氮磷营养盐水平对灰化薹草浸泡液化感抑藻的影响
|
摘要
为了解不同氮、磷营养盐水平下植物化感作用对铜绿微囊藻生长的影响,以鄱阳湖洲滩优势植物灰化薹草为研究对象,在室内控温、控光无菌条件下,采用锥形瓶批式培养法,分别观测3组氮、磷营养盐水平[5.0、0.5 mg/L(超富营养);2.0、0.2 mg/L(富营养);1.0、0.1 mg/L(中营养)]条件下,灰化薹草质量浓度(以干质量计)为0(对照组)、0.05、0.1、1.5、3和6 g/L时,培养液中铜绿微囊藻细胞密度.通过对比分析铜绿微囊藻的生长曲线、最大比增长率和抑制率得到不同培养条件下铜绿微囊藻生长特征的差异.结果表明:在超富营养和富营养水平下,灰化薹草浸泡液对铜绿微囊藻的生长均呈现"低促高抑"现象,抑制率分别在-23.3%~26.1%和-10%~76.5%之间,由促转抑时灰化薹草质量浓度分别为3和1.5 g/L;而在中营养水平下抑制铜绿微囊藻生长,抑制率在1.6%~85.6%之间.铜绿微囊藻最大比增长速率随氮、磷营养盐水平表现为超富营养(0.81~0.88 d-1)>富营养(0.55~0.80 d-1)>中营养(0.40~0.76 d-1).相同灰化薹草质量浓度对铜绿微囊藻的化感抑制作用,随氮、磷营养盐水平的增加而降低.3组氮、磷营养盐水平间最大比增长速率的差值,随灰化薹草质量浓度的增加而增大.研究显示,水体氮、磷营养盐对植物化感抑藻起着重要作用,因此利用植物化感控藻效果需综合考虑水体氮、磷质量浓度.
In order to determine the allelopathic effect of wetland beach dominant plants in Poyang Lake on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa,variations in the growing status of M. aeruginosa under different culture conditions( indoor and sterile with control of temperature and illumination) were analyzed using the conical flask culture method based on the comparisons of growth curves,the maximum growth rates and inhibition rates. The experiments were conducted using Carex cinerascens,the dominant plant species in Poyang Lake,under the following conditions: the levels of N,P nutrients are 5. 0,0. 5 mg/L( hypereutrophic); 2. 0,0. 2 mg/L( eutrophic);and 1. 0,0. 1 mg/L( mesotrophic) respectively. The content of C. cinerascens( dry mass concentration) was 0( control),0. 05,0. 1,1. 5,3 and 6 g/L separately. The results showed that under hypereutrophic and eutrophic conditions,C. cinerascens soaking solution exhibited the effect of ‘acceleration at low contents and inhibition at high contents' on the growth of M. aeruginosa. The inhibition rates were ranged from-23. 3% to 26. 1% and from-10% to 76. 5% respectively. At the switching point where the effect converts from acceleration to inhibition,the content of C. cinerascens was equal to 3 and 1. 5 g/L respectively. At the mesotrophic level,C. cinerascensinhibits the growth of M. aeruginosa,and the inhibition rate was between 1. 6% and 85. 6%. The maximum growth rate of M. aeruginosa showed the following pattern with the change of the N,P nutrient level: hypereutrophic( 0. 81-0. 88 d-1) > eutrophic( 0. 55-0. 80 d-1) >mesotrophic( 0. 40-0. 76 d-1). The allelopathic inhibition effect of the same content of C. cinerascens on M. aeruginosa weakens with increasing N,P nutrient level. The difference in the maximum growth rate among 3 groups of N,P nutrient level increases with an increase of the content of C. cinerascens. The outcomes revealed that the N,P nutrients in water play an important role in the mechanism of allelopathic inhibition,thus suggesting that further should take their effects into account when utilizing plant allelopathy to control algae.
