施肥对硫华菊和波斯菊吸收积累铅的影响
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摘要
利用盆栽试验研究了不同施肥处理下(N、NP和NPK)两种菊科植物(硫华菊和波斯菊)对北方污染农田土壤铅(Pb)吸收和转运的影响。结果表明:施肥均可显著增加硫华菊和波斯菊的生物量、地上部Pb浓度和富集量,其中NPK肥处理对植物富集重金属促进效果最为显著,硫华菊和波斯菊地上部Pb浓度分别是其他处理组的1.59~1.89倍和1.17~1.32倍,地上部Pb富集量分别是对照组的1.15~3.21倍和1.18~4.28倍;施肥处理也显著提高了两种植物对Pb的转运能力,硫华菊和波斯菊的富集系数(BCF)分别达0.17(对照)~0.22(NPK处理)、0.29(对照)~0.36(NPK处理);对Pb在两种植物叶片的亚细胞分布进一步分析表明,金属富集颗粒(MRG)是Pb在硫华菊和波斯菊亚细胞结构中的主要富集部位(大于70%);硫华菊和波斯菊可考虑作为Pb污染土壤的植物修复材料,合理NPK肥可明显提高其对土壤Pb的修复效率;硫华菊修复效果高于波斯菊。
A pot experiment was conducted to assess the phytoextraction potential for lead( Pb)of Cosmos sulphureus and Cosmos bipinnatus under different treatments of N,NP and NPK fertilizer applications in Pb-contaminated soils collected from northern China. The results showed that fertilization significantly increased the biomass,shoot Pb concentrations and accumulation in both C. sulphureus and C. bipinnatus. Especially,NPK fertilization had strongest effects on Pb accumulation. Lead concentrations in the shoots of C. sulphureus and C. bipinnatus under NPK treatment were 1.59-1.89 and 1.17-1.32 times as high as that under other treatments. The enrichment amounts of Pb in the shoots were 1.15-3.21 and 1.18-4.28 times as high as that under the control treatment,respectively. Fertilization treatment significantly improved the transport ability of Pb of both species. The bioconcentration factors( BCF) increased from 0.17 in the control to0.22 in the NPK treatment for C. sulphureus,and from 0. 29 in the control to 0. 36 in the NPK treatment for C. bipinnatus. The metal-enriched particles( MRG) were the major enriched position in the subcellular fractions of both species( more than 70%). In conclusion,C. sulphureus and C. bipinnatus can be used as plant materials for remediation of Pb-contaminated soil. Moreover,NPK fertilizers can effectively improve remediation efficiency,and C. sulphureus performs better than C. bipinnatus.
A pot experiment was conducted to assess the phytoextraction potential for lead( Pb)of Cosmos sulphureus and Cosmos bipinnatus under different treatments of N,NP and NPK fertilizer applications in Pb-contaminated soils collected from northern China. The results showed that fertilization significantly increased the biomass,shoot Pb concentrations and accumulation in both C. sulphureus and C. bipinnatus. Especially,NPK fertilization had strongest effects on Pb accumulation. Lead concentrations in the shoots of C. sulphureus and C. bipinnatus under NPK treatment were 1.59-1.89 and 1.17-1.32 times as high as that under other treatments. The enrichment amounts of Pb in the shoots were 1.15-3.21 and 1.18-4.28 times as high as that under the control treatment,respectively. Fertilization treatment significantly improved the transport ability of Pb of both species. The bioconcentration factors( BCF) increased from 0.17 in the control to0.22 in the NPK treatment for C. sulphureus,and from 0. 29 in the control to 0. 36 in the NPK treatment for C. bipinnatus. The metal-enriched particles( MRG) were the major enriched position in the subcellular fractions of both species( more than 70%). In conclusion,C. sulphureus and C. bipinnatus can be used as plant materials for remediation of Pb-contaminated soil. Moreover,NPK fertilizers can effectively improve remediation efficiency,and C. sulphureus performs better than C. bipinnatus.
引文
蔡美芳,李开明,谢丹平,等.2014.我国耕地土壤重金属污染现状与防治对策研究.环境科学与技术,37(s2):223-230.
