血粉对DDTs污染农田土壤修复过程中微生物的影响
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摘要
血粉原位修复DDTs污染土壤技术具有成本低、环境友好的特点,有良好的应用前景。为了研究血粉原位修复DDTs污染农田土壤过程中对微生物的影响,分析了血粉原位修复DDTs污染土壤过程中土壤酶活性和DDTs降解菌的变化情况,对血粉原位修复DDTs污染过程中土壤微生物的变化情况进行研究。结果表明:添加血粉和葡萄糖可以显著提高过氧化氢酶和转化酶活性,但脲酶活性提高程度不显著。修复1个月后,土壤酶活性达到最大值;然后,随着修复时间的增加,酶活性不断降低。与葡萄糖相比,血粉易于吸附在土壤颗粒上且不溶于水,能够长效地提高土壤中酶活性。添加血粉辅以定期翻土有利于DDTs降解微生物的增殖,同时显著提高了血粉原位修复DDTs污染土壤过程中土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶、转化酶的活性,有利于土壤中DDTs的降解。
In-situ remediation technology of DDTs contamination soil using blood meal is a cost-effective and eco-friendly remediation method. In order to study its effects on the soil microbial,the degradation rate of DDTs,soil enzyme activities and DDTs degradation bacteria were analyzed,and the effects on soil microbial were studied in in-situ remediation experiment of DDTs contaminated using blood meal. Catalase activity and invertase activity were significantly improved,but urease activity wasn't evident in in-situ soil remediation using blood meal or glucose. The soil enzyme activities reached maximum after one month remediation,then began to reduce with the increase of remediation time. Compared with glucose,blood meal was a long-term additive to improve the soil enzyme activities. Because of the increase of soil aeration and oxygen content,remediation technology using blood meal supplemented by plowing the soil once a week could significantly improve the soil enzyme activities and the DDTs degradation rate,and had good effect on degradation of DDTs.
In-situ remediation technology of DDTs contamination soil using blood meal is a cost-effective and eco-friendly remediation method. In order to study its effects on the soil microbial,the degradation rate of DDTs,soil enzyme activities and DDTs degradation bacteria were analyzed,and the effects on soil microbial were studied in in-situ remediation experiment of DDTs contaminated using blood meal. Catalase activity and invertase activity were significantly improved,but urease activity wasn't evident in in-situ soil remediation using blood meal or glucose. The soil enzyme activities reached maximum after one month remediation,then began to reduce with the increase of remediation time. Compared with glucose,blood meal was a long-term additive to improve the soil enzyme activities. Because of the increase of soil aeration and oxygen content,remediation technology using blood meal supplemented by plowing the soil once a week could significantly improve the soil enzyme activities and the DDTs degradation rate,and had good effect on degradation of DDTs.
引文
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[21]尚杰,耿增超,王月玲,等.施用生物炭对土微生物量碳、氮及酶活性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(6):1142-1151.
[22]赵路玥,何腾兵,林绍霞,等.贵州典型何首乌种植基地土壤养分与土壤酶活性的关系[J].贵州农业科学,2014,42(7):73-76.
[23]罗兴录,岑忠用,谢和霞,等.生物有机肥对土壤理化、生物性状和木薯生长的影响[J].西北农业学报,2008,17(1):167-173.
[24]肖鹏飞,李玉文,Kondo R.Tween60和SDS强化白腐真菌修复DDT污染土壤[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(12):3737-3743.
[25]张明星,洪青,何健,等.DDT降解菌株DB-1的分离、系统发育及降解特性[J].中国环境科学,2005,25(6):674-677.
[26]刘文斌.DDTs好氧降解菌株的筛选及其降解特性研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2009:19-23.
[2]El-temsah Y S,Oughton D H,Joner E J.Effects of nano-sized zero-valent iron on DDT degradation and residual toxicity in soil:A column experiment[J].Plant and Soil,2013,368:189-200.