In order to determine the allelopathic effect of wetland beach dominant plants in Poyang Lake on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa,variations in the growing status of M. aeruginosa under different culture conditions( indoor and sterile with control of temperature and illumination) were analyzed using the conical flask culture method based on the comparisons of growth curves,the maximum growth rates and inhibition rates. The experiments were conducted using Carex cinerascens,the dominant plant species in Poyang Lake,under the following conditions: the levels of N,P nutrients are 5. 0,0. 5 mg/L( hypereutrophic); 2. 0,0. 2 mg/L( eutrophic);and 1. 0,0. 1 mg/L( mesotrophic) respectively. The content of C. cinerascens( dry mass concentration) was 0( control),0. 05,0. 1,1. 5,3 and 6 g/L separately. The results showed that under hypereutrophic and eutrophic conditions,C. cinerascens soaking solution exhibited the effect of ‘acceleration at low contents and inhibition at high contents' on the growth of M. aeruginosa. The inhibition rates were ranged from-23. 3% to 26. 1% and from-10% to 76. 5% respectively. At the switching point where the effect converts from acceleration to inhibition,the content of C. cinerascens was equal to 3 and 1. 5 g/L respectively. At the mesotrophic level,C. cinerascensinhibits the growth of M. aeruginosa,and the inhibition rate was between 1. 6% and 85. 6%. The maximum growth rate of M. aeruginosa showed the following pattern with the change of the N,P nutrient level: hypereutrophic( 0. 81-0. 88 d-1) > eutrophic( 0. 55-0. 80 d-1) >mesotrophic( 0. 40-0. 76 d-1). The allelopathic inhibition effect of the same content of C. cinerascens on M. aeruginosa weakens with increasing N,P nutrient level. The difference in the maximum growth rate among 3 groups of N,P nutrient level increases with an increase of the content of C. cinerascens. The outcomes revealed that the N,P nutrients in water play an important role in the mechanism of allelopathic inhibition,thus suggesting that further should take their effects into account when utilizing plant allelopathy to control algae.
引文
[1]FALCONER I R.An overview of problems caused by toxic bluegreen algae(cyanobacteria)in drinking and recreational water[J].Environmental Toxicology,1999,14(1):5-12.
[2]YE Wenjin,LIU Xianglong,TAN Jing,et al.Diversity and dynamics of microcystin:producing cyanobacteria in China's third largest lake,Lake Taihu[J].Harmful Algae,2009,8(5):637-644.
[3]ZHANG Xiaojian,CHEN Chao,LIN Pengfei,et al.Emergency drinking water treatment during source water pollution accidents in China:origin analysis,framework and technologies[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2011,45(1):161-167.
[4]CANOVAS S,PICOT B,CASELLAS C,et al.Seasonal development of phytoplankton and zooplankton in a high-rate algal pond[J].Water Science&Technology,1996,33(7):199-206.
[5]REYNOLDS C S,JAWORSKI G H M,CMIECH H A,et al.On the annual cycle of the blue-green alga Microcystis aeruginosa Kütz.emend.Elenkin[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London,Series B,Biological Sciences,1981,293(1068):419-477.
[6]CODD G A,ZALEWSKI M.Cyanobacterial toxins,the perception of water quality,and the prioritization of eutrophication control[J].Ecological Engineering,2000,16(1):51-60.
[7]SCHRADER K K,NANAYAKKARA N P,DHAMMIKA T,et al.Novel derivatives of 9,10-anthraquinone are selective algicides against the musty-odor cyanobacterium Oscillatoria perornata[J].Applied&Environmental Microbiology,2003,69(9):5319-5327.
[8]FILZGERALD G P.Some factors in the competition or antagonism among bacteria,algae,and aquatic weeds[J].Journal of Phycology,1969,5(4):351-359.
[9]RICE E L.Manipulated ecosystems:roles of allelopathy in agriculture[M].2nd ed.Orlandoy:Academic Press,1984:119-129.
[10]CANGIANO T,DELLAGRECA M,FIORENTINO A,et al.Lactone diterpenes from the aquatic plant Potamogeton natans[J].Phytochemistry,2001,56(5):469-473.
[11]潘琦,邹国燕,宋祥甫,等.美人蕉根系对铜绿微囊藻的化感作用[J].环境科学研究,2014,27(10):1193-1198.PAN Qi,ZOU Guoyan,SONG Xiangfu,et al.Inhibitory effects of the roots of floating bed plants of Canna indica on Microcystis aeruginosa[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2014,27(10):1193-1198.
[12]WU Xiang,WU Hao,CHEN Junren,et al.Effects of allelochemical extracted from water lettuce(Pistia stratiotes Linn.)on the growth,microcystin production and release of Microcystis aeruginosa[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2013,20(11):8192-8201.
[13]HE Chiquan,WANG Changke.Allelopathic effect of Acorus tatarinowii upon algae[J].Journal of Environmental Science,2001,13(4):481-484.
[14]CHEN Jianzhong,ZHANG Haiyang,HAN Zhiping,et al.The influence of aquatic macrophytes on Microcystis aeruginosa growth[J].Ecological Engineering,2012,42(3):130-133.
