多普勒天气雷达有源干扰回波识别算法研究
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摘要
本文首先对多普勒天气雷达有源干扰回波形成的原因进行了分析,进一步分析了不同类型有源干扰回波的PPI图像形态特征。提出反射率因子径向能量以及径向能量一阶差分的概念,并使用径向能量一阶差分识别有源干扰回波所在的方位。算法针对北京、长沙、汕头、岳阳等多个地(市)的雷达数据进行了试验,结果表明该算法对于各种形态的有源干扰回波,均能准确识别其所在方位。特别是当多处干扰回波同时存在,以及干扰回波与降水回波混合存在时,算法也能有效进行识别并滤除有源干扰回波,较完整保留降水回波。
In this paper, the reasons of the active jamming echo formation from the Doppler weather radar,and the morphological characteristics of PPI images from different types of active jamming echoes are analyzed. The concepts of radial energy of reflectivity factor and the first-order difference of radial energy are put forward, and the azimuth of active disturbance echo is identified by using the first-order difference of radial energy. Algorithm for the radar data from several cities such as Beijing, Changsha, Shantou, Yueyang is tested. The results show that the algorithm for various forms of active jamming echoes can accurately identify their locations. Especially when multiple locations interference echoes appear at the same time and interference echo coexists with precipitation echo, the algorithm is still able to identify and filter active jamming echo, retaining the whole precipitation echo.
In this paper, the reasons of the active jamming echo formation from the Doppler weather radar,and the morphological characteristics of PPI images from different types of active jamming echoes are analyzed. The concepts of radial energy of reflectivity factor and the first-order difference of radial energy are put forward, and the azimuth of active disturbance echo is identified by using the first-order difference of radial energy. Algorithm for the radar data from several cities such as Beijing, Changsha, Shantou, Yueyang is tested. The results show that the algorithm for various forms of active jamming echoes can accurately identify their locations. Especially when multiple locations interference echoes appear at the same time and interference echo coexists with precipitation echo, the algorithm is still able to identify and filter active jamming echo, retaining the whole precipitation echo.
引文
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东高红,何群英,刘一玮,等,2011.海风锋在渤海西岸局地暴雨过程中的作用[J].气象,37(9):1100-1107. Dong G H,He Q Y,Liu Y W,et al,2011. The role of sea breeze front in local storm of Bohai Coast[J]. Meteor Mon,37(9):1100-1107(in Chinese).
方琳,俞小鼎,朱文剑,等,2015. 2013年3月20日湖南和广东雷暴大风过程的特征分析[J].气象,41(11):1305-1314. Fang C,Yu X D.Zhu W J,et al,2015. Characteristics of the thunderstorm gale process in Hunan and Guangdong on 20 March 2013[J].Meteor Mon,41(11):1305-1314(in Chinese).
何炳伟,胡振菊,高伟,等,2018.常德多普勒天气雷达强雹暴三体散射统计分析[J].气象,44(3):455-462. He B W,Hu Z J,Gao W,et al,2018. Statistical analysis about severe hailstorm TBSS in Changde Doppler weather radar[J]. Meteor Mon, 44(3):455-462(in Chinese).
胡文东,杨侃,黄小玉,等,2015.一次阵风锋触发强对流过程雷达资料特征分析[J].高原气象,34(5):1452-1464. Hu W D,Yang K,Huang X Y,et al,2015. Analysis on a severe convection triggered by gust front in Yinchuan with radar data[J]. Plateau Meteor,34(5):1452-1464(in Chinese).
黄小玉,陈媛,顾松山,等,2006.湖南地区暴雨的分类及回波特征分析[J].南京气象学院学报,29(5):635-643. Huang X Y,Chen Y,Gu S S,et al,2006. Classification and radar echo features of rain-storms in Hunan[J]. J Nanjing Institute Meteo,29(5):635-643(in Chinese).
黄小玉,陈媛,熊毅,等,2009.基于漂移克里金融合雷达、雨量计定量估测降水研究[J].气象学报,67(2):288-297. Huang X Y,Chen Y, Xiong Y,et al,2009, Quantitative precipitation estimation merging radar and rain gauge data based on Kriging with external drift(KED)[J]. Acta Meteor Sin, 67(2):288-297(in Chinese).
黄小玉,顾松山,周雨华,等,2005.岳阳市特大暴雨雷达产品分析及预报服务[J].气象,31(3):73-76. Huang X Y,Gu S S,Zhou Y H,et al,2005. Analysis and forecast service of a heavy rainfall with radar products in Yueyang,Hunan Province[J]. Meteor Mon,31(3):73-76(in Chinese).
黄小玉,黎祖贤,李超,2008. 2008年湖南极端冰冻特大灾害天气成因分析[J].气象,34(11):47-53. Huang X Y,Li Z X,Li C,2008. Analysis on extreme freeze catastrophic weather of Hunan in 2008[J]. Meteor Mon,34(11):47-53(in Chinese).
