Fabrication and characterization of novel foaming polyurethane hollow fiber membrane
|
摘要
Foam-like materials had attracted great interest as promising absorbent. In this study, thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU) block sponge was synthesized. Polyester(PET) braid tubular reinforced polyurethane(PU) spongy hollow fiber membrane was prepared by a concentric circular spinning method. The method was woven from an outer coated water-blown PU separation layer and inner PET braid tubular. We have developed a simple and useful preparation technique for the PU spongy hollow fiber membrane. For the first time, the PU spongy hollow fiber membrane was prepared using a coating and controlled foaming technique. The influence of toluene isocyanate index on the physical properties, morphology, and structure of flexible PU sponge was discussed in terms of water contact angle(CA), pure water flux(PWF), Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis(FTIR),pressure-responsive property, and pull-out strength. The morphologies of the membranes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. We have characterized the foams from an intuitive point of view and demonstrated that the dimensional morphology of the membrane was closely related to isocyanate index. The result showed that the surface cell size of the PU sponge hollow fiber membrane gradually decreased with an increase of the isocyanate index. Due to the elasticity of PU at room temperature, the pressure responsive characteristic of the membrane was prepared. When isocyanate index was 1.05, the interface bonding strength of PU spongy hollow fiber membranes reached as high as 0.37 MPa, porosity and PWF were 71.5% and 415.5 L·m~(-2)·h~(-1),respectively.
Foam-like materials had attracted great interest as promising absorbent. In this study, thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU) block sponge was synthesized. Polyester(PET) braid tubular reinforced polyurethane(PU) spongy hollow fiber membrane was prepared by a concentric circular spinning method. The method was woven from an outer coated water-blown PU separation layer and inner PET braid tubular. We have developed a simple and useful preparation technique for the PU spongy hollow fiber membrane. For the first time, the PU spongy hollow fiber membrane was prepared using a coating and controlled foaming technique. The influence of toluene isocyanate index on the physical properties, morphology, and structure of flexible PU sponge was discussed in terms of water contact angle(CA), pure water flux(PWF), Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis(FTIR),pressure-responsive property, and pull-out strength. The morphologies of the membranes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. We have characterized the foams from an intuitive point of view and demonstrated that the dimensional morphology of the membrane was closely related to isocyanate index. The result showed that the surface cell size of the PU sponge hollow fiber membrane gradually decreased with an increase of the isocyanate index. Due to the elasticity of PU at room temperature, the pressure responsive characteristic of the membrane was prepared. When isocyanate index was 1.05, the interface bonding strength of PU spongy hollow fiber membranes reached as high as 0.37 MPa, porosity and PWF were 71.5% and 415.5 L·m~(-2)·h~(-1),respectively.
Foam-like materials had attracted great interest as promising absorbent. In this study, thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU) block sponge was synthesized. Polyester(PET) braid tubular reinforced polyurethane(PU) spongy hollow fiber membrane was prepared by a concentric circular spinning method. The method was woven from an outer coated water-blown PU separation layer and inner PET braid tubular. We have developed a simple and useful preparation technique for the PU spongy hollow fiber membrane. For the first time, the PU spongy hollow fiber membrane was prepared using a coating and controlled foaming technique. The influence of toluene isocyanate index on the physical properties, morphology, and structure of flexible PU sponge was discussed in terms of water contact angle(CA), pure water flux(PWF), Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis(FTIR),pressure-responsive property, and pull-out strength. The morphologies of the membranes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. We have characterized the foams from an intuitive point of view and demonstrated that the dimensional morphology of the membrane was closely related to isocyanate index. The result showed that the surface cell size of the PU sponge hollow fiber membrane gradually decreased with an increase of the isocyanate index. Due to the elasticity of PU at room temperature, the pressure responsive characteristic of the membrane was prepared. When isocyanate index was 1.05, the interface bonding strength of PU spongy hollow fiber membranes reached as high as 0.37 MPa, porosity and PWF were 71.5% and 415.5 L·m~(-2)·h~(-1),respectively.
引文
[1]C.Feng,K.Khulbe,T.Matsuura,A.Ismail,Recent progresses in polymeric hollow fiber membrane preparation,characterization and applications,Sep.Purif.Technol.111(2013)43-71.
[2]M.Ulbricht,Advanced functional polymer membranes,Polymer 47(2006)2217-2262.
[3]K.Nath,Membrane Separation Processes,PHI Learning Pvt.Ltd.,2017
[4]T.Barton,L.Bull,W.Klemperer,D.Loy,Tailored porous materials,Chem.Mater.11(1999)2633-2656.
[5]D.Wu,F.Xu,B.Sun,R.Fu,H.He,K.Matyjazewski,Design and preparation of porous polymers,Chem.Rev.112(2012)3959-4015.
