干旱胁迫条件下AM真菌对蓝莓光合特性及矿质元素含量的影响
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摘要
旨在进一步明确丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal, AM)真菌摩西球囊霉(Glomus mosseae)提高蓝莓抗旱性的机制。采用盆栽实验研究了在中度干旱胁迫条件下AM真菌对南高丛蓝莓"奥尼尔"叶片光合特性及矿质元素含量的影响。结果表明:中度干旱显著降低了蓝莓菌根侵染率、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、PSII原初光能转化效率(Fv/Fm)以及叶片磷(P)、镁(Mg)及铁(Fe)含量;在中度干旱胁迫条件下,AM真菌接种显著提高了蓝莓叶片叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量、Pn、Tr、Gs、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、Fv/Fm以及P、Mg和Fe含量,而对钾(K)和锰(Mn)含量并无显著性影响。可见中度干旱胁迫主要通过降低PSII光能转化效率等非气孔因素来抑制蓝莓的光合速率;但在中度干旱胁迫条件下,AM真菌则通过气孔因素和非气孔因素来提高蓝莓的光合效率,进而有利于提高其抗旱性。
For further clarifying the drought-resistant mechanism of blueberry improved by the arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM) fungus Glomus mosseae, a pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of AM fungus on the photosynthetic characteristics and mineral element concentrations in the leaves of southern highbush blueberry'O'Neal'(Vaccinium corymbosum) under moderate drought stress. The results showed that moderate drought treatment significantly decreased the mycorrhizal colonization rate, net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr), stomatal conductance(Gs), original light energy conversion efficiency of PSII(Fv/Fm),phosphorus(P), magnesium(Mg) and iron(Fe) concentration in the leaves of blueberry. Under moderate drought stress, AM inoculation significantly enhanced leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations, Pn, Tr,Gs, intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci), Fv/Fm, concentration of P, Mg and Fe, but it had no significant effect on potassium(K) and manganese(Mn) concentration in the leaves of blueberry. Thus, moderate drought stress treatment inhibits the rate of photosynthesis in blueberry mainly through the non-stomatal factors such as decreasing the light energy conversion efficiency of PSII. However, under moderate drought stress, AM inoculation enhances photosynthetic efficiency of blueberry through both non-stomatal and stomatal factors,which are beneficial to enhance blueberry's drought resistance.
For further clarifying the drought-resistant mechanism of blueberry improved by the arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM) fungus Glomus mosseae, a pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of AM fungus on the photosynthetic characteristics and mineral element concentrations in the leaves of southern highbush blueberry'O'Neal'(Vaccinium corymbosum) under moderate drought stress. The results showed that moderate drought treatment significantly decreased the mycorrhizal colonization rate, net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr), stomatal conductance(Gs), original light energy conversion efficiency of PSII(Fv/Fm),phosphorus(P), magnesium(Mg) and iron(Fe) concentration in the leaves of blueberry. Under moderate drought stress, AM inoculation significantly enhanced leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations, Pn, Tr,Gs, intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci), Fv/Fm, concentration of P, Mg and Fe, but it had no significant effect on potassium(K) and manganese(Mn) concentration in the leaves of blueberry. Thus, moderate drought stress treatment inhibits the rate of photosynthesis in blueberry mainly through the non-stomatal factors such as decreasing the light energy conversion efficiency of PSII. However, under moderate drought stress, AM inoculation enhances photosynthetic efficiency of blueberry through both non-stomatal and stomatal factors,which are beneficial to enhance blueberry's drought resistance.
引文
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[9]高丽霞,李森,莫爱琼,等.丛枝菌根真菌接种对兔眼蓝莓在华南地区生长的影响[J].生态环境学报,2012,21(8):1413-1417.
[10]许庆龙,刘晓敏,徐小兵,等.4种丛枝菌根真菌对南高丛蓝莓抗旱性的影响[J].浙江大学学报:农业与生命科学版,2016,42(4):427-434.
[11] Wu Q S, Srivastava A K, Zou Y N. AMF-induced tolerance todrought stress in citrus:A review[J].Scientia Horticulturae, 2013,164:77-87.
[12]盛萍萍,刘润进,李敏.丛枝菌根观察与侵染率测定方法的比较[J].菌物学报,2011,30(4):519-525.
[13]李得孝,员海燕,郭月霞,等.混合液浸提法测定玉米叶绿素含量的研究[J].玉米科学,2006,14(1):117-119.
