太湖氨化功能菌群的分布及其有机氮降解条件
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摘要
为探究富营养化湖泊水体微生物对有机氮的去除,用最大可能数(MPN)法测定了太湖氨化菌的分布,并进行了氨化菌的分离纯化、筛选以及生理生化分析、有机氮降解条件及效果研究.结果表明,太湖水体中氨化菌数量普遍偏高,从东部沿岸区域到西部沿岸区氨化菌数量逐步增多.太湖4处采样点氨化菌数量随着底泥深度的增加呈下降-上升-下降的规律.氨化菌的培养最佳条件为28℃、pH 7.2、盐度0.004 mol/L.筛选出的6株氨化菌AB-1～AB-6,它们对有机氮的降解率分别为36%、69%、67%、71%、83%、56%,AB-5菌株对有机氮的降解能力最大.本研究丰富了降解有机氮菌种资源,可为该菌在湖泊微生物驱动氮元素转化提供参考,为解决太湖水体中氮素污染问题,改善太湖水质环境提供科学依据.
In order to explore the removal of organic nitrogen by microorganisms in eutrophic lake,the distribution ofammonifyingbacteriainTaihuLakewasdeterminedbytheMostProbableNumber(MPN)method,andtheisolation,purification,screening and physiological and biochemical analysis of ammonifying bacteria,degradation conditions and effects of organic nitrogen were carried out. It showed that the number of ammonifying bacteria was generally high in Taihu Lake,and it gradually increased from the eastern coastal area to the western coastal area. With the increase of sediment depth,the number of ammonifying bacteria at the four sampling sites of Taihu Lake with decreases,increases and decreases. The optimum conditions for cultivation of ammoniating bacteria were 28 ℃,pH 7.2 and salinity 0.004 mol/L. Ammonifying bacteria AB-1 to AB-6 were screened to degrade organic nitrogen,which were36%,69%,67%,71%,83% and 56%,respectively. AB-5 strain had the greatest ability to degrade organic nitrogen.This study enriches the resources of organic nitrogen degrading bacteria,provides a reference for the transformation of nitrogen elements driven by microorganisms in lakes,and provides a scientific basis for solving the problem of nitrogen pollution in Taihu Lake and improving the water quality and environment of Taihu Lake.
In order to explore the removal of organic nitrogen by microorganisms in eutrophic lake,the distribution ofammonifyingbacteriainTaihuLakewasdeterminedbytheMostProbableNumber(MPN)method,andtheisolation,purification,screening and physiological and biochemical analysis of ammonifying bacteria,degradation conditions and effects of organic nitrogen were carried out. It showed that the number of ammonifying bacteria was generally high in Taihu Lake,and it gradually increased from the eastern coastal area to the western coastal area. With the increase of sediment depth,the number of ammonifying bacteria at the four sampling sites of Taihu Lake with decreases,increases and decreases. The optimum conditions for cultivation of ammoniating bacteria were 28 ℃,pH 7.2 and salinity 0.004 mol/L. Ammonifying bacteria AB-1 to AB-6 were screened to degrade organic nitrogen,which were36%,69%,67%,71%,83% and 56%,respectively. AB-5 strain had the greatest ability to degrade organic nitrogen.This study enriches the resources of organic nitrogen degrading bacteria,provides a reference for the transformation of nitrogen elements driven by microorganisms in lakes,and provides a scientific basis for solving the problem of nitrogen pollution in Taihu Lake and improving the water quality and environment of Taihu Lake.
引文
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[19]韩晓阳,李智,汪强强,等.茶园土壤高活性氨化菌的筛选鉴定及特性研究[J].茶叶科学,2013(1):91-98.
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[22]杜小波,惠明,田青,等.一株氨化菌的分离鉴定及其氨化特性研究[J].河南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,42(1):137-140.
[23]李辉,徐新阳,李培军,等.人工湿地中氨化细菌去除有机氮的效果[J].环境工程学报,2008,2(8):1044-1047.
[24]匡燕,梁运祥.一株水体高效氨化菌的分离及特性研究[J].环境科学与技术,2013(2):19-22.
[25]蔡艳,郝明德,臧逸飞,等.长期施肥对黑垆土氨化细菌数量和氨化作用强度的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2016,36(11):1517-1522.
[26]姜天翔,任华峰,陈进斌,等.一株耐盐耐氧反硝化菌MCW148的分离鉴定及其脱氮特性[J].湖北农业科学,2017,56(13):2442-2445.
[27]雷静.富营养化水体清淤后微生物控氮技术应用研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2015.
