四统一四规范同步相量测量装置关键技术研究
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摘要
智能电网建设的全面深入推进,对变电站自动化系统安全可靠运行和智能分析应用提出了新需求。为此,国家电网对自动化产品提出"四统一四规范"要求。介绍一种满足同步相量测量装置"四统一四规范"要求的装置,论述装置功能模块基本架构。阐述了装置关键技术研究内容,提出一种抑制带外频率的同步相量实时计算模型,入网测试结果显示该算法远优于标准要求。提出基于Hamming窗的双插值FFT次/超同步振荡监测算法,测试结果显示其有效性。揭示了直流换流站伪低频振荡/次同步振荡产生机理,对直流换流站提出采样频率要求。描述了和电流计算及品质处理、多间隔PT/CT断线判断逻辑等功能。最后介绍了装置信息模型及通信服务相关内容。
The comprehensive and in-depth development of smart grid has brought new demands for the safe and reliable operation and intelligent analysis of substation automation system. For this reason, State Grid Corporation of China has put forward the "four unification, four standard" requirements for automation products. This paper introduces a device that meets the requirements of the phasor measurement unit "four unification, four standard". The basic structure of the function module is discussed. The research content of the key technology of the device is expounded. A real time calculation model of synchronous phasor for restraining out of band frequency is introduced, and testing results show that this algorithm is far better than the standard requirements. A double interpolating FFT subsynchronous and supersynchronous oscillation monitoring algorithm based on Hamming window is proposed, and simulation results show its effectiveness. The mechanism of the pseudo low frequency oscillation/subsynchronous oscillation in DC converter station is revealed, and the sampling frequency requirement for DC converter station is proposed. The functions of current calculation, quality processing, multiple interval PT/CT line judgment logic and so on are described. Finally, the device information model and the related content of communication service are introduced.
The comprehensive and in-depth development of smart grid has brought new demands for the safe and reliable operation and intelligent analysis of substation automation system. For this reason, State Grid Corporation of China has put forward the "four unification, four standard" requirements for automation products. This paper introduces a device that meets the requirements of the phasor measurement unit "four unification, four standard". The basic structure of the function module is discussed. The research content of the key technology of the device is expounded. A real time calculation model of synchronous phasor for restraining out of band frequency is introduced, and testing results show that this algorithm is far better than the standard requirements. A double interpolating FFT subsynchronous and supersynchronous oscillation monitoring algorithm based on Hamming window is proposed, and simulation results show its effectiveness. The mechanism of the pseudo low frequency oscillation/subsynchronous oscillation in DC converter station is revealed, and the sampling frequency requirement for DC converter station is proposed. The functions of current calculation, quality processing, multiple interval PT/CT line judgment logic and so on are described. Finally, the device information model and the related content of communication service are introduced.
引文
[1]白加林,高昌培,王宇恩,等.基于数据源共享的广域智能保护及控制系统研究与应用[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(18):157-162.BAI Jialin,GAO Changpei,WANG Yuen,et al.Research and application of wide-area intelligent protection and control system based on the shared data source[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(18):157-162.
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[7]GOPAKUMAR P,MALLIKAJUNA B,REDDY M J B,et al.Remote monitoring system for real time detection and classification of transmission line faults in a power grid using PMU measurements[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems,2018,3(3):159-168.DOI:10.1186/s41601-018-0089-x.
[8]万蓉,薛蕙.考虑PMU的配电网潮流计算[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(3):33-37.WAN Rong,XUE Hui.Power-flow calculation for distribution network with PMU[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(3):33-37.
[9]董清,马诚,韩锋.利用PMU测量相角数据计算不同测点间电压相角差的方法[J].电网技术,2017,41(9):2996-3002.DONG Qing,MA Cheng,HAN Feng.Method for calculating phase angle difference between voltage phasors using phase angle data measured with DFT[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(9):2996-3002.
[10]汪芙平,赵伟,郭雷,等.同步相量和频率测量最优滤波器设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(22):6691-6699.WANG Fuping,ZHAO Wei,GUO Lei,et al.Optimal filter design for synchrophasor and frequency measurement[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(22):6691-6699.
[11]常乃超,刘思旭,余高旺,等.动态条件下同步相量测量装置的数字滤波器及计算优化[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(20):92-96.CHANG Naichao,LIU Sixu,YU Gaowang,et al.Digital filter and computational optimization of synchronized phasor measurement unit under dynamic conditions[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(20):92-96.
[12]金涛,陈毅阳,段小华,等.基于改进DFT的电力系统同步相量测量算法研究[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(17):1-10.JIN Tao,CHEN Yiyang,DUAN Xiaohua,et al.Research on synchronous phasor measurement algorithm of power system based on improved DFT[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(17):1-10.