[14]柴胜丰,韦霄,史艳财,等.强光胁迫对濒危植物金花茶幼苗生长和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].植物研究,2012,32(2):159-164.
[15]李性苑,杨芩,田鑫,等.栽培蓝莓菌根侵染特性研究[J].中国南方果树,2015,44(4):11-15.
[16] Farquhar G D, Sharkey T D. Stomatal conductance andphotosynthesis[J]. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 1982,33:317-345.
[17]周振翔,李志康,陈颖,等.叶绿素含量降低对水稻叶片光抑制与光合电子传递的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(19):3709-3720.
[18]陈丽,王振兴,艾军,等.干旱胁迫对山葡萄左山二幼苗叶片光系统Ⅱ活性的影响[J].果树学报,2011,28(6):977-983.
[19]张守仁.叶绿素荧光动力学参数的意义及讨论[J].植物学通报,1999,16(4):444-448.
[20]吴雪俊,安静,肖家欣,等.丛枝菌根提高百喜草抗旱性的机制研究(英文)[J].安徽师范大学学报:自然科学版,2014,37(1):47-52.
[2]陈文荣,曾玮玮,李云霞,等.高丛蓝莓对干旱胁迫的生理响应及其抗旱性综合评价[J].园艺学报,2012,39(4):637-646.
[3] Haynes R, Swift R. Growth and nutrient uptake by highbushblueberry plants in a peat medium as influenced by pH, appliedmicronutrients and mycorrhizal inoculation[J]. Scientiahorticulturae, 1985,27(3):285-94.
[4]刘润进,焦惠,李岩,等.丛枝菌根真菌物种多样性研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(9):2301-2307.
[5]袁继鑫.野生蓝莓菌根真菌的分离、鉴定及接种效应[D].北京:北京林业大学,2013.
[6] Arriagada C, Manquel D, Cornejo P, et al. Effects of the co-inoculation with saprobe and mycorrhizal fungi on Vacciniumcorymbosum growth and some soil enzymatic activities[J]. Journalof Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,2012,12(2):283-294.
[7] Liu X M, Xu Q L, Li Q Q, et al. Physiological responses of the twoblueberry cultivars to inoculation with an arbuscular mycorrhizalfungus under low-temperature stress[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition,2017,40:2562-2570.
[8] Vega A, Garciga M, Rodriguez A, et al. Blueberries mycorrhizalsymbiosis outside of the boundaries of natural dispersion forericaceous plants in Chile[A].Proceedings of the IX InternationalVaccinium Symposium. Korbeek-Lo[C]. Belgium, 2009:665-672.
[9]高丽霞,李森,莫爱琼,等.丛枝菌根真菌接种对兔眼蓝莓在华南地区生长的影响[J].生态环境学报,2012,21(8):1413-1417.
[10]许庆龙,刘晓敏,徐小兵,等.4种丛枝菌根真菌对南高丛蓝莓抗旱性的影响[J].浙江大学学报:农业与生命科学版,2016,42(4):427-434.
[11] Wu Q S, Srivastava A K, Zou Y N. AMF-induced tolerance todrought stress in citrus:A review[J].Scientia Horticulturae, 2013,164:77-87.
[12]盛萍萍,刘润进,李敏.丛枝菌根观察与侵染率测定方法的比较[J].菌物学报,2011,30(4):519-525.
[13]李得孝,员海燕,郭月霞,等.混合液浸提法测定玉米叶绿素含量的研究[J].玉米科学,2006,14(1):117-119.
[14]柴胜丰,韦霄,史艳财,等.强光胁迫对濒危植物金花茶幼苗生长和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].植物研究,2012,32(2):159-164.
[15]李性苑,杨芩,田鑫,等.栽培蓝莓菌根侵染特性研究[J].中国南方果树,2015,44(4):11-15.
[16] Farquhar G D, Sharkey T D. Stomatal conductance andphotosynthesis[J]. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 1982,33:317-345.
[17]周振翔,李志康,陈颖,等.叶绿素含量降低对水稻叶片光抑制与光合电子传递的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(19):3709-3720.
[18]陈丽,王振兴,艾军,等.干旱胁迫对山葡萄左山二幼苗叶片光系统Ⅱ活性的影响[J].果树学报,2011,28(6):977-983.
[19]张守仁.叶绿素荧光动力学参数的意义及讨论[J].植物学通报,1999,16(4):444-448.
[20]吴雪俊,安静,肖家欣,等.丛枝菌根提高百喜草抗旱性的机制研究(英文)[J].安徽师范大学学报:自然科学版,2014,37(1):47-52.