[6]W.Zhang,Z.Wu,H.Jiang,S.Yu,Nanowire-directed templating synthesis of metalorganic framework nanofibers and their derived porous doped carbon nanofibers for enhanced electrocatalysis,J.Am.Chem.Soc.136(2014)14385-14388.
[7]V.Malgras,Q.Ji,Y.Kamachi,T.Mori,F.Shieh,Templated synthesis for nanoarchitectured porous materials,Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn.88(2015)1171-1200.
[8]A.Afzali,S.Maghsoodlou,Engineered nanoporous materials:A comprehensive,Physical Chemistry Research for Engineering and Applied Sciences,Volume One:Principles and Technological Implications,2015,p.317.
[9]X.Gui,Z.Zeng,Z.Lin,Q.Gan,R.Xiang,Y.Zhu,A.Cao,Z.Tang,Magnetic and highly recyclable macroporous carbon nanotubes for spilled oil sorption and separation,ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces 5(2013)5845-5850.
[10]Y.Manawi,V.Kochkodan,A.Mohammad,M.Atieh,Arabic gum as a novel poreforming and hydrophilic agent in polysulfone membranes,J.Membr.Sci.529(2017)95-104.
[11]X.Fang,J.Li,X.Li,X.Sun,J.Shen,W.Han,L.Wang,Polyethyleneimine,an effective additive for polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane with enhanced permeability and selectivity,J.Membr.Sci.476(2015)216-223.
[12]J.Dai,C.Liu,J.Yang,Y.Wang,C.Zhang,Z.Zhou,Largely enhanced effective porosity of uniaxial stretched polypropylene membrane achieved by pore-forming agent,J.Polym.Res.23(2016)1-9.
[13]Q.Huang,C.Xiao,X.Hu,S.An,Fabrication and properties of poly(tetrafluoroethyleneco-hexafluoropropylene)hollow fiber membranes,J.Mater.Chem.21(2011)16510-16516.
[14]P.Wang,T.Chung,Recent advances in membrane distillation processes:Membrane development,configuration design and application exploring,J.Membr.Sci.474(2015)39-56.
[15]P.Cinelli,I.Anguillesi,A.Lazzeri,Green synthesis of flexible polyurethane foams from liquefied lignin,Eur.Polym.J.49(2013)1174-1184.
[16]H.Yao,J.Ge,C.Wang,X.Wang,W.Hu,Z.Zheng,Y.Ni,S.Yu,A flexible and highly pressure-sensitive graphene-polyurethane sponge based on fractured microstructure design,Adv.Mater.25(2013)6692-6698.
[17]H.Pan,W.Wang,Y.Pan,L.Song,Y.Hu,K.M.Liew,Formation of layer-by-layer assembled titanate nanotubes filled coating on flexible polyurethane foam with improved flame retardant and smoke suppression properties,ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces 7(2014)101-111.
[18]G.Harikrishnan,T.Umasankar Patro,D.V.Khakhar,Polyurethane foam-clay nanocomposites:Nanoclays as cell openers,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.45(2006)7126-7134.
[19]W.W.Kong,Study on organic montmorillonite modified rigid polyurethane foam composites,Ph D.Thesis,Zhejiang University,2010(in Chinese).
[20]M.Peng,M.X.Zhou,Z.J.Jin,W.W.Kong,Z.B.Xu,D.Vadillo,Effect of surface modifications of carbon black(CB)on the properties of CB/polyurethane foams,J.Mater.Sci.45(2010)1065-1073.
[21]S.Siggia,J.Hanna,Determination of organic isocyanates of isothiocyanates,Anal.Chem.20(1948)1084.
[22]G.Wood,The ICI Polyurethane Hand Book,John Wiley&Sons,New York,1990.
[23]H.Matsuyama,M.Teramoto,S.Kudari,Y.Kitamura,Effect of diluents on membrane formation via thermally induced phase separation,J.Appl.Polym.Sci.82(2001)169-177.
[24]Dimitrios V.Dounis,Garth L.Wilkes,Effect of toluene diisocyanate index on morphology and physical properties of flexible slabstock polyurethane foams,J.Appl.Polym.Sci.66(1997)2395-2408.
[25]J.Caro,Basic principles of membrane technology,Z.Phys.Chem.203(1998)263-267.
[26]X.Y.Hu,Y.B.Chen,H.X.Liang,et al.,Preparation of pressure responsive hollow fiber membrane by melt-spinning of polyurethane-poly(vinylidene fluoride)-poly(ethylene glycol)blends,Mater.Manuf.Process.25(2010)1018-1020.
[2]M.Ulbricht,Advanced functional polymer membranes,Polymer 47(2006)2217-2262.
[3]K.Nath,Membrane Separation Processes,PHI Learning Pvt.Ltd.,2017
[4]T.Barton,L.Bull,W.Klemperer,D.Loy,Tailored porous materials,Chem.Mater.11(1999)2633-2656.