[15]HUANG Y,BAI Y,WANG Y,et al.Allelopathic effects of the extracts from an invasive species Solidago canadensis L.on Microcystis aeruginosa[J].Letters in Applied Microbiology,2013,57(5):451-458.
[16]朱嘉成,周利,朱佳,等.水生观赏植物红掌对铜绿微囊藻的化感作用[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(10):1638-1644.ZHU Jiacheng,ZHOU Li,ZHU Jia,et al.Allelopathic effects of Anthurium on cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2015,28(10):1638-1644.
[17]GROSS E.Allelopathy in benthic and littoral areas:case studies on allelechemicals from benthic cyanobacteria and submersed macrophytes[M].Bibliothek der Universitt Konstanz,1999:179-199.
[18]GAO Hongjie,SONG Yonghui,LV Chunjian,et al.The possible allelopathic effect of Hydrilla verticillata on phytoplankton in nutrient-rich water[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2015,73(9):5141-5151.
[19]李林,卞勋文,赵荣芳.灰化苔草浸泡液对不同初始藻密度铜绿微囊藻生长的影响[J].给水排水,2016,42(10):25-29.LI Lin,BIAN Xunwen,ZHAO Rongfang.Effects of Carex cinerascens soaking on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa under different initial algal densities[J].Water&Wastewater Engineering,2016,42(10):25-29.
[20]朱伟,万蕾,赵联芳.不同温度和营养盐质量浓度条件下藻类的种间竞争规律[J].生态环境学报,2008,17(1):6-11.ZHU Wei,WAN Lei,ZHAO Lianfang.Interspecies competition rule of algae under different temperature and nutrient concentration condition[J].Ecology and Environment,2008,17(1):6-11.
[21]FISTAROL G O,LEGRAND C,GRANELI E.Allelopathic effect on a nutrient-limited phytoplankton species[J].Aquatic Microbial Ecology,2005,41(2):153-161.
[22]GRANLI E,WEBERG M,SALOMON P S.Harmful algal blooms of allelopathic microalgal species:the role of eutrophication[J].Harmful Algae,2008,8(1):94-102.
[23]李林,陈峰,赵荣芳.鄱阳湖灰化苔草浸泡液对铜绿微囊藻的化感作用[J].环境科学与技术,2016,39(2):1-5.LI Lin,CHEN Feng,ZHAO Rongfang.Allelopathic effect of soaking Carex cinerascens in Poyang Lake on Microcystis aeruginosa[J].Environmental Science&Technology(China),2016,39(2):1-5.
[24]陈卫民,张清敏,戴树桂.苦草与铜绿微囊藻的相互化感作用[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(2):147-151.CHEN Weimin,ZHANG Qingmin,DAI Shugui.The mutual allelopathy of Vallisneria spiralis Linn.and Microcystis aeruginosa[J].China Environmental Science,2009,29(2):147-151.
[25]SIVONEN,K.Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth of toxic and nontoxic Microcystis strains and on intracellular microcystin concentrations[J].Microbial Ecology,2002,43(4):443-454.
[26]XIE Liqiang,XIE Ping,LI Sixin,et al.The low TN∶TP ratio,a cause or a result of Microcystis blooms?[J].Water Research,2002,37(9):2073-2080.
[27]夏雨,鄢帮有,方豫.鄱阳湖区乐安河流域营养盐负荷影响因素分析[J].湖泊科学,2015,27(2):282-288.XIA Yu,YAN Bangyou,FANG Yu.Nutrient loading and its controlling factors in Le'an River watershed,Lake Poyang Basin[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2015,27(2):282-288.
[28]RIPPKA R,DERUELLES J,WATERBURY JB,et al.Generic assignments,strain histories and properties of pure cultures of cyanobacteria[J].Journal of General microbiology,1979,111(1):1-61.
[29]刘倩纯,余潮,张杰,等.鄱阳湖水体水质变化特征分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(6):1232-1237.LIU Qianchun,YU Chao,ZHANG Jie,et al.Analysis of characteristics of water quality changes in Poyang Lake[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2013,32(6):1232-1237.
[30]金相灿,李兆春,郑朔方,等.铜绿微囊藻生长特性研究[J].环境科学研究,2004,17(s1):52-54.JIN Xiangcan,LI Zhaochun,ZHENG Shuofang,et al.Studies on the growth characteristics of Microcystis aeruginosa[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2004,17(s1):52-54.
