Management,2018(1):40-49.
[33]Friedman D.Evolutionary games in economics[J].Econometrica,1991,59(3):637-666.
[34]申电.代工企业社会责任表现对跨国公司形象的影响研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2012.SHEN Dian.A study on the effect of manufacturing outsourcing enterprise's CSR performance to MNC's image[D].Shanghai:East China Normal University,2012.
[35]HARRISON A,SCORSE J.Multinationals and anti-sweatshop activism[J].The American Economic Review,2010,100(1):247-273.