改进的混合直流断路器方案
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摘要
模块化多电平换流器高压直流输电MMC-HVDC(modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current)技术近年来得到迅猛发展,已成为解决新能源并网以及多端直流互联的有效手段之一,而高压直流断路器的缺乏已成为制约其工程应用的瓶颈之一。首先探讨了MMC-HVDC的双极短路故障特性;接着,对比分析了不同类型的直流断路器技术;然后,基于上述结果,在传统混合直流断路器基础上,提出了一种改进的混合式直流断路器方案,并详细分析了其工程过程;最后,通过仿真对其可行性和有效性进行了验证。
The technology of modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current(MMC-HVDC)has been developed rapidly in recent years, becoming one of the most effective means for the gird integration of renewable energies and the interconnection of multi-terminal HVDC. However, the absence of a high-voltage DC circuit breaker has become one of the bottlenecks restricting its engineering applications. First, the bipolar short-circuit fault characteristics of MMC-HVDC are discussed. Then, different types of DC circuit breaker technologies are compared and analyzed.Afterwards, a modified hybrid DC circuit breaker scheme is proposed based on the traditional hybrid DC circuit breaker,and its working process is analyzed in detail. Finally, its feasibility and effectiveness are verified through simulations.
The technology of modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current(MMC-HVDC)has been developed rapidly in recent years, becoming one of the most effective means for the gird integration of renewable energies and the interconnection of multi-terminal HVDC. However, the absence of a high-voltage DC circuit breaker has become one of the bottlenecks restricting its engineering applications. First, the bipolar short-circuit fault characteristics of MMC-HVDC are discussed. Then, different types of DC circuit breaker technologies are compared and analyzed.Afterwards, a modified hybrid DC circuit breaker scheme is proposed based on the traditional hybrid DC circuit breaker,and its working process is analyzed in detail. Finally, its feasibility and effectiveness are verified through simulations.
引文
[1]周孝信,陈树勇,鲁宗相.电网与电网技术发展的回顾与展望—试论三代电网[J].中国电机工程学报, 2013, 33(22):1-11.Zhou Xiaoxin, Chen Shuyong, Lu Zongxiang. Review and prospect for power system development and related technologies:A concept of three-generation power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE, 2013, 33(22):1-11(in Chinese).
[2]汤广福,罗湘,魏晓光.多端直流输电与直流电网技术[J].中国电机工程学报, 2013, 33(10):8-17.Tang Guangfu, Luo Xiang, Wei Xiaoguang. Multi-terminal HVDC and DC-grid technology[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013, 33(10):8-17(in Chinese).
[3]石绍磊,李彬彬,张毅,等.模块化多电平型高压DC/DC变换器的研究[J].电源学报, 2015, 13(6):110-116.Shi Shaolei, Li Binbin, Zhang Yi, et al. Research on modular multilevel high voltage DC/DC converter[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2015, 13(6):110-116(in Chinese).
[4]徐延明,赵成勇,周飞,等.适用于电路仿真的IGBT模块暂态模型研究[J].电源学报, 2016, 14(3):28-37.Xu Yanming, Zhao Chengyong, Zhou Fei, et al. Research on IGBT module transient model for circuit simulation[J].Journal of Power Supply, 2016, 14(3):28-37(in Chinese).
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[6]刘盼盼,荆龙,刘京斗,等. MMC-MTDC输电系统新型直流电压斜率控制策略[J].电测与仪表, 2016, 53(6):1-7.Liu Panpan, Jing Long, Liu Jingdou, et al. A novel DC voltage slope control strategy for MMC-MTDC transmission system[J]. Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation, 2016,53(6):1-7(in Chinese).
[7]辛业春,李国庆,王朝斌,等.基于状态反馈解耦控制的MMC-HVDC系统控制策略研究[J].电测与仪表, 2015, 52(20):65-70.Xin Yechun, Li Guoqing, Wang Chaobin, et al. MMCHVDC system control strategy study based on state feedback decoupling control[J]. Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation, 2015, 52(20):65-70(in Chinese).
[8]赵成勇,陈晓芳,曹春刚,等.模块化多电平换流器HVDC直流侧故障控制保护策略[J].电力系统自动化, 2011, 35(23):82-87.Zhao Chengyong, Chen Xiaofang, Cao Chungang, et al.Control and protection strategies for MMC-HVDC under DC faults[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2011,35(23):82-87(in Chinese).