陈同斌,韦朝阳,黄泽春,等.2002.砷超富集植物蜈蚣草及其对砷的富集特征.科学通报,47(3):207-210.
崔爽,周启星,李萍,等.2009.几种观赏花卉对土壤铅的吸收特性和抗性能力研究.江西科学,27(1):157-160.
高超,李军,韩颖,等.2015.不同磷肥对水稻铅积累的影响及其机理.环境科学学报,35(1):288-293.
顾国平,章明奎.2006.蔬菜地土壤有效态重金属提取方法的比较.生态与农村环境学报,22(4):67-70.
郭勇,童艳君.2012.我国农业土壤重金属污染现状及防治对策.现代农业科技,(18):220-221.
黄化刚,李廷强,朱治强,等.2012.可溶性磷肥对重金属复合污染土壤东南景天提取锌/镉及其养分积累的影响.植物营养与肥料学报,18(2):382-389.
李翠兰,邵泽强,王玉军,等.2010.几种花卉植物对铅富集特征的研究.水土保持学报,24(4):127-130.
李凝玉,李志安,庄萍,等.2012.施肥对两种苋菜吸收积累镉的影响.生态学报,32(18):5937-5942.
廖晓勇,陈同斌,阎秀兰,等.2008.不同磷肥对砷超富集植物蜈蚣草修复砷污染土壤的影响.环境科学,29(10):2906-2911.
林立金,马倩倩,石军,等.2016.花卉植物硫华菊的镉积累特性研究.水土保持学报,30(3):141-146.
刘家女,周启星,孙挺.2006.Cd-Pb复合污染条件下3种花卉植物的生长反应及超积累特性研究.环境科学学报,26(12):2039-2044.
邢维芹,李立平,王琳,等.2009.磷肥和黑麦草结合修复铅污染贫磷潮土的研究.生态毒理学报,4(5):718-725.
杨明琰,梁语燕,曾德榜,等.2014.铅胁迫对黑麦草Pb富集特性及生理代谢的影响.西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,42(12):97-101.
张长锋.2016.4种花卉对镉的生理响应及富集特征研究(硕士学位论文).成都:四川农业大学.
周芙蓉.2014.侧柏和国槐对干旱和铅胁迫的耐性及对铅污染土壤的修复(硕士学位论文).杨陵:西北农林科技大学.
Fayiga A,Nwoke C.2016.Phosphate rock:Origin,importance,environmental impacts,and future roles.Environmental Reviews,24:403-415.
Finzgar N,Lestan D.2008.The two-phase leaching of Pb,Zn and Cd contaminated soil using EDTA and electrochemical treatment of the washing solution.Chemosphere,73:1484-1491.
Geisseler D,Scow KM.2014.Long-term effects of mineral fertilizers on soil microorganisms:A review.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,75:54-63.
Ghosh M,Singh SP.2005.A comparative study of cadmium phytoextraction by accumulator and weed species.Environmental Pollution,133:365-371.
Guo JM,Lei M,Yang JX,et al.2017.Effect of fertilizers on the Cd uptake of two sedum species(Sedum spectabile Boreau and Sedum aizoon L.)as potential Cd accumulators.Ecological Engineering,106:409-414.
Hu P,Yin YG,Ishikawa S,et al.2013.Nitrate facilitates cadmium uptake,transport and accumulation in the hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola.Environmental Science and Pollution Research,20:6306-6316.
Lavoie M,Le FS,Fortin C,et al.2009.Cadmium detoxification strategies in two phytoplankton species:Metal binding by newly synthesized thiolated peptides and metal sequestration in granules.Aquatic Toxicology,92:65-75.
Li CC,Dang F,Long C,et al.2014.Integration of metal chemical forms and subcellular partitioning to understand metal toxicity in two lettuce(Lactuca sativa L.)cultivars.Plant and Soil,384:201-212.
Li NY,Fu QL,Zhuang P,et al.2012.Effect of fertilizers on Cd uptake of amaranthus hypochondriacus,a high biomass,fast growing and easily cultivated potential Cd hyperaccumulator.International Journal of Phytoremediation,14:162-173.
Liu X,Fu JW,Guan DX,et al.2016.Arsenic induced phytate exudation,and promoted Fe As O4dissolution and plant growth in As-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata.Environmental Science&Technology,50:9070-9077.