[3]王辉,王晓旭,孙丽娜,等.血粉刺激修复DDTs污染农田土壤的现场实验[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(2):654-660.
[4]Yao F X,Yu G F,Bian Y R,et al.Bioavailability to grains of rice of aged and fresh DDD and DDE in soils[J].Chemosphere,2007,68:78-84.
[5]Walker K R,Ricciardone M D,Jensen J.Developing an international consensus on DDT:A balance of environmental protection and disease control[J].international journal of hygiene and environmental health,2003,206:423-435.
[6]Wong M H,Leung A O W,Chan J K Y,et al.A review on the usage of POP pesticides in China[J].Chemosphere,2005,60:740-752.
[7]US-EPA.Anaerobic Bioremediation Using Blood Meal for Treatment of Toxaphene in Soil and Sediment[EB/OL].https://clu-in.org/download/remed/542r05006/blood_meal.pdf,[2012-10-3],2012.
[8]Leininger S,Urich T,Schloter M,et al.Archaea predominate among ammonia-oxidizing prokaryotes in soils[J].Nature,2006,442:806-809.
[9]Cusack D F,Silver W L,Torn M S,et al.Changes in microbial community characteristics and soil organic matter with nitrogen additions in two tropical forests[J].Ecology,2011,92:621-632.
[10]Zhao S C,Li K J,Zhou W,et al.Changes in soil microbial community,enzyme activities and organic matter fractions under long-term straw return in north-central China[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment,2016,216:82-88.
[11]Wang W W,Page-Dumroese D,Lv R H,et al.Soil enzyme activities in pinus tabuliformis(carriére)plantations in northern China[J].Forests,2016(7):112-123.
[12]Wen X,Wang T T,Chen W W,et al.Adsorption of DDT in soil using a single and combined effect of cadmium and Tween80[J].Chemistry and Ecology,2013,29(4),340-352.
[13]Wang C P,Yu L,Zhang Z Y,Wang B L,et al.Tourmaline combined with Phanerochaete chrysosporium to remediate agricultural soil contaminated with PAHs and OCPs[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2014,264:439-448.
[14]严昶升.土壤肥力研究法[M].北京:农业出版社,1988:141-147.
[15]陈心想,耿增超,王森,等.施用生物炭后塿土土壤微生物及酶活性变化特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(4):751-758.
[16]关松荫.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:农业出版社,1986:271-319.
[17]Wrenn B A,Venosa A D.Selective enumeration of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbon degrading bacteria by a most-probablenumber procedure[J].Canadian Journal of Microbiology,1996,42:252-258.
[18]ISO 4831 Microbiology-General Guidance for the Enumeration of Coliforms-Most Probable Number Technique[S].
[19]张岩,张景发,陈艳梅,等.加速溶剂萃取-气相色谱法测定土壤中有机氯农药和多氯联苯[J].岩矿测试,2010,9(5):491-496.
[20]国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB/T 14550—2003土壤中六六六和滴滴涕测定的气相色谱法[S].北京:中国科学出版社,2003.
[21]尚杰,耿增超,王月玲,等.施用生物炭对土微生物量碳、氮及酶活性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(6):1142-1151.
[22]赵路玥,何腾兵,林绍霞,等.贵州典型何首乌种植基地土壤养分与土壤酶活性的关系[J].贵州农业科学,2014,42(7):73-76.
[23]罗兴录,岑忠用,谢和霞,等.生物有机肥对土壤理化、生物性状和木薯生长的影响[J].西北农业学报,2008,17(1):167-173.
[24]肖鹏飞,李玉文,Kondo R.Tween60和SDS强化白腐真菌修复DDT污染土壤[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(12):3737-3743.
[25]张明星,洪青,何健,等.DDT降解菌株DB-1的分离、系统发育及降解特性[J].中国环境科学,2005,25(6):674-677.
[26]刘文斌.DDTs好氧降解菌株的筛选及其降解特性研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2009:19-23.