双酚A暴露对东亚三角涡虫急性毒性及神经酶的影响
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摘要
旨在探讨双酚A (BPA)对东亚三角涡虫的急性毒性及神经系统相关酶活性的影响。采用不同浓度的BPA处理涡虫24 h、48 h、72 h,求出半致死浓度,以此为基础,采用不同浓度的BPA处理涡虫24 h、72 h、144 h,测定AchE、ChAT及Na+~K+~-ATP酶活性。BPA对三角涡虫的24 h、48 h、72 h,LC50分别为12.18 mg/L、8.49 mg/L、6.43 mg/L。ChE、ChAT、Na+~K+~-ATP酶活性对BPA反应敏感,具有较好的规律性。24 h处理组,AChE酶活力随BPA浓度的升高而升高,72 h和144 h处理组则呈现先上升后下降的趋势,除0.643 mgBPA/L以外,其它处理组均表现出了时间-效应关系;在BPA胁迫下,ChAT酶活力均呈现降低趋势,在BPA浓度为0.643 mg/L、1.286 mg/L时,表现出了时间-效应关系;24 h、72 h处理组Na+~K+~-ATP酶活力随BPA浓度升高呈现先上升后下降的趋势,144 h处理组则呈现下降趋势,Na+~K+~-ATP酶活力随BPA胁迫时间的延长呈现先升高后下降的趋势。BPA对涡虫具有较强的生态毒性,AchE、ChAT、Na+~K+~-ATP酶活性可与其他敏感指标一起作为水体BPA污染的早期监测指标。
To investigate the effect of Bisphenol A(BPA) on acute toxicity and nervous system related enzymes activity in Dugesia japonica, this study treated the worms with different concentration of BPA for 24 h, 48 h, and72 h, and calculated the semi-lethal concentration. Based on the semi-lethal concentration, the worms were treated with different concentration of BPA for 24 h, 72 h, and 144 h, and the enzyme activities of AchE, ChAT and Na+~K+~-ATP were measured. The 24 h, 48 h and 72 h LC50 were calculated as 12.18 mg, 8.49 mg, 6.43 mg BPA/L, respectively.The enzyme activities of AchE, ChA T, and Na+~K+~-ATP were sensitive to BPA, with better regularity. In 24 h treatment group, the AchE enzyme activity increased significantly with the increase of BPA concentration. But in 72 h and144 h treatment groups, the AchE activities were found to be elevated first and then to be declined. AchE activity and exposure time had time-effect relationship excluding 0.643 mg BPA/L. The ChA T enzyme activity was found to be declined under BPA exposure, and had time-effect relationship with the BPA concentration of 0.643 mg and 1.286 mg/L.In 24 h and 72 h treatment groups, the Na+~K+~-ATP enzyme activities were found to be elevated first and then to be declined with the increase of BPA concentration, and decreased in 144 h treatment group. The Na+~K+~-ATP enzyme activities were found to be elevated first and then to be declined with the increase of exposed time of BPA. BPA might have a strong ecological toxicity to worms, enzyme activity of AchE, ChAT, Na+~K+~-ATP could be used as monitoring index for BPA pollution in water along with other sensitive indexes at early stage.
To investigate the effect of Bisphenol A(BPA) on acute toxicity and nervous system related enzymes activity in Dugesia japonica, this study treated the worms with different concentration of BPA for 24 h, 48 h, and72 h, and calculated the semi-lethal concentration. Based on the semi-lethal concentration, the worms were treated with different concentration of BPA for 24 h, 72 h, and 144 h, and the enzyme activities of AchE, ChAT and Na+~K+~-ATP were measured. The 24 h, 48 h and 72 h LC50 were calculated as 12.18 mg, 8.49 mg, 6.43 mg BPA/L, respectively.The enzyme activities of AchE, ChA T, and Na+~K+~-ATP were sensitive to BPA, with better regularity. In 24 h treatment group, the AchE enzyme activity increased significantly with the increase of BPA concentration. But in 72 h and144 h treatment groups, the AchE activities were found to be elevated first and then to be declined. AchE activity and exposure time had time-effect relationship excluding 0.643 mg BPA/L. The ChA T enzyme activity was found to be declined under BPA exposure, and had time-effect relationship with the BPA concentration of 0.643 mg and 1.286 mg/L.In 24 h and 72 h treatment groups, the Na+~K+~-ATP enzyme activities were found to be elevated first and then to be declined with the increase of BPA concentration, and decreased in 144 h treatment group. The Na+~K+~-ATP enzyme activities were found to be elevated first and then to be declined with the increase of exposed time of BPA. BPA might have a strong ecological toxicity to worms, enzyme activity of AchE, ChAT, Na+~K+~-ATP could be used as monitoring index for BPA pollution in water along with other sensitive indexes at early stage.
