单子叶植物核DNA含量地理纬度变异式样及其与气候因素关系
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摘要
从"植物DNA C-值数据库"检索到2 852种单子叶植物的核DNA含量数据,沿经度方向均分为10条样带,每条样带沿纬度又均分成19个样块.从"世界气候数据网站"下载的19个生物气候因子数据,应用Arc GIS 9.3获得每个样块生物气候因子的平均值.根据"全球生物多样性信息网站"记录,计算每个样块的单子叶植物的平均核DNA含量.分析了最冷季度平均温度和最干季度雨量对单子叶植物核DNA含量的影响.应用分位数回归分析了核DNA含量不同的单子叶植物在全球范围的纬度梯度变化特点,以及气候适应性的差异.结果发现:单子叶植物的核DNA含量沿着纬度呈现非线性的规律变化;受气候因素影响,在中等温度和雨量环境下其核DNA含量最高,温度和水分趋向极端的环境下其核DNA含量较低,可以用"单峰"函数拟合;核DNA含量低的类群具有更广泛的全球分布.
We conducted a research on the relationships of nuclear DNA with latitudes and climatic factors based on data of monocotyledons. Firstly,we obtained the data of nuclear DNA contents of 2 852 species of monocotyledons from the Plant DNA C-value database. And we selected ten global longitudinal transects,and evenly divided each transect into 19 blocks. We obtained geographical records of the 2 852 species from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility,together with nineteen bio-climatic factors within these blocks from the Worldclim( Global Climate Database). We calculated the average DNA 1 C-values andgenome sizes of each species in each block. Further,we analysed the influences of temperature of the coldest quarter and rainfall of driest quarter on nuclear DNA contents of monocotyledon species. And the results showed that the latitudinal variation patterns of monocotyledon nuclear DNA contents on a global scale were nonlinear on the transect 1 to 10 over the world,which is influenced by the temperature of the coldest quarter and rainfall of driest quarter,and these relationships can be described nonlinear.The results showed that:on the global scale plant nuclear DNA contents varied nonlinearly with latitude;the values were affected by climatic factors,which were highest in the regions with moderate temperature and rainfall,and decreased in the environment of extreme temperature and rainfall,the relationships between plant nuclear DNA values and climatic factors also being nonlinear,following ″unimodal″ functions;the groups with lower nuclear DNA values distributed widely on the global scale.
We conducted a research on the relationships of nuclear DNA with latitudes and climatic factors based on data of monocotyledons. Firstly,we obtained the data of nuclear DNA contents of 2 852 species of monocotyledons from the Plant DNA C-value database. And we selected ten global longitudinal transects,and evenly divided each transect into 19 blocks. We obtained geographical records of the 2 852 species from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility,together with nineteen bio-climatic factors within these blocks from the Worldclim( Global Climate Database). We calculated the average DNA 1 C-values andgenome sizes of each species in each block. Further,we analysed the influences of temperature of the coldest quarter and rainfall of driest quarter on nuclear DNA contents of monocotyledon species. And the results showed that the latitudinal variation patterns of monocotyledon nuclear DNA contents on a global scale were nonlinear on the transect 1 to 10 over the world,which is influenced by the temperature of the coldest quarter and rainfall of driest quarter,and these relationships can be described nonlinear.The results showed that:on the global scale plant nuclear DNA contents varied nonlinearly with latitude;the values were affected by climatic factors,which were highest in the regions with moderate temperature and rainfall,and decreased in the environment of extreme temperature and rainfall,the relationships between plant nuclear DNA values and climatic factors also being nonlinear,following ″unimodal″ functions;the groups with lower nuclear DNA values distributed widely on the global scale.
引文
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[13]Li D D,Lu Y L,Guo S L,et al.Nuclear DNA contents of Echinchloa crus-galli and its Gaussian relationships with environments[J].Acta Oecologica,2017,79:36-47.
[14]Rayburn A L,Auger J A.Genome size variation in Zea mays ssp.mays adapted to different altitudes[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,1990,79(4):470-474.
[15]Bennett M D,Leitch I J.Angiosperm DNA C-values database[DB/OL].2017-10-30,http://www.kew.org/cvalues/.
[16]Bennett M D.Plant genome values:How much do we know?[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,1998,95(5):2011-2016.