[13]刘世明,郭韬,吴聚昆,等.适用于频率偏移情况下同步相量测量的DFT算法研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(5):1522-1528.LIU Shiming,GUO Tao,WU Jukun,et al.Study of DFTalgorithm for synchrophasor measurement under frequency offset[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(5):1522-1528.
[14]李立浧,洪潮.贵广二回直流输电系统次同步振荡问题分析[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(7):90-93.LI Licheng,HONG Chao.Analysis of the SSO problem caused by Guizhou-GuangdongⅡHVDC transmission system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(7):90-93.
[15]刘灏,李珏,毕天姝,等.基于PMU相量的次/超同步间谐波识别方法[J].电网技术,2017,41(10):3237-3243.LIU Hao,LI Jue,BI Tianshu,et al.Subsynchronous and supersynchronous inter-harmonic identification method based on phasor measurements[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(10):3237-3243.
[16]谢小荣,王银,刘华坤,等.电力系统次同步和超同步谐波相量的检测方法[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(21):189-194.XIE Xiaorong,WANG Yin,LIU Huakun,et al.Detection method for sub-synchronous and super-synchronous harmonic phasors in power system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(21):189-194.
[17]王茂海,齐霞.电力系统次同步振荡分量的快速在线检测算法[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(18):149-154.WANG Maohai,QI Xia.Fast online detection method for power system sub-synchronous oscillation components[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(18):149-154.
[18]张程,金涛.基于ISPM和SDM-Prony算法的电力系统低频振荡模式辨识[J].电网技术,2016,40(4):1209-1216.ZHANG Cheng,JIN Tao.Identification of low frequency oscillations in power systems using an improved smoothness priors method and second derivative methodProny[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(4):1209-1216.
[19]李安娜,吴熙,蒋平,等.基于形态滤波和Prony算法的低频振荡模式辨识的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(3):137-141.LI Anna,WU Xi,JIANG Ping,et al.Research on identifying low frequency oscillation modes based on morphological filtering theory and Prony algorithm[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(3):137-141.
[20]张敏,沈健,侯明国,等.相量测量单元实现次同步振荡在线辨识和告警的探讨[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(16):143-146.ZHANG Min,SHEN Jian,HOU Mingguo,et al.Discussion on on-line identification and warning of subsynchronous oscillation for phasor measuring unit[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(16):143-146.
[21]李珊,何怡刚,项胜,等.基于故障电压比较与多信息融合的广域后备保护算法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(22):92-98.LI Shan,HE Yigang,XIANG Sheng,et al.A wide backup protection algorithm based on fault voltage comparison and multi-information fusion[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(22):92-98.
[22]余文辉,王少荣,柳斐,等.基于在线自组织同步MAS的电网广域保护系统[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(3):69-76.YU Wenhui,WANG Shaorong,LIU Fei,et al.A wide area protection system based on synchronized MASself-organizing online for power grid[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(3):69-76.
[23]丁伟,何奔腾,王慧芳,等.广域继电保护系统研究综述[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(1):145-155.DING Wei,HE Benteng,WANG Huifang,et al.Overview of wide-area relaying protection system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2012,40(1):145-155.
[24]谢潇磊,刘亚东,孙鹏,等.新型配电网线路PMU装置的研制[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(12):15-20.XIE Xiaolei,LIU Yadong,SUN Peng,et al.Development of novel PMU device for distribution network lines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(12):15-20.
[2]童晓阳,王睿晗,王洪彬,等.基于有限PMU的电网故障在线识别算法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(19):49-55.TONG Xiaoyang,WANG Ruihan,WANG Hongbin,et al.Online detection algorithm of power system fault using limited PMUs[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(19):49-55.
[3]陈剑,王茂海,刘连光.同步发电机辨识参数对数据误差的敏感性分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(8):1-6.CHEN Jian,WANG Maohai,LIU Lianguang.Sensitivity of identification parameters to PMU data error of synchronous generator[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(8):1-6.
[4]刘革明,白杨,任祖怡,等.次同步振荡监测控制系统的研究与实现[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(2):131-136.LIU Geming,BAI Yang,REN Zuyi,et al.Research and implementation on monitoring and controlling system of sub synchronous oscillation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(2):131-136.
[5]张超,王维庆,王海云,等.风火打捆外送系统220 kV电网次同步振荡监控策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(11):138-144.ZHANG Chao,WANG Weiqing,WANG Haiyun,et al.Study on monitoring and control strategy of subsynchronous oscillation for 220 kV power grid in wind-thermal-bundled transmission system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(11):138-144.
[6]MALLIKARJUNA B,SHANMUKESH P,ANMOL D,et al.PMU based adaptive zone settings of distance relays for protection of multi-terminal transmission lines[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems,2018,3(3):126-140.DOI:10.1186/s41601-018-0087-z.
[7]GOPAKUMAR P,MALLIKAJUNA B,REDDY M J B,et al.Remote monitoring system for real time detection and classification of transmission line faults in a power grid using PMU measurements[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems,2018,3(3):159-168.DOI:10.1186/s41601-018-0089-x.