引文
Bensoussan H.,Grancolas L.,Dhieux-Lestaeve B.,Delissen O.,Vacher C.M.,Dublineau I.,Voisin P.,Gourmelon P.,Taouis M.,and Lestaevel P.,2009,Heavy metal uranium affects the brain cholinergic system in rat following sub-chronic and chronic exposure,Toxicology,261(1):59-67
Beronius A.,Willighagen E.,Rudén C.,and Hanberg A.,2012,Factors influencing developmental neurotoxicity study outcome in the bisphenol a case,Toxicology Letters,211:S128-S129
Carageorgiou H.,Tzotzes V.,Pantos C.,Mourouzis C.,Zarros A.,and Tsakiris S.,2004,In vivo and in vitro effects of cadmium on adult rat brain total antioxidant status,acetylcholinesterase,(Na+,K+)-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase activities:protection by L-cysteine,Basic&Clinical Pharmacology&Toxicology,94:112-118
Castro B.,Sánchez P.,Torres J.M.,and Ortega E.,2013,Effects of adult exposure to bisphenol A on genes involved in the physiopathology of rat prefrontal cortex,PLoS One,8(9):e73584
Forsthoefel D.J.,and Newmark P.A.,2009,Emerging patterns in planarian regeneration,Current Opinion in Genetics&Development,19(4):412-420
Guo N.C.,and Xie P.,2009,The toxic effects of BPA and NP on D.carinata and M.micura,Shuisheng Shengwu Xuebao(Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica),33(3):492-497(郭匿春,谢平,2009,双酚A和壬基酚对隆线溞和微型裸腹溞的毒性,水生生物学报,33(3):492-497)
Kinne-Saffran E.,Hülseweh M.,Pfaff C.,and Kinne R.K.H.,1993,Inhibition of Na+,K+-ATPase by cadmium:different mechanisms in different species,Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology,121:22-29
Knakievic T.,and Ferreira H.B.,2008,Evaluation of copper effects upon Girardia tigrina freshwater planarians based on a set of biomarkers,Chemosphere,71(3):419-428
Luo G.Y.,Wei R.F.,Niu R.Y.,Wang C.,and Wang J.D.,2013,Pubertal exposure to Bisphenol A increases anxiety-like behavior and decreases acetylcholinesterase activity of hippocampus in adult male mice,Food and Chemical Toxicology,60:177-180
Minier C.,Forget-Leray J.,Bj覫nstad A.,and Camus L.,2008,Multixenobiotic resistance,acetyl-choline esterase activity and total oxyradical scavenging capacity of the Arctic spider crab,Hyas araneus,following exposure to bisphenol A,tetra bromo diphenyl ether and diallyl phthalate,Marine Pollution Bulletin,56(8):1410-1415
Monnet-Tschudi F.,Zurich M.G.,Schilter B.,Costa L.G.,and Honegger P.,2000,Maturation-dependent effects of chlorpyrifos and parathion and their oxygen analogs on acetylcholinesterase and neuronal and glial markers in aggregating brain cell cultures,Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology,165(3):175-183
Pascoe D.,Carroll K.,Karntanut W.,and Watts M.M.,2002,Toxicity of 17α-ethinylestradiol and bisphenol A to the freshwater cnidarian Hydra vulgaris,Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,43(1):56-63
Plahuta M.,Ti觢ler T.,Pintar A.,and Toman M.J.,2015,Adverse effects of bisphenol A on water louse(Asellus aquaticus),E-cotoxicology and Environmental Safety,117:81-88
Ren W.J.,Wang Z.,2017,Yang X.H.,Liu J.N.,Yang Q.,Chen Y.W.,and Shen S.B.,Acute toxicity effect of bisphenol A and its analogues on adult and embryo of zebrafish,Shengtai Yu Nongcun Huanjing Xuebao(Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment),33(4):372-378(任文娟,王贞,杨先海,刘济宁,杨倩,陈英文,沈树宝,2017,双酚A及其类似物对斑马鱼成鱼及胚胎的急性毒性,生态与农村环境学报,33(4):372-378)
Ru S.G.,Li S.M.,and Tian Y.,2011,Study progresson effects of organophosphorous pesticides on cholinergic system,Haiyang Huzhao Tongbao(Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology),(1):79-84(汝少国,李姝熳,田雨,2011,有机磷农药对胆碱能系统影响研究进展,海洋湖沼通报,(1):79-84)
Schiedek D.,Broeg K.,Bar觢ienéJ.,Lehtonen K.K.,Gercken J.,Pfeifer S.,Vuontisj覿rvi H.,Vuorinen P.J.,Dedonyte V.,Koehler A.,Balk L.,and Schneider R.,2006,Biomarker responses as indication of contaminant effects in blue mussel(Mytilus edulis)and female eelpout(Zoarces viviparus)from the southwestern Baltic Sea,Marine Pollution Bulletin,53(8):377-386