[17]Bennett M D.DNA amount,latitude,and crop plant distribution[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,1976,16(2/3):93-108.
[18]Stebbins G L.Chromosomal variation and evolution[J].Science,1966,152(3728):1463-1469.
[19]Grime J P,Mowforth M A.Variation in genome size-an ecological interpretation[J].Nature,1982,299:151-153.
[20]Vidic T,Greilhuber J,Vilhar B,et al.Selective significance of genome size in a plant community with heavy metal pollution[J].Ecological Applications,2009,19(6):1515-1521.
[2]倪丽萍,郭水良.论DNA C-值与植物入侵性的关系[J].生态学报,2005,25(9):2372-2381.Ni L P,Guo S L.Review on relationship between invasiveness of plants and their DNA C-value[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2005,25(9):2372-2381.
[3]郭水良,陈国奇,毛俐慧.DNA C-值与被子植物入侵性关系的数据统计分析[J].生态学报,2008,28(8):3698-3705.Guo S L,Chen G Q,Mao L H.Relationship between DNA C-value and invasiveness in 539 angiosperm species in China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2008,28(8):3698-3705.
[4]付改兰,冯玉龙.外来入侵植物和本地植物核DNA C-值的比较及其与入侵性的关系[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(10):1590-1594.Fu G L,Feng Y L.Nuclear DNA C-value of alien invasive and native plants and its relationship with invasiveness[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2007,26(10):1590-1594.
[5]郭水良,于晶,李丹丹,等.长三角及邻近地区138种草本植物DNA C-值测定及其生物学意义[J].生态学报,2015,35(19):6516-6529.Guo S L,Yu J,Li D D,et al.DNA C-values of 138 herbaceous species and their biological significance[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(19):6516-6529.
[6]Levin D A,Funderburg S W.Genome size in angiosperms:Temperate versus tropical species[J].The American Naturalist,1979,114(6):784-795.
[7]Grime J P,Mowforth M A.Variation in genome size-an ecological interpretation[J].Nature,1982,299(5879):151-153.
[8]Razafinarivo N J,Rakotomalala J J,Brown S C,et al.Geographical gradients in the genome size variation of wild coffee trees(Coffea)native to Africa and Indian Ocean islands[J].Tree Genetics and Genomes,2012,8(6):1345-1358.
[9]Bottini M C J,Greizerstein E J,Aulicino M B,et al.Relationships among genome size,environmental conditions and geographical distribution in natural populations of NW Patagonian species of Berberis L.(Berberidaceae)[J].Annals of Botany,2000,86(3):565-573.
[10]Teoh S B,Rees H.Nuclear DNA amounts in populations of Picea and Pinus species[J].Heredity,1976,36(1):123-137.
[11]Creber H M C,Davies M S,Francis D,et al.Variation in DNA C value in natural populations of Dactylis glomerata L.[J].New Phytologist,1994,128(3):555-561.
[12]Knight C A,Ackerly D D.Variation in nuclear DNA content across environmental gradients:A quantile regression analysis[J].Ecology Letters,2002,5(1):66-76.
[13]Li D D,Lu Y L,Guo S L,et al.Nuclear DNA contents of Echinchloa crus-galli and its Gaussian relationships with environments[J].Acta Oecologica,2017,79:36-47.
[14]Rayburn A L,Auger J A.Genome size variation in Zea mays ssp.mays adapted to different altitudes[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,1990,79(4):470-474.
[15]Bennett M D,Leitch I J.Angiosperm DNA C-values database[DB/OL].2017-10-30,http://www.kew.org/cvalues/.
[16]Bennett M D.Plant genome values:How much do we know?[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,1998,95(5):2011-2016.
[17]Bennett M D.DNA amount,latitude,and crop plant distribution[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,1976,16(2/3):93-108.
[18]Stebbins G L.Chromosomal variation and evolution[J].Science,1966,152(3728):1463-1469.
[19]Grime J P,Mowforth M A.Variation in genome size-an ecological interpretation[J].Nature,1982,299:151-153.
[20]Vidic T,Greilhuber J,Vilhar B,et al.Selective significance of genome size in a plant community with heavy metal pollution[J].Ecological Applications,2009,19(6):1515-1521.