[5]D.Wu,F.Xu,B.Sun,R.Fu,H.He,K.Matyjazewski,Design and preparation of porous polymers,Chem.Rev.112(2012)3959-4015.
[6]W.Zhang,Z.Wu,H.Jiang,S.Yu,Nanowire-directed templating synthesis of metalorganic framework nanofibers and their derived porous doped carbon nanofibers for enhanced electrocatalysis,J.Am.Chem.Soc.136(2014)14385-14388.
[7]V.Malgras,Q.Ji,Y.Kamachi,T.Mori,F.Shieh,Templated synthesis for nanoarchitectured porous materials,Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn.88(2015)1171-1200.
[8]A.Afzali,S.Maghsoodlou,Engineered nanoporous materials:A comprehensive,Physical Chemistry Research for Engineering and Applied Sciences,Volume One:Principles and Technological Implications,2015,p.317.
[9]X.Gui,Z.Zeng,Z.Lin,Q.Gan,R.Xiang,Y.Zhu,A.Cao,Z.Tang,Magnetic and highly recyclable macroporous carbon nanotubes for spilled oil sorption and separation,ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces 5(2013)5845-5850.
[10]Y.Manawi,V.Kochkodan,A.Mohammad,M.Atieh,Arabic gum as a novel poreforming and hydrophilic agent in polysulfone membranes,J.Membr.Sci.529(2017)95-104.
[11]X.Fang,J.Li,X.Li,X.Sun,J.Shen,W.Han,L.Wang,Polyethyleneimine,an effective additive for polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane with enhanced permeability and selectivity,J.Membr.Sci.476(2015)216-223.
[12]J.Dai,C.Liu,J.Yang,Y.Wang,C.Zhang,Z.Zhou,Largely enhanced effective porosity of uniaxial stretched polypropylene membrane achieved by pore-forming agent,J.Polym.Res.23(2016)1-9.
[13]Q.Huang,C.Xiao,X.Hu,S.An,Fabrication and properties of poly(tetrafluoroethyleneco-hexafluoropropylene)hollow fiber membranes,J.Mater.Chem.21(2011)16510-16516.
[14]P.Wang,T.Chung,Recent advances in membrane distillation processes:Membrane development,configuration design and application exploring,J.Membr.Sci.474(2015)39-56.
[15]P.Cinelli,I.Anguillesi,A.Lazzeri,Green synthesis of flexible polyurethane foams from liquefied lignin,Eur.Polym.J.49(2013)1174-1184.
[16]H.Yao,J.Ge,C.Wang,X.Wang,W.Hu,Z.Zheng,Y.Ni,S.Yu,A flexible and highly pressure-sensitive graphene-polyurethane sponge based on fractured microstructure design,Adv.Mater.25(2013)6692-6698.
[17]H.Pan,W.Wang,Y.Pan,L.Song,Y.Hu,K.M.Liew,Formation of layer-by-layer assembled titanate nanotubes filled coating on flexible polyurethane foam with improved flame retardant and smoke suppression properties,ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces 7(2014)101-111.
[18]G.Harikrishnan,T.Umasankar Patro,D.V.Khakhar,Polyurethane foam-clay nanocomposites:Nanoclays as cell openers,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.45(2006)7126-7134.
[19]W.W.Kong,Study on organic montmorillonite modified rigid polyurethane foam composites,Ph D.Thesis,Zhejiang University,2010(in Chinese).
[20]M.Peng,M.X.Zhou,Z.J.Jin,W.W.Kong,Z.B.Xu,D.Vadillo,Effect of surface modifications of carbon black(CB)on the properties of CB/polyurethane foams,J.Mater.Sci.45(2010)1065-1073.
[21]S.Siggia,J.Hanna,Determination of organic isocyanates of isothiocyanates,Anal.Chem.20(1948)1084.
[22]G.Wood,The ICI Polyurethane Hand Book,John Wiley&Sons,New York,1990.
[23]H.Matsuyama,M.Teramoto,S.Kudari,Y.Kitamura,Effect of diluents on membrane formation via thermally induced phase separation,J.Appl.Polym.Sci.82(2001)169-177.
[24]Dimitrios V.Dounis,Garth L.Wilkes,Effect of toluene diisocyanate index on morphology and physical properties of flexible slabstock polyurethane foams,J.Appl.Polym.Sci.66(1997)2395-2408.
[25]J.Caro,Basic principles of membrane technology,Z.Phys.Chem.203(1998)263-267.
[26]X.Y.Hu,Y.B.Chen,H.X.Liang,et al.,Preparation of pressure responsive hollow fiber membrane by melt-spinning of polyurethane-poly(vinylidene fluoride)-poly(ethylene glycol)blends,Mater.Manuf.Process.25(2010)1018-1020.