Slotkin T.A.,and Seidler F.J.,2015,Prenatal nicotine alters the developmental neurotoxicity of postnatal chlorpyrifos directed toward cholinergic systems:Better,worse,or just“different”,Brain Research Bulletin,110:54-67
Stump D.G.,Beck M.J.,Radovsky A.,Garman R.H.,Freshwater L.L.,Sheets L.P.,Marty M.S.,Waechter J.M.,Dimond S.S.,Van Miller J.P.,Shiotsuka R.N.,Beyer D.,Chappelle A.H.,and Hentges S.G.,2010,Developmental neurotoxicity study of dietary bisphenol A in Sprague-Dawley rats,Toxicological sciences,115(1):167-182
Wu J.P.,Lee H.L.,and Li M.H.,2014,Cadmium neurotoxicity to a freshwater planarian,Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,67(4):639-650
Yuan Z.Q.,and Gong X.N.,2014,Detection of genotoxicity of PFOS and PFOA in planarian Dugesia japonica by SCGE,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),33(4):906-909(袁佐清,宫晓宁,2014,单细胞凝胶电泳检测PFOS和PFOA对三角涡虫核DNA的损伤作用,基因组学与应用生物学,33(4):906-909)
Zeng L.X.,Zhang Y.J.,Kang Y.,and Zhang Q.Y.,2014,Effects of BPA and NP on respiratory metabolism and antioxidant enzymes in Asian calm,Shengtai Huanjing Xuebao(Ecology and Environmental Sciences),23(1):122-128(曾丽璇,张悦君,康园,张秋云,2014,双酚A和壬基酚对河蚬呼吸代谢和抗氧化酶活性的影响,生态环境学报,23(1):122-128)
Zhang X.N.,Li S.M,Wang C.C.,Tian H.,Wang W.,and Ru S.G.,2017,Effects of monocrotophos pesticide on cholinergic and dopaminergic neurotransmitter systems during early development in the sea urchin Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus,Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology,328:46-53
Zou Y.J.,Wu S.G.,Li J.,Lei Y.B.,and Zhang X.F.,2015,Effects of BPA on activity and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes in planarian Dugesia japonica,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),34(6):1184-1188(邹杨建,吴素格,李娟,类艳贝,张秀芳,2015,双酚A对三角涡虫DjSOD,DjCAT,DjGPx基因及相关酶活性的影响,基因组学与应用生物学,34(6):1184-1188)
Beronius A.,Willighagen E.,Rudén C.,and Hanberg A.,2012,Factors influencing developmental neurotoxicity study outcome in the bisphenol a case,Toxicology Letters,211:S128-S129
Carageorgiou H.,Tzotzes V.,Pantos C.,Mourouzis C.,Zarros A.,and Tsakiris S.,2004,In vivo and in vitro effects of cadmium on adult rat brain total antioxidant status,acetylcholinesterase,(Na+,K+)-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase activities:protection by L-cysteine,Basic&Clinical Pharmacology&Toxicology,94:112-118
Castro B.,Sánchez P.,Torres J.M.,and Ortega E.,2013,Effects of adult exposure to bisphenol A on genes involved in the physiopathology of rat prefrontal cortex,PLoS One,8(9):e73584
Forsthoefel D.J.,and Newmark P.A.,2009,Emerging patterns in planarian regeneration,Current Opinion in Genetics&Development,19(4):412-420
Guo N.C.,and Xie P.,2009,The toxic effects of BPA and NP on D.carinata and M.micura,Shuisheng Shengwu Xuebao(Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica),33(3):492-497(郭匿春,谢平,2009,双酚A和壬基酚对隆线溞和微型裸腹溞的毒性,水生生物学报,33(3):492-497)
Kinne-Saffran E.,Hülseweh M.,Pfaff C.,and Kinne R.K.H.,1993,Inhibition of Na+,K+-ATPase by cadmium:different mechanisms in different species,Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology,121:22-29
Knakievic T.,and Ferreira H.B.,2008,Evaluation of copper effects upon Girardia tigrina freshwater planarians based on a set of biomarkers,Chemosphere,71(3):419-428
Luo G.Y.,Wei R.F.,Niu R.Y.,Wang C.,and Wang J.D.,2013,Pubertal exposure to Bisphenol A increases anxiety-like behavior and decreases acetylcholinesterase activity of hippocampus in adult male mice,Food and Chemical Toxicology,60:177-180