[8]万蓉,薛蕙.考虑PMU的配电网潮流计算[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(3):33-37.WAN Rong,XUE Hui.Power-flow calculation for distribution network with PMU[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(3):33-37.
[9]董清,马诚,韩锋.利用PMU测量相角数据计算不同测点间电压相角差的方法[J].电网技术,2017,41(9):2996-3002.DONG Qing,MA Cheng,HAN Feng.Method for calculating phase angle difference between voltage phasors using phase angle data measured with DFT[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(9):2996-3002.
[10]汪芙平,赵伟,郭雷,等.同步相量和频率测量最优滤波器设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(22):6691-6699.WANG Fuping,ZHAO Wei,GUO Lei,et al.Optimal filter design for synchrophasor and frequency measurement[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(22):6691-6699.
[11]常乃超,刘思旭,余高旺,等.动态条件下同步相量测量装置的数字滤波器及计算优化[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(20):92-96.CHANG Naichao,LIU Sixu,YU Gaowang,et al.Digital filter and computational optimization of synchronized phasor measurement unit under dynamic conditions[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(20):92-96.
[12]金涛,陈毅阳,段小华,等.基于改进DFT的电力系统同步相量测量算法研究[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(17):1-10.JIN Tao,CHEN Yiyang,DUAN Xiaohua,et al.Research on synchronous phasor measurement algorithm of power system based on improved DFT[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(17):1-10.
[13]刘世明,郭韬,吴聚昆,等.适用于频率偏移情况下同步相量测量的DFT算法研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(5):1522-1528.LIU Shiming,GUO Tao,WU Jukun,et al.Study of DFTalgorithm for synchrophasor measurement under frequency offset[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(5):1522-1528.
[14]李立浧,洪潮.贵广二回直流输电系统次同步振荡问题分析[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(7):90-93.LI Licheng,HONG Chao.Analysis of the SSO problem caused by Guizhou-GuangdongⅡHVDC transmission system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(7):90-93.
[15]刘灏,李珏,毕天姝,等.基于PMU相量的次/超同步间谐波识别方法[J].电网技术,2017,41(10):3237-3243.LIU Hao,LI Jue,BI Tianshu,et al.Subsynchronous and supersynchronous inter-harmonic identification method based on phasor measurements[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(10):3237-3243.
[16]谢小荣,王银,刘华坤,等.电力系统次同步和超同步谐波相量的检测方法[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(21):189-194.XIE Xiaorong,WANG Yin,LIU Huakun,et al.Detection method for sub-synchronous and super-synchronous harmonic phasors in power system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(21):189-194.
[17]王茂海,齐霞.电力系统次同步振荡分量的快速在线检测算法[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(18):149-154.WANG Maohai,QI Xia.Fast online detection method for power system sub-synchronous oscillation components[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(18):149-154.
[18]张程,金涛.基于ISPM和SDM-Prony算法的电力系统低频振荡模式辨识[J].电网技术,2016,40(4):1209-1216.ZHANG Cheng,JIN Tao.Identification of low frequency oscillations in power systems using an improved smoothness priors method and second derivative methodProny[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(4):1209-1216.
[19]李安娜,吴熙,蒋平,等.基于形态滤波和Prony算法的低频振荡模式辨识的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(3):137-141.LI Anna,WU Xi,JIANG Ping,et al.Research on identifying low frequency oscillation modes based on morphological filtering theory and Prony algorithm[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(3):137-141.
[20]张敏,沈健,侯明国,等.相量测量单元实现次同步振荡在线辨识和告警的探讨[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(16):143-146.ZHANG Min,SHEN Jian,HOU Mingguo,et al.Discussion on on-line identification and warning of subsynchronous oscillation for phasor measuring unit[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(16):143-146.
[21]李珊,何怡刚,项胜,等.基于故障电压比较与多信息融合的广域后备保护算法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(22):92-98.LI Shan,HE Yigang,XIANG Sheng,et al.A wide backup protection algorithm based on fault voltage comparison and multi-information fusion[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(22):92-98.
[22]余文辉,王少荣,柳斐,等.基于在线自组织同步MAS的电网广域保护系统[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(3):69-76.YU Wenhui,WANG Shaorong,LIU Fei,et al.A wide area protection system based on synchronized MASself-organizing online for power grid[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(3):69-76.
[23]丁伟,何奔腾,王慧芳,等.广域继电保护系统研究综述[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(1):145-155.DING Wei,HE Benteng,WANG Huifang,et al.Overview of wide-area relaying protection system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2012,40(1):145-155.
[24]谢潇磊,刘亚东,孙鹏,等.新型配电网线路PMU装置的研制[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(12):15-20.XIE Xiaolei,LIU Yadong,SUN Peng,et al.Development of novel PMU device for distribution network lines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(12):15-20.