[28]郭端强,方改霞,段敬霞,等.河南省白龟山水库下游水体氨化细菌分离鉴定及其降解有机氮条件[J].微生物学通报,2014,41(2):236-242.
[2]GRAEDEL T E,ALLENBY B R.Industrial ecology and sustainable engineering[M].Englewood Cliffs,N J:Prentice Hall,2010.
[3]段金明,林锦美,方宏达,等.改性钢渣吸附氨氮和磷的特性研究[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(1):201-205.
[4]张登宇,刘方,陈思琳,等.生物质炭对垃圾渗滤液中氨氮去除效果的研究[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(14):264-268.
[5]陈少华,汪家权,夏雪兰,等.双室微生物燃料电池同时去除废水中的苯酚和硝酸盐[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(3):891-895.
[6]王会聪,曹海鹏,何珊,等.一株养殖水体中亚硝酸盐去除菌的鉴定及其去除条件[J].微生物学通报,2012,39(2):154-161.
[7]郭端强,刘海龙,万亚涛,等.一株好氧反硝化细菌的分离鉴定及反硝化特性研究[J].生物技术通报,2012(10):205-209.
[8]张庆华,戴习林,李怡,等.凡纳滨对虾养殖池水中氨化细菌的鉴定及系统发育分析.水产学报,2007,31(5):692-698.
[9]李辉,徐新阳,李培军,等.人工湿地中氨化细菌去除有机氮的效果[J].环境工程学报,2008,8(10):1044-1047.
[10]张文艺,李秋艳,赵婷婷,等.BAF反应器中氨化细菌的筛选与氨化特性分析[J].环境工程学报,2011,5(12):2890-2894.
[11]SELVAKUMAR G,JOSHI P,NAZIM S,et al.Exiguobacterium acetylicumstrain 1P(MTCC 8707)a novel bacterial antagonist from the North Western Indian Himalayas[J].World Journal of Microbiology&Biotechnology,2009,25(1):131-137.
[12]RODRIGUES D F,GORIS J,VISHNIVETSKAYA T,et al.Characterization of Exiguobacterium isolates from the Siberian permafrost.Description of Exiguobacterium sibiricum sp.nov[J].Extremophiles,2006,10(4):285-294.
[13]周家喜,张晓敏,胡大鸣,等.陈化烟叶中氨化细菌鉴定及有机氮降解特性[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(11):3005-3011.
[14]吴金水.土壤微生物生物量测定方法及其应用[M].北京:气象出版社,2006.
[15]蔡妙英,冬秀珠.常见细菌系统鉴定手册[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.
[16]ZHANG L Y,RAO B Q,XIONG Y,et al.The microbial mechanism of horizonal constructed wetland used to treated black-odor fiver[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2010,34(2):256-261.
[17]汤琳,张锦平,朱刚.苏州河氨化菌分布及生理生化研究[J].中国环境监测,2006,22(6):89-91.
[18]何品晶,潘修疆,吕凡,等.pH值对有机垃圾厌氧水解和酸化速率的影响[J].中国环境科学,2006,26(1):57-61.
[19]韩晓阳,李智,汪强强,等.茶园土壤高活性氨化菌的筛选鉴定及特性研究[J].茶叶科学,2013(1):91-98.
[20]芮传芳.脱氮微生物的筛选及其脱氮性能研究[D].合肥:安徽大学,2011.
[21]汤琳,朱刚,张锦平.环境条件对苏州河氨化功能菌群生长的影响[J].上海环境科学,2003(S2):150-152.
[22]杜小波,惠明,田青,等.一株氨化菌的分离鉴定及其氨化特性研究[J].河南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,42(1):137-140.
[23]李辉,徐新阳,李培军,等.人工湿地中氨化细菌去除有机氮的效果[J].环境工程学报,2008,2(8):1044-1047.
[24]匡燕,梁运祥.一株水体高效氨化菌的分离及特性研究[J].环境科学与技术,2013(2):19-22.
[25]蔡艳,郝明德,臧逸飞,等.长期施肥对黑垆土氨化细菌数量和氨化作用强度的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2016,36(11):1517-1522.
[26]姜天翔,任华峰,陈进斌,等.一株耐盐耐氧反硝化菌MCW148的分离鉴定及其脱氮特性[J].湖北农业科学,2017,56(13):2442-2445.
[27]雷静.富营养化水体清淤后微生物控氮技术应用研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2015.
[28]郭端强,方改霞,段敬霞,等.河南省白龟山水库下游水体氨化细菌分离鉴定及其降解有机氮条件[J].微生物学通报,2014,41(2):236-242.