Minier C.,Forget-Leray J.,Bj覫nstad A.,and Camus L.,2008,Multixenobiotic resistance,acetyl-choline esterase activity and total oxyradical scavenging capacity of the Arctic spider crab,Hyas araneus,following exposure to bisphenol A,tetra bromo diphenyl ether and diallyl phthalate,Marine Pollution Bulletin,56(8):1410-1415
Monnet-Tschudi F.,Zurich M.G.,Schilter B.,Costa L.G.,and Honegger P.,2000,Maturation-dependent effects of chlorpyrifos and parathion and their oxygen analogs on acetylcholinesterase and neuronal and glial markers in aggregating brain cell cultures,Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology,165(3):175-183
Pascoe D.,Carroll K.,Karntanut W.,and Watts M.M.,2002,Toxicity of 17α-ethinylestradiol and bisphenol A to the freshwater cnidarian Hydra vulgaris,Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,43(1):56-63
Plahuta M.,Ti觢ler T.,Pintar A.,and Toman M.J.,2015,Adverse effects of bisphenol A on water louse(Asellus aquaticus),E-cotoxicology and Environmental Safety,117:81-88
Ren W.J.,Wang Z.,2017,Yang X.H.,Liu J.N.,Yang Q.,Chen Y.W.,and Shen S.B.,Acute toxicity effect of bisphenol A and its analogues on adult and embryo of zebrafish,Shengtai Yu Nongcun Huanjing Xuebao(Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment),33(4):372-378(任文娟,王贞,杨先海,刘济宁,杨倩,陈英文,沈树宝,2017,双酚A及其类似物对斑马鱼成鱼及胚胎的急性毒性,生态与农村环境学报,33(4):372-378)
Ru S.G.,Li S.M.,and Tian Y.,2011,Study progresson effects of organophosphorous pesticides on cholinergic system,Haiyang Huzhao Tongbao(Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology),(1):79-84(汝少国,李姝熳,田雨,2011,有机磷农药对胆碱能系统影响研究进展,海洋湖沼通报,(1):79-84)
Schiedek D.,Broeg K.,Bar觢ienéJ.,Lehtonen K.K.,Gercken J.,Pfeifer S.,Vuontisj覿rvi H.,Vuorinen P.J.,Dedonyte V.,Koehler A.,Balk L.,and Schneider R.,2006,Biomarker responses as indication of contaminant effects in blue mussel(Mytilus edulis)and female eelpout(Zoarces viviparus)from the southwestern Baltic Sea,Marine Pollution Bulletin,53(8):377-386
Slotkin T.A.,and Seidler F.J.,2015,Prenatal nicotine alters the developmental neurotoxicity of postnatal chlorpyrifos directed toward cholinergic systems:Better,worse,or just“different”,Brain Research Bulletin,110:54-67
Stump D.G.,Beck M.J.,Radovsky A.,Garman R.H.,Freshwater L.L.,Sheets L.P.,Marty M.S.,Waechter J.M.,Dimond S.S.,Van Miller J.P.,Shiotsuka R.N.,Beyer D.,Chappelle A.H.,and Hentges S.G.,2010,Developmental neurotoxicity study of dietary bisphenol A in Sprague-Dawley rats,Toxicological sciences,115(1):167-182
Wu J.P.,Lee H.L.,and Li M.H.,2014,Cadmium neurotoxicity to a freshwater planarian,Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,67(4):639-650
Yuan Z.Q.,and Gong X.N.,2014,Detection of genotoxicity of PFOS and PFOA in planarian Dugesia japonica by SCGE,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),33(4):906-909(袁佐清,宫晓宁,2014,单细胞凝胶电泳检测PFOS和PFOA对三角涡虫核DNA的损伤作用,基因组学与应用生物学,33(4):906-909)
Zeng L.X.,Zhang Y.J.,Kang Y.,and Zhang Q.Y.,2014,Effects of BPA and NP on respiratory metabolism and antioxidant enzymes in Asian calm,Shengtai Huanjing Xuebao(Ecology and Environmental Sciences),23(1):122-128(曾丽璇,张悦君,康园,张秋云,2014,双酚A和壬基酚对河蚬呼吸代谢和抗氧化酶活性的影响,生态环境学报,23(1):122-128)
Zhang X.N.,Li S.M,Wang C.C.,Tian H.,Wang W.,and Ru S.G.,2017,Effects of monocrotophos pesticide on cholinergic and dopaminergic neurotransmitter systems during early development in the sea urchin Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus,Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology,328:46-53
Zou Y.J.,Wu S.G.,Li J.,Lei Y.B.,and Zhang X.F.,2015,Effects of BPA on activity and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes in planarian Dugesia japonica,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),34(6):1184-1188(邹杨建,吴素格,李娟,类艳贝,张秀芳,2015,双酚A对三角涡虫DjSOD,DjCAT,DjGPx基因及相关酶活性的影响,基因组学与应用生物学,34(6):1184-1188)