[31]刘光涛,周长芳,孙利芳,等.凤眼莲化感物质对铜绿微囊藻,斜生栅藻生长及细胞数相对比例的影响[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(10):2303-2311.LIU Guangtao,ZHOU Changfang,SUN Lifang,et al.Effects of Eichhornia crassipes allelochemicals on the growth of two mono-and co-cultured algae Microcystis aeruginosa and Scenedesmus obliquus[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2011,31(10):2303-2311.
[32]EINHELLIG F A.Allelopathy:current status and future goals[M].New York:American Chemical Society,1995:1-25.
[33]TANG CS,CAI WF,KOHL K,et al.Plant stress and allelopathy[M].American:Chemical Symposium Series,1995:142-157.
[34]REIGOSA M J,SNCHEZ-MOREIRAS A,GONZLEZ L.Ecophysiological approach in allelopathy[J].Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences,1999,18(5):577-608.
[35]张维昊,周连凤,吴小刚.菖蒲对铜绿微囊藻的化感作用[J].中国环境科学,2006,3(26):355-358.ZHANG Weihao,ZHOU Lianfeng,WU Xiaogang,et al.Allelopathic effect of Acorus calamus on Microcystis aeruginosa[J].China Environmental Science,2006,3(26):355-358.
[36]EINHELLIG F A.Interactions involving allelopathy in cropping systems[J].Agronomy Journal,1996,88(6):886-893.
[37]JOHANSSON N,GRANELI E.Influence of different nutrient conditions on cell density,chemical composition and toxicity of Prymnesium parvum(Haptophyta)in semi-continuous cultures[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,1999,239(2):243-258.
[38]HEALEY F P.Inorganic nutrient uptake and deficiency in algae[J].Critical Reviews in Microbiology,1973,3(1):69-113.
[39]ALBERTS B,BRAY D,LEWIS J,et al.Molecular biology of the cell[M].New York:Garland Publishing Science,1983:112-115.
[40]LIU X,FERENCI T.An analysis of multifactorial influences on the transcriptional control of omp F and omp C porin expression under nutrient limitation[J].Microbiology,2001,147(11):2981-2989.
[41]LIPPEMEIER S,FRAMPTON D M F,BLACKBURN S I,et al.Influence of phosphorus limitation on toxicity and photosynthesis of Alexandrium minutum(Dinophyceae)monitored by in-line detection of variable chlorophyll fluorescence[J].Journal of Phycology,2003,39(2):320-331.
[42]SRIVASTAVA A,JTTNER F,STRASSER R J.Action of the allelochemical,fischerellin A,on photosystem II[J].Biochimica et Biophysica Acta(BBA)-Bioenergetics,1998,1364(3):326-336.
[43]李锋民,胡洪营,门玉洁,等.化感物质对小球藻抗氧化体系酶活性的影响[J].环境科学,2006,27(10):2091-2094.LI Fengmin,HU Hongying,Men Yujie,et al.Effects of EMA on activities of algal antioxidant enzymes[J].Environmental Science,2006,27(10):2091-2094.
[2]YE Wenjin,LIU Xianglong,TAN Jing,et al.Diversity and dynamics of microcystin:producing cyanobacteria in China's third largest lake,Lake Taihu[J].Harmful Algae,2009,8(5):637-644.
[3]ZHANG Xiaojian,CHEN Chao,LIN Pengfei,et al.Emergency drinking water treatment during source water pollution accidents in China:origin analysis,framework and technologies[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2011,45(1):161-167.
[4]CANOVAS S,PICOT B,CASELLAS C,et al.Seasonal development of phytoplankton and zooplankton in a high-rate algal pond[J].Water Science&Technology,1996,33(7):199-206.
[5]REYNOLDS C S,JAWORSKI G H M,CMIECH H A,et al.On the annual cycle of the blue-green alga Microcystis aeruginosa Kütz.emend.Elenkin[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London,Series B,Biological Sciences,1981,293(1068):419-477.
[6]CODD G A,ZALEWSKI M.Cyanobacterial toxins,the perception of water quality,and the prioritization of eutrophication control[J].Ecological Engineering,2000,16(1):51-60.
[7]SCHRADER K K,NANAYAKKARA N P,DHAMMIKA T,et al.Novel derivatives of 9,10-anthraquinone are selective algicides against the musty-odor cyanobacterium Oscillatoria perornata[J].Applied&Environmental Microbiology,2003,69(9):5319-5327.