[9] Hafner J, Jacobson B. Proactive hybrid HVDC breakers-a key innovation for reliable HVDC grids[C]. Integrating Supergrids and Microgrids International Symposium. Bologna,Italy, 2011:1-9.
[10] Alstom. Alstom confirms research findings, done with RTE,in high-voltage DC circuit-breaker technology[EB/OL].(2014-01-24). http://www.alstom.com/press-centre/2014/1/alstom-confirms-research-findings-done-with-rte-in-highvoltage-dc-circuit-breaker-technology/.
[11]北极星智能电网在线.世界首台200千伏高压直流断路器研制获得成功[EB/OL].(2015-01-07).http://www.chinasmartgrid.com.cn/news/20150107/579717.shtml.
[12]王晨,庄劲武,张晓锋,等.新型混合型限流断路器分析及试验[J].电力系统自动化, 2013, 34(15):60-65.Wang Chen, Zhuang Jinwu, Zhang Xiaofeng, et al. Analysis and test novel hybrid current-limiting circuit breakers[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2013, 34(15):60-65(in Chinese).
[13]江道灼,张弛,郑欢,等.一种限流式混合直流断路器方案[J].电力系统自动化, 2014, 38(4):65-71.Jiang Daozhuo, Zhang Chi, Zheng Huan, et al. A scheme for current-limiting hybrid DC circuit breaker[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2014, 38(4):65-71(in Chinese).
[14]王姗姗,周孝信,汤广福,等.模块化多电平换流器HVDC直流双极短路子模块过电流分析[J].中国电机工程学报, 2011, 31(1):1-7.Wang Shanshan, Zhou Xiaoxin, Tang Guangfu, et al. Analysis of submodule overcurrent caused by DC pole-to-pole fault in modular multilevel converter HVDC system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE, 2011, 31(1):1-7(in Chinese).
[15]吴方劼,马玉龙,梅念,等.舟山多端柔性直流输电工程主接线方案设计[J].电网技术, 2014, 38(10):2651-2657.Wu Fangjie, Ma Yulong, Mei Nian, et al. Design of main connection scheme for Zhoushan flexible multi-terminal HVDC transmission project[J]. Power System Technology,2014, 38(10):2651-2657(in Chinese).
[16]李亚男,蒋维勇,余世峰,等.舟山多端柔性直流输电工程系统设计[J].高电压技术, 2014, 40(8):2490-2496.Li Yanan, Jiang Weiyong, Yu Shifeng, et al. System design of Zhoushan multi-terminal VSC-HVDC transmission project[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2014, 40(8):2490-2496(in Chinese).
[17] Meyer C, Kowal M, Doncker R W. Circuit breaker concepts for future high-power DC-application[C]. Fourtieth IAS Annual Meeting. Conference Record of the 2005 Industry Applications Conference. Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, 2005:860-866.
[18] Meyer C, Doncker R W. Solid-state circuit breaker based on active thyristor topologies[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2006, 21(2):450-458.
[19] Dupraz J P, Montillet G F. New network concepts using electronic hybrid circuit breakers[C]. 2008 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition,IEEE. Chicago, IL, USA, 2008:1-8.
[2]汤广福,罗湘,魏晓光.多端直流输电与直流电网技术[J].中国电机工程学报, 2013, 33(10):8-17.Tang Guangfu, Luo Xiang, Wei Xiaoguang. Multi-terminal HVDC and DC-grid technology[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013, 33(10):8-17(in Chinese).
[3]石绍磊,李彬彬,张毅,等.模块化多电平型高压DC/DC变换器的研究[J].电源学报, 2015, 13(6):110-116.Shi Shaolei, Li Binbin, Zhang Yi, et al. Research on modular multilevel high voltage DC/DC converter[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2015, 13(6):110-116(in Chinese).
[4]徐延明,赵成勇,周飞,等.适用于电路仿真的IGBT模块暂态模型研究[J].电源学报, 2016, 14(3):28-37.Xu Yanming, Zhao Chengyong, Zhou Fei, et al. Research on IGBT module transient model for circuit simulation[J].Journal of Power Supply, 2016, 14(3):28-37(in Chinese).
[5]董京,刘兆辉,蒋超.模块化多电平柔性直流输电新型控制策略[J].电力系统及其自动化学报. 2017, 29(2):129-134.D ong Jing, Liu Zhaohui, Jiang Chao. Novel MMC-HVDC control strategy[J]. Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA, 2017, 29(2):129-134(in Chinese).