Rizwan M,Ali S,Rizvi H,et al.2016.Phytomanagement of heavy metals in contaminated soils using sunflower:A review.Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology,46:1498-1528.
Sik OY,Usman ARA,Soo LS,et al.2011.Effects of rapeseed residue on lead and cadmium availability and uptake by rice plants in heavy metal contaminated paddy soil.Chemosphere,85:677-682.
Sparrow LA.1994.Field studies of cadmium in potatoes(Solanum tuberosum L.).III.Response of cv.Russet Burbank to sources of banded potassium.Australian Journal of Agricultural Research,45:243-249.
Spela K,Arcon I,Kump P,et al.2013.Influence of Cd Cl2and Cd SO4supplementation on Cd distribution and ligand environment in leaves of the Cd hyperaccumulator Noccaea(Thlaspi)praecox.Plant and Soil,370:125-148.
Tsadilas CD,Karaivazoglou NA,Tsotsolis NC,et al.2005.Cadmium uptake by tobacco as affected by liming,N form,and year of cultivation.Environmental Pollution,134:239-246.
Verkleij JAC,Sneller FEC,Schat H.2003.Metallothioneins and Phytochelatins:Ecophysiological Aspects.Sulphur in Plants.Netherlands:Springer,163-176.
Wallace WG,Lee BG,Luoma SN.2003.Subcellular compartmentalization of Cd and Zn in two bivalves.I.Significance of metal-sensitive fractions(MSF)and biologically detoxified metal(BDM).Marine Ecology Progress Series,249:183-197.
Wang XY,Liu G,Zeng L,et al.2008.Subcellular distribution and chemical forms of cadmium in Bechmeria nivea(L.)Gaud.Environmental and Experimental Botany,62:389-395.
Zhang HQ,Guo J,Yang J,et al.2015.Subcellular cadmium distribution and antioxidant enzymatic activities in the leaves of two castor(Ricinus communis L.)cultivars exhibit differences in Cd accumulation.Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,120:184-192.
陈同斌,韦朝阳,黄泽春,等.2002.砷超富集植物蜈蚣草及其对砷的富集特征.科学通报,47(3):207-210.
崔爽,周启星,李萍,等.2009.几种观赏花卉对土壤铅的吸收特性和抗性能力研究.江西科学,27(1):157-160.
高超,李军,韩颖,等.2015.不同磷肥对水稻铅积累的影响及其机理.环境科学学报,35(1):288-293.
顾国平,章明奎.2006.蔬菜地土壤有效态重金属提取方法的比较.生态与农村环境学报,22(4):67-70.
郭勇,童艳君.2012.我国农业土壤重金属污染现状及防治对策.现代农业科技,(18):220-221.
黄化刚,李廷强,朱治强,等.2012.可溶性磷肥对重金属复合污染土壤东南景天提取锌/镉及其养分积累的影响.植物营养与肥料学报,18(2):382-389.
李翠兰,邵泽强,王玉军,等.2010.几种花卉植物对铅富集特征的研究.水土保持学报,24(4):127-130.
李凝玉,李志安,庄萍,等.2012.施肥对两种苋菜吸收积累镉的影响.生态学报,32(18):5937-5942.
廖晓勇,陈同斌,阎秀兰,等.2008.不同磷肥对砷超富集植物蜈蚣草修复砷污染土壤的影响.环境科学,29(10):2906-2911.
林立金,马倩倩,石军,等.2016.花卉植物硫华菊的镉积累特性研究.水土保持学报,30(3):141-146.
刘家女,周启星,孙挺.2006.Cd-Pb复合污染条件下3种花卉植物的生长反应及超积累特性研究.环境科学学报,26(12):2039-2044.
邢维芹,李立平,王琳,等.2009.磷肥和黑麦草结合修复铅污染贫磷潮土的研究.生态毒理学报,4(5):718-725.
杨明琰,梁语燕,曾德榜,等.2014.铅胁迫对黑麦草Pb富集特性及生理代谢的影响.西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,42(12):97-101.
张长锋.2016.4种花卉对镉的生理响应及富集特征研究(硕士学位论文).成都:四川农业大学.