[8]FILZGERALD G P.Some factors in the competition or antagonism among bacteria,algae,and aquatic weeds[J].Journal of Phycology,1969,5(4):351-359.
[9]RICE E L.Manipulated ecosystems:roles of allelopathy in agriculture[M].2nd ed.Orlandoy:Academic Press,1984:119-129.
[10]CANGIANO T,DELLAGRECA M,FIORENTINO A,et al.Lactone diterpenes from the aquatic plant Potamogeton natans[J].Phytochemistry,2001,56(5):469-473.
[11]潘琦,邹国燕,宋祥甫,等.美人蕉根系对铜绿微囊藻的化感作用[J].环境科学研究,2014,27(10):1193-1198.PAN Qi,ZOU Guoyan,SONG Xiangfu,et al.Inhibitory effects of the roots of floating bed plants of Canna indica on Microcystis aeruginosa[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2014,27(10):1193-1198.
[12]WU Xiang,WU Hao,CHEN Junren,et al.Effects of allelochemical extracted from water lettuce(Pistia stratiotes Linn.)on the growth,microcystin production and release of Microcystis aeruginosa[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2013,20(11):8192-8201.
[13]HE Chiquan,WANG Changke.Allelopathic effect of Acorus tatarinowii upon algae[J].Journal of Environmental Science,2001,13(4):481-484.
[14]CHEN Jianzhong,ZHANG Haiyang,HAN Zhiping,et al.The influence of aquatic macrophytes on Microcystis aeruginosa growth[J].Ecological Engineering,2012,42(3):130-133.
[15]HUANG Y,BAI Y,WANG Y,et al.Allelopathic effects of the extracts from an invasive species Solidago canadensis L.on Microcystis aeruginosa[J].Letters in Applied Microbiology,2013,57(5):451-458.
[16]朱嘉成,周利,朱佳,等.水生观赏植物红掌对铜绿微囊藻的化感作用[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(10):1638-1644.ZHU Jiacheng,ZHOU Li,ZHU Jia,et al.Allelopathic effects of Anthurium on cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2015,28(10):1638-1644.
[17]GROSS E.Allelopathy in benthic and littoral areas:case studies on allelechemicals from benthic cyanobacteria and submersed macrophytes[M].Bibliothek der Universitt Konstanz,1999:179-199.
[18]GAO Hongjie,SONG Yonghui,LV Chunjian,et al.The possible allelopathic effect of Hydrilla verticillata on phytoplankton in nutrient-rich water[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2015,73(9):5141-5151.
[19]李林,卞勋文,赵荣芳.灰化苔草浸泡液对不同初始藻密度铜绿微囊藻生长的影响[J].给水排水,2016,42(10):25-29.LI Lin,BIAN Xunwen,ZHAO Rongfang.Effects of Carex cinerascens soaking on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa under different initial algal densities[J].Water&Wastewater Engineering,2016,42(10):25-29.
[20]朱伟,万蕾,赵联芳.不同温度和营养盐质量浓度条件下藻类的种间竞争规律[J].生态环境学报,2008,17(1):6-11.ZHU Wei,WAN Lei,ZHAO Lianfang.Interspecies competition rule of algae under different temperature and nutrient concentration condition[J].Ecology and Environment,2008,17(1):6-11.
[21]FISTAROL G O,LEGRAND C,GRANELI E.Allelopathic effect on a nutrient-limited phytoplankton species[J].Aquatic Microbial Ecology,2005,41(2):153-161.
[22]GRANLI E,WEBERG M,SALOMON P S.Harmful algal blooms of allelopathic microalgal species:the role of eutrophication[J].Harmful Algae,2008,8(1):94-102.
[23]李林,陈峰,赵荣芳.鄱阳湖灰化苔草浸泡液对铜绿微囊藻的化感作用[J].环境科学与技术,2016,39(2):1-5.LI Lin,CHEN Feng,ZHAO Rongfang.Allelopathic effect of soaking Carex cinerascens in Poyang Lake on Microcystis aeruginosa[J].Environmental Science&Technology(China),2016,39(2):1-5.
[24]陈卫民,张清敏,戴树桂.苦草与铜绿微囊藻的相互化感作用[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(2):147-151.CHEN Weimin,ZHANG Qingmin,DAI Shugui.The mutual allelopathy of Vallisneria spiralis Linn.and Microcystis aeruginosa[J].China Environmental Science,2009,29(2):147-151.
[25]SIVONEN,K.Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth of toxic and nontoxic Microcystis strains and on intracellular microcystin concentrations[J].Microbial Ecology,2002,43(4):443-454.
