农民绿色生产行为的实现机制——基于农民绿色生产意识与行为差异的视角
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摘要
促进农民的绿色生产意识向绿色生产行为的转化有利于缓解农村生态问题。基于湖北省、贵州省的问卷调查,运用计划行为理论分析了农民绿色生产意识与绿色生产行为间差异的影响因素。研究发现:总体上农民的绿色生产意识水平高于绿色生产行为水平,两者之间存在显著差异;农民所生产的产品是否具有安全质量等级认证、是否加入农民专业合作社、种植品种等变量对两者之间是否存在差异具有显著影响。基于此,加强对农民绿色生产的引导与宣传以提高农民绿色生产意识、政府加快建立农业绿色生产标准化体系以实现农民在绿色生产过程中的"有规可依"、加强农民专业合作社组织功能建设以提升农民农业绿色生产组织化程度是促进农民绿色生产意识转化为绿色生产行为的实现路径。
The promotion of the transformation of farmers' awareness of green production into green production practices will help alleviate rural ecological problems.Based on a questionnaire survey in Hubei Province and Guizhou Province,the theory of planned behavior was used to analyze the influencing factors of the differences between farmers' green production consciousness and production behavior.The study found:(1)In general,farmers' awareness of green production is higher than the level of production behavior,which means that there is a difference between consciousness and behavior;(2)Whether the product has safety quality level certification,whether to join farmers' professional cooperatives or planting varieties has a significant impact on the possibility of difference.Finally,this paper proposed three ways to motivate the transformation from green production consciousness to green production behavior:(1)The government should provide more guidance and propaganda to strengthen farmers' green production behavior;(2)The government should speed up the establishment of a standardized system of green agricultural production so as to achieve the"regulated compliance"of farmers in the process of green production;(3)The organization function construction of farmers' professional cooperatives should be strengthened to promote the degree of organization of agricultural green production.
The promotion of the transformation of farmers' awareness of green production into green production practices will help alleviate rural ecological problems.Based on a questionnaire survey in Hubei Province and Guizhou Province,the theory of planned behavior was used to analyze the influencing factors of the differences between farmers' green production consciousness and production behavior.The study found:(1)In general,farmers' awareness of green production is higher than the level of production behavior,which means that there is a difference between consciousness and behavior;(2)Whether the product has safety quality level certification,whether to join farmers' professional cooperatives or planting varieties has a significant impact on the possibility of difference.Finally,this paper proposed three ways to motivate the transformation from green production consciousness to green production behavior:(1)The government should provide more guidance and propaganda to strengthen farmers' green production behavior;(2)The government should speed up the establishment of a standardized system of green agricultural production so as to achieve the"regulated compliance"of farmers in the process of green production;(3)The organization function construction of farmers' professional cooperatives should be strengthened to promote the degree of organization of agricultural green production.
引文
[1]张利国.农户从事环境友好型农业生产行为研究——基于江西省278份农户问卷的实证分析[J].农业技术经济,2011(6):114-120.
[2]张少兵,王雅鹏.建设环境友好型现代农业的思考:难点与对策[J].生态经济,2008(1):99-101,109.
[3]周志家.环境意识研究:现状、困境与出路[J].厦门大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2008(4):19-26.
[4]崔凤,唐国建.环境社会学:关于环境行为的社会学阐释[J].社会科学辑刊,2010(3):45-50.
[5]王琪延,侯鹏.北京城市居民环境行为意愿研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2010,20(10):61-67.
[6]宋言奇.发达地区农民环境意识调查分析——以苏州市714个样本为例[J].中国农村经济,2010(1):53-62,73.
[7]洪大用,卢春天.公共环境关心的多层分析——基于中国CGSS2003的数据应用[J].社会学研究,2011(6):154-170.
[8]周锦,孙杭生.江苏省农民的环境意识调查与分析[J].中国农村观察,2009(3):47-52.
[9]龚文娟.环境问题之建构机制:认知差异与主张竞争[J].中国地质大学学报(社会科学版),2011,11(5):33-40.
[10]郭利京,赵瑾.非正式制度与农户亲环境行为[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014,24(11):69-75.
[11]彭远春.我国环境行为研究述评[J].社会科学研究,2011(1):104-109.
[12]钟毅平,谭千保,张英.大学生环境意识与环境行为的调查研究[J].心理科学,2003,26(3):542-544.
[13]孙岩.居民环境行为及其影响因素研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2006.
[14]田北海,王连生.城乡居民社区参与的障碍因素与实现路径[J].学习与实践,2017(12):98-105.
[15]邓新明.消费者为何喜欢“说一套,做一套”——消费者伦理购买“意向-行为”差距的影响因素[J].心理学报,2014,46(7):1014-1031.
[16]孙剑,李锦锦,杨晓茹.消费者为何言行不一:绿色消费行为阻碍因素探究[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版),2015(5):72-81.
[17]FISHBEIN M.An investigation of the relationship between beliefs about an object and the attitude toward that object[J].Human relations,1963,16(3):233-239.