周芙蓉.2014.侧柏和国槐对干旱和铅胁迫的耐性及对铅污染土壤的修复(硕士学位论文).杨陵:西北农林科技大学.
Fayiga A,Nwoke C.2016.Phosphate rock:Origin,importance,environmental impacts,and future roles.Environmental Reviews,24:403-415.
Finzgar N,Lestan D.2008.The two-phase leaching of Pb,Zn and Cd contaminated soil using EDTA and electrochemical treatment of the washing solution.Chemosphere,73:1484-1491.
Geisseler D,Scow KM.2014.Long-term effects of mineral fertilizers on soil microorganisms:A review.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,75:54-63.
Ghosh M,Singh SP.2005.A comparative study of cadmium phytoextraction by accumulator and weed species.Environmental Pollution,133:365-371.
Guo JM,Lei M,Yang JX,et al.2017.Effect of fertilizers on the Cd uptake of two sedum species(Sedum spectabile Boreau and Sedum aizoon L.)as potential Cd accumulators.Ecological Engineering,106:409-414.
Hu P,Yin YG,Ishikawa S,et al.2013.Nitrate facilitates cadmium uptake,transport and accumulation in the hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola.Environmental Science and Pollution Research,20:6306-6316.
Lavoie M,Le FS,Fortin C,et al.2009.Cadmium detoxification strategies in two phytoplankton species:Metal binding by newly synthesized thiolated peptides and metal sequestration in granules.Aquatic Toxicology,92:65-75.
Li CC,Dang F,Long C,et al.2014.Integration of metal chemical forms and subcellular partitioning to understand metal toxicity in two lettuce(Lactuca sativa L.)cultivars.Plant and Soil,384:201-212.
Li NY,Fu QL,Zhuang P,et al.2012.Effect of fertilizers on Cd uptake of amaranthus hypochondriacus,a high biomass,fast growing and easily cultivated potential Cd hyperaccumulator.International Journal of Phytoremediation,14:162-173.
Liu X,Fu JW,Guan DX,et al.2016.Arsenic induced phytate exudation,and promoted Fe As O4dissolution and plant growth in As-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata.Environmental Science&Technology,50:9070-9077.
Rizwan M,Ali S,Rizvi H,et al.2016.Phytomanagement of heavy metals in contaminated soils using sunflower:A review.Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology,46:1498-1528.
Sik OY,Usman ARA,Soo LS,et al.2011.Effects of rapeseed residue on lead and cadmium availability and uptake by rice plants in heavy metal contaminated paddy soil.Chemosphere,85:677-682.
Sparrow LA.1994.Field studies of cadmium in potatoes(Solanum tuberosum L.).III.Response of cv.Russet Burbank to sources of banded potassium.Australian Journal of Agricultural Research,45:243-249.
Spela K,Arcon I,Kump P,et al.2013.Influence of Cd Cl2and Cd SO4supplementation on Cd distribution and ligand environment in leaves of the Cd hyperaccumulator Noccaea(Thlaspi)praecox.Plant and Soil,370:125-148.
Tsadilas CD,Karaivazoglou NA,Tsotsolis NC,et al.2005.Cadmium uptake by tobacco as affected by liming,N form,and year of cultivation.Environmental Pollution,134:239-246.
Verkleij JAC,Sneller FEC,Schat H.2003.Metallothioneins and Phytochelatins:Ecophysiological Aspects.Sulphur in Plants.Netherlands:Springer,163-176.
Wallace WG,Lee BG,Luoma SN.2003.Subcellular compartmentalization of Cd and Zn in two bivalves.I.Significance of metal-sensitive fractions(MSF)and biologically detoxified metal(BDM).Marine Ecology Progress Series,249:183-197.
Wang XY,Liu G,Zeng L,et al.2008.Subcellular distribution and chemical forms of cadmium in Bechmeria nivea(L.)Gaud.Environmental and Experimental Botany,62:389-395.
Zhang HQ,Guo J,Yang J,et al.2015.Subcellular cadmium distribution and antioxidant enzymatic activities in the leaves of two castor(Ricinus communis L.)cultivars exhibit differences in Cd accumulation.Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,120:184-192.