[26]XIE Liqiang,XIE Ping,LI Sixin,et al.The low TN∶TP ratio,a cause or a result of Microcystis blooms?[J].Water Research,2002,37(9):2073-2080.
[27]夏雨,鄢帮有,方豫.鄱阳湖区乐安河流域营养盐负荷影响因素分析[J].湖泊科学,2015,27(2):282-288.XIA Yu,YAN Bangyou,FANG Yu.Nutrient loading and its controlling factors in Le'an River watershed,Lake Poyang Basin[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2015,27(2):282-288.
[28]RIPPKA R,DERUELLES J,WATERBURY JB,et al.Generic assignments,strain histories and properties of pure cultures of cyanobacteria[J].Journal of General microbiology,1979,111(1):1-61.
[29]刘倩纯,余潮,张杰,等.鄱阳湖水体水质变化特征分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(6):1232-1237.LIU Qianchun,YU Chao,ZHANG Jie,et al.Analysis of characteristics of water quality changes in Poyang Lake[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2013,32(6):1232-1237.
[30]金相灿,李兆春,郑朔方,等.铜绿微囊藻生长特性研究[J].环境科学研究,2004,17(s1):52-54.JIN Xiangcan,LI Zhaochun,ZHENG Shuofang,et al.Studies on the growth characteristics of Microcystis aeruginosa[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2004,17(s1):52-54.
[31]刘光涛,周长芳,孙利芳,等.凤眼莲化感物质对铜绿微囊藻,斜生栅藻生长及细胞数相对比例的影响[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(10):2303-2311.LIU Guangtao,ZHOU Changfang,SUN Lifang,et al.Effects of Eichhornia crassipes allelochemicals on the growth of two mono-and co-cultured algae Microcystis aeruginosa and Scenedesmus obliquus[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2011,31(10):2303-2311.
[32]EINHELLIG F A.Allelopathy:current status and future goals[M].New York:American Chemical Society,1995:1-25.
[33]TANG CS,CAI WF,KOHL K,et al.Plant stress and allelopathy[M].American:Chemical Symposium Series,1995:142-157.
[34]REIGOSA M J,SNCHEZ-MOREIRAS A,GONZLEZ L.Ecophysiological approach in allelopathy[J].Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences,1999,18(5):577-608.
[35]张维昊,周连凤,吴小刚.菖蒲对铜绿微囊藻的化感作用[J].中国环境科学,2006,3(26):355-358.ZHANG Weihao,ZHOU Lianfeng,WU Xiaogang,et al.Allelopathic effect of Acorus calamus on Microcystis aeruginosa[J].China Environmental Science,2006,3(26):355-358.
[36]EINHELLIG F A.Interactions involving allelopathy in cropping systems[J].Agronomy Journal,1996,88(6):886-893.
[37]JOHANSSON N,GRANELI E.Influence of different nutrient conditions on cell density,chemical composition and toxicity of Prymnesium parvum(Haptophyta)in semi-continuous cultures[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,1999,239(2):243-258.
[38]HEALEY F P.Inorganic nutrient uptake and deficiency in algae[J].Critical Reviews in Microbiology,1973,3(1):69-113.
[39]ALBERTS B,BRAY D,LEWIS J,et al.Molecular biology of the cell[M].New York:Garland Publishing Science,1983:112-115.
[40]LIU X,FERENCI T.An analysis of multifactorial influences on the transcriptional control of omp F and omp C porin expression under nutrient limitation[J].Microbiology,2001,147(11):2981-2989.
[41]LIPPEMEIER S,FRAMPTON D M F,BLACKBURN S I,et al.Influence of phosphorus limitation on toxicity and photosynthesis of Alexandrium minutum(Dinophyceae)monitored by in-line detection of variable chlorophyll fluorescence[J].Journal of Phycology,2003,39(2):320-331.
[42]SRIVASTAVA A,JTTNER F,STRASSER R J.Action of the allelochemical,fischerellin A,on photosystem II[J].Biochimica et Biophysica Acta(BBA)-Bioenergetics,1998,1364(3):326-336.
[43]李锋民,胡洪营,门玉洁,等.化感物质对小球藻抗氧化体系酶活性的影响[J].环境科学,2006,27(10):2091-2094.LI Fengmin,HU Hongying,Men Yujie,et al.Effects of EMA on activities of algal antioxidant enzymes[J].Environmental Science,2006,27(10):2091-2094.