[6]刘盼盼,荆龙,刘京斗,等. MMC-MTDC输电系统新型直流电压斜率控制策略[J].电测与仪表, 2016, 53(6):1-7.Liu Panpan, Jing Long, Liu Jingdou, et al. A novel DC voltage slope control strategy for MMC-MTDC transmission system[J]. Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation, 2016,53(6):1-7(in Chinese).
[7]辛业春,李国庆,王朝斌,等.基于状态反馈解耦控制的MMC-HVDC系统控制策略研究[J].电测与仪表, 2015, 52(20):65-70.Xin Yechun, Li Guoqing, Wang Chaobin, et al. MMCHVDC system control strategy study based on state feedback decoupling control[J]. Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation, 2015, 52(20):65-70(in Chinese).
[8]赵成勇,陈晓芳,曹春刚,等.模块化多电平换流器HVDC直流侧故障控制保护策略[J].电力系统自动化, 2011, 35(23):82-87.Zhao Chengyong, Chen Xiaofang, Cao Chungang, et al.Control and protection strategies for MMC-HVDC under DC faults[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2011,35(23):82-87(in Chinese).
[9] Hafner J, Jacobson B. Proactive hybrid HVDC breakers-a key innovation for reliable HVDC grids[C]. Integrating Supergrids and Microgrids International Symposium. Bologna,Italy, 2011:1-9.
[10] Alstom. Alstom confirms research findings, done with RTE,in high-voltage DC circuit-breaker technology[EB/OL].(2014-01-24). http://www.alstom.com/press-centre/2014/1/alstom-confirms-research-findings-done-with-rte-in-highvoltage-dc-circuit-breaker-technology/.
[11]北极星智能电网在线.世界首台200千伏高压直流断路器研制获得成功[EB/OL].(2015-01-07).http://www.chinasmartgrid.com.cn/news/20150107/579717.shtml.
[12]王晨,庄劲武,张晓锋,等.新型混合型限流断路器分析及试验[J].电力系统自动化, 2013, 34(15):60-65.Wang Chen, Zhuang Jinwu, Zhang Xiaofeng, et al. Analysis and test novel hybrid current-limiting circuit breakers[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2013, 34(15):60-65(in Chinese).
[13]江道灼,张弛,郑欢,等.一种限流式混合直流断路器方案[J].电力系统自动化, 2014, 38(4):65-71.Jiang Daozhuo, Zhang Chi, Zheng Huan, et al. A scheme for current-limiting hybrid DC circuit breaker[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2014, 38(4):65-71(in Chinese).
[14]王姗姗,周孝信,汤广福,等.模块化多电平换流器HVDC直流双极短路子模块过电流分析[J].中国电机工程学报, 2011, 31(1):1-7.Wang Shanshan, Zhou Xiaoxin, Tang Guangfu, et al. Analysis of submodule overcurrent caused by DC pole-to-pole fault in modular multilevel converter HVDC system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE, 2011, 31(1):1-7(in Chinese).
[15]吴方劼,马玉龙,梅念,等.舟山多端柔性直流输电工程主接线方案设计[J].电网技术, 2014, 38(10):2651-2657.Wu Fangjie, Ma Yulong, Mei Nian, et al. Design of main connection scheme for Zhoushan flexible multi-terminal HVDC transmission project[J]. Power System Technology,2014, 38(10):2651-2657(in Chinese).
[16]李亚男,蒋维勇,余世峰,等.舟山多端柔性直流输电工程系统设计[J].高电压技术, 2014, 40(8):2490-2496.Li Yanan, Jiang Weiyong, Yu Shifeng, et al. System design of Zhoushan multi-terminal VSC-HVDC transmission project[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2014, 40(8):2490-2496(in Chinese).
[17] Meyer C, Kowal M, Doncker R W. Circuit breaker concepts for future high-power DC-application[C]. Fourtieth IAS Annual Meeting. Conference Record of the 2005 Industry Applications Conference. Kowloon, Hong Kong, China, 2005:860-866.
[18] Meyer C, Doncker R W. Solid-state circuit breaker based on active thyristor topologies[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2006, 21(2):450-458.
[19] Dupraz J P, Montillet G F. New network concepts using electronic hybrid circuit breakers[C]. 2008 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition,IEEE. Chicago, IL, USA, 2008:1-8.