[18]WICKER A W.Attitudes versus actions:the relationship of verbal and overt behavioral responses to attitude objects[J].Journal of social issues,2010,25(4):41-78..
[19]AJZEN I,FISHBEIN M.Belief,attitude,intention,and behavior:an introduction to theory and research[M].New Jersey:AddisonWesley,1975:842-844.
[20]AJZEN I.From intentions to actions:a theory of planned behavior[M].Berlin Heidelberg:Springer,1985:11-39.
[21]AJZEN I.The theory of planned behavior[J].Organizational behavior and human decision processes,1991,50(2):179-211.
[22]段文婷,江光荣.计划行为理论述评[J].心理科学进展,2008,16(2):315-320.
[23]闫岩.计划行为理论的产生、发展和评书[J].国际新闻界,2014,36(7):113-129.
[24]林丽梅,刘振宾,黄森慰,等.农村生活垃圾集中处理的农户认知与行为响应:以治理情境为调节变量[J].生态与农村环境学报,2017,33(2):127-134.
[25]张蕾,蔡志坚,胡国珠.农村居民低碳消费行为意向分析——基于计划行为理论[J].经济与管理,2015,29(5):92-96.
[26]高键,魏胜.基于计划行为理论的生活方式绿色化形成的双重交互效应研究[J].经济与管理评论,2018(2):51-61.
[27]崔亚飞,BLUEMLING B.农户生活垃圾处理行为的影响因素及其效应研究——基于拓展的计划行为理论框架[J].干旱区资源与环境,2018,32(4):37-42.
[28]吕荣胜,李梦楠,洪帅.基于计划行为理论城市居民节能行为影响机制研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(12):53-58.
[29]RIVIS A,SHEERAN P.Descriptive norms as an additional predictor in the theory of planned behaviour:a meta-analysis[J].Current psychology,2003,22(3):218-233.
[30]AJZEN I,FISHBEIN M.The influence of attitudes on behavior[M]//ALBARRACN D,JOHNSON B T,ZANNA M P.The handbook of attitudes.Mahwah,NJ:Erlbaum,2005:173-221.
[31]宋燕平,滕瀚.农业组织中农民亲环境行为的影响因素分析[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版),2016(3):53-60.
[32]张渊媛,徐旭初,薛达元.发展农民专业合作社促进生态文明建设[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014,24(S1):423-425.
[33]田云,张俊飚,何可,等.农户农业低碳生产行为及其影响因素分析——以化肥施用和农药使用为例[J].中国农村观察,2015(4):61-70.
[34]朱哲毅,邓衡山,应瑞瑶.价格谈判、质量控制与农民专业合作社农资购买服务[J].中国农村经济,2016(7):48-58.
[35]黄胜忠,丘营营.环境应对、消费者需求响应与农民专业合作社的质量控制行为[J].农村经济,2014(4):120-124.
[36]BAMBERG S,AJZEN I,SCHMIDT P.Choice of travel mode in TPB:the roles of past behavior habit and reasoned action[J].Basic and applied social psychology,2003(25):175-188.
[37]王海,席运官,陈瑞冰,等.太湖地区肥料、农药过量施用调查研究[J].农业资源与环境学报,2009,26(3):10-15.
[38]李鹏,张俊飚,颜廷武.农业废弃物循环利用参与主体的合作博弈及协同创新绩效研究——基于DEA-HR模型的16省份农业废弃物基质化数据验证[J].管理世界,2014(1):90-104.
[39]龚继红,黄梦思,马玉申,等.农民背景特征、生态环境保护意识与农药施用行为的关系[J].生态与农村环境学报,2016,32(4):546-551.
[40]肖新成.农户对农业面源污染认知及其环境友好型生产行为的差异分析——以江西省袁河流域化肥施用为例[J].环境污染与防治,2015,37(9):104-109.
[41]李昊,李世平,南灵.农户农业环境保护为何高意愿低行为?——公平性感知视角新解[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版),2018(2):18-27.
[2]张少兵,王雅鹏.建设环境友好型现代农业的思考:难点与对策[J].生态经济,2008(1):99-101,109.
[3]周志家.环境意识研究:现状、困境与出路[J].厦门大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2008(4):19-26.
[4]崔凤,唐国建.环境社会学:关于环境行为的社会学阐释[J].社会科学辑刊,2010(3):45-50.
[5]王琪延,侯鹏.北京城市居民环境行为意愿研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2010,20(10):61-67.
[6]宋言奇.发达地区农民环境意识调查分析——以苏州市714个样本为例[J].中国农村经济,2010(1):53-62,73.
[7]洪大用,卢春天.公共环境关心的多层分析——基于中国CGSS2003的数据应用[J].社会学研究,2011(6):154-170.
[8]周锦,孙杭生.江苏省农民的环境意识调查与分析[J].中国农村观察,2009(3):47-52.
[9]龚文娟.环境问题之建构机制:认知差异与主张竞争[J].中国地质大学学报(社会科学版),2011,11(5):33-40.
[10]郭利京,赵瑾.非正式制度与农户亲环境行为[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014,24(11):69-75.
[11]彭远春.我国环境行为研究述评[J].社会科学研究,2011(1):104-109.
[12]钟毅平,谭千保,张英.大学生环境意识与环境行为的调查研究[J].心理科学,2003,26(3):542-544.
[13]孙岩.居民环境行为及其影响因素研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2006.
[14]田北海,王连生.城乡居民社区参与的障碍因素与实现路径[J].学习与实践,2017(12):98-105.
[15]邓新明.消费者为何喜欢“说一套,做一套”——消费者伦理购买“意向-行为”差距的影响因素[J].心理学报,2014,46(7):1014-1031.
[16]孙剑,李锦锦,杨晓茹.消费者为何言行不一:绿色消费行为阻碍因素探究[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版),2015(5):72-81.
[17]FISHBEIN M.An investigation of the relationship between beliefs about an object and the attitude toward that object[J].Human relations,1963,16(3):233-239.
[18]WICKER A W.Attitudes versus actions:the relationship of verbal and overt behavioral responses to attitude objects[J].Journal of social issues,2010,25(4):41-78..
[19]AJZEN I,FISHBEIN M.Belief,attitude,intention,and behavior:an introduction to theory and research[M].New Jersey:AddisonWesley,1975:842-844.
[20]AJZEN I.From intentions to actions:a theory of planned behavior[M].Berlin Heidelberg:Springer,1985:11-39.
[21]AJZEN I.The theory of planned behavior[J].Organizational behavior and human decision processes,1991,50(2):179-211.
[22]段文婷,江光荣.计划行为理论述评[J].心理科学进展,2008,16(2):315-320.
[23]闫岩.计划行为理论的产生、发展和评书[J].国际新闻界,2014,36(7):113-129.
[24]林丽梅,刘振宾,黄森慰,等.农村生活垃圾集中处理的农户认知与行为响应:以治理情境为调节变量[J].生态与农村环境学报,2017,33(2):127-134.
[25]张蕾,蔡志坚,胡国珠.农村居民低碳消费行为意向分析——基于计划行为理论[J].经济与管理,2015,29(5):92-96.
[26]高键,魏胜.基于计划行为理论的生活方式绿色化形成的双重交互效应研究[J].经济与管理评论,2018(2):51-61.
[27]崔亚飞,BLUEMLING B.农户生活垃圾处理行为的影响因素及其效应研究——基于拓展的计划行为理论框架[J].干旱区资源与环境,2018,32(4):37-42.
[28]吕荣胜,李梦楠,洪帅.基于计划行为理论城市居民节能行为影响机制研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(12):53-58.
[29]RIVIS A,SHEERAN P.Descriptive norms as an additional predictor in the theory of planned behaviour:a meta-analysis[J].Current psychology,2003,22(3):218-233.
[30]AJZEN I,FISHBEIN M.The influence of attitudes on behavior[M]//ALBARRACN D,JOHNSON B T,ZANNA M P.The handbook of attitudes.Mahwah,NJ:Erlbaum,2005:173-221.
[31]宋燕平,滕瀚.农业组织中农民亲环境行为的影响因素分析[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版),2016(3):53-60.
[32]张渊媛,徐旭初,薛达元.发展农民专业合作社促进生态文明建设[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014,24(S1):423-425.
[33]田云,张俊飚,何可,等.农户农业低碳生产行为及其影响因素分析——以化肥施用和农药使用为例[J].中国农村观察,2015(4):61-70.
[34]朱哲毅,邓衡山,应瑞瑶.价格谈判、质量控制与农民专业合作社农资购买服务[J].中国农村经济,2016(7):48-58.
[35]黄胜忠,丘营营.环境应对、消费者需求响应与农民专业合作社的质量控制行为[J].农村经济,2014(4):120-124.
[36]BAMBERG S,AJZEN I,SCHMIDT P.Choice of travel mode in TPB:the roles of past behavior habit and reasoned action[J].Basic and applied social psychology,2003(25):175-188.
[37]王海,席运官,陈瑞冰,等.太湖地区肥料、农药过量施用调查研究[J].农业资源与环境学报,2009,26(3):10-15.
[38]李鹏,张俊飚,颜廷武.农业废弃物循环利用参与主体的合作博弈及协同创新绩效研究——基于DEA-HR模型的16省份农业废弃物基质化数据验证[J].管理世界,2014(1):90-104.
[39]龚继红,黄梦思,马玉申,等.农民背景特征、生态环境保护意识与农药施用行为的关系[J].生态与农村环境学报,2016,32(4):546-551.
[40]肖新成.农户对农业面源污染认知及其环境友好型生产行为的差异分析——以江西省袁河流域化肥施用为例[J].环境污染与防治,2015,37(9):104-109.
[41]李昊,李世平,南灵.农户农业环境保护为何高意愿低行为?——公平性感知视角新解[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版),2018(2):18-27.