李柏,周玉淑,张沛源,2007.新一代天气雷达资料在2003年江淮流域暴雨模拟中的初步应用:模拟降水和风场的对比[J].大气科学,31(5):826-838. Li B,Zhou Y S,Zhang P Y,2007. Application of the China new generation weather radar data to the torrential rain simulation over the Yangtze River-Huaihe River Basin in 2003:contrast of precipitation and wind[J]. Chin J Atmos Sci,31(5):826-838(in Chinese).
李佰平,戴建华,张欣,等,2016.三类强对流天气临近预报的模糊检验试验与对比[J].气象,42(2):129-143. Li B P,Dai J H,Zhang X,et al,2016. Fuzzy verification test and comparison of three types of severe convective weather nowcasting[J]. Meteor Mon,42(2):129-143(in Chinese).
李兆慧,王东海,麦雪湖,等,2017. 2015年10月4日佛山龙卷过程的观测分析[J].气象学报,75(2):288-313.Li Z H,Wang D H,Mai X H,et al,2017. Observations of the tornado occurred at Foshan on 4 October 2015[J]. Acta Meteor Sinica,75(2):288-313(in Chinese).
刘黎平,王致君,1996.双线偏振雷达探测的云和地物回波的特性及其识别方法[J].高原气象,15(3):303-310. Liu L P,Wang Z J,1996. The properties of cloud and clutter echoes measured by dual linear polarization radar and discrimination[J]. Plateau Meteor, 15(3):303-310(in Chinese).
刘黎平,吴林林,杨引明,2007.基于模糊逻辑的分步式超折射地物回波识别方法的建立和效果分析[J].气象学报,65(2):252-260.Liu L P,Wu L L, Yang Y M,2007. Development of fuzzy-logical two-step ground clutter detection algorithm[J]. Acta Meteor Sin,65(2):252-260(in Chinese).
刘晓阳.杨洪平,李建通,等,2010.新一代天气雷达定量降水估测集成系统[J].气象,36(4):90-95. Liu X Y,Yang H P,Li J T,et al,2010. CINRAD radar quantitative precipitation estimationgroup system[J]. Meteor Mon,36(4):90-95(in Chinese).
毛紫阳,2006.基于支持向量机的天气雷达反射率基数据质量控制技术研究[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学.Mao Z Y,2006. A technique to quality control CINRAD reflectivity data based on support vector machine[D]. Changsha:College of Science and Technology of National Defense University(in Chinese).
毛紫阳,段崇雯,成礼智,等,2006.模糊特征在天气雷达反射率基数据质量控制中的应用[J].模糊系统与数学,20(6):136-142.Mao Z Y,Duan C W,Cheng L Z,et al,2006. The application of fuzzy feature in technique to quality control CINRAD reflectivity data[J]. Fuzzy Sys Math,20(6):136-142(in Chinese).
沈杭锋,张红蕾,高天赤,等,2016.浙江盛夏一次强对流天气的特征及其成因分析[J].气象,42(9):1105-1113.Shen H F,Zhang H L,Gao T C,et al,2016. Study on features and formation of one severe convection process during midsummer in Zhejiang Province[J]. Meteor Mon,42(9):1105-1113(in Chinese).
魏东,孙继松,雷蕾,等,2011.三种探空资料在各类强对流天气中的应用对比分析[J].气象,37(4):412-422. Wei D,Sun J S,Lei L,et al,2011. Comparative analysis of three kinds of sounding data in the application of the severe convective weather[J]. Meteor Mon,37(4):412-422(in Chinese).
吴涛,张家国,牛奔,2017.一次强降水过程涡旋状MCS结构特征及成因初步分析[J].气象,43(5):540-551.Wu T,Zhang J G,Niu B, 2017. Preliminary analysis of structure characteristics and causes for heavy rain producing vortex shaped MCS[J]. Meteor Mon,43(5):540-551(in Chinese).
俞小鼎,郑媛媛,廖玉芳,2008.一次伴随强烈龙卷的强降水超级单体风暴研究[J].大气科学,32(3):508-522. Yu X D,Zheng Y Y,Liao Y F,2008. Observational investigation of a tornadic heavy precipitation supercell storm[J]. Chin J Atmos Sci,32(3):508-522(in Chinese).
张琳娜,冉令坤,李娜,等,2018.雷暴大风过程中对流层中低层动量通量和动能通量输送特征研究[J].大气科学,42(1):178-191.Zhang L N,Ran L K,Li N,et al,2018. Analysis of momentum flux and kinetic energy flux transport in the middle and lower troposphere during a thunderstorm event[J]. Chin J Atmos Sci,42(1):178-191(in Chinese).
张文祥,李进华,2007.雷达同频干扰现象分析研究[J].火控雷达技术,36(2):50-53. Zhang W X,Li J H,2007. Analysis and study on radar shared frequency interference phenomenon[J]. Fire Contr Radar Tech,36(2):50-53(in Chinese).
张亚萍,程明虎,夏文梅,等,2007.天气雷达回波运动场估测及在降水临近预报中的应用[J].气象学报,64(5):631-646. Zhang Y P,Cheng M H,Xia W M,et al,2007. Estimation of weather radar echo motion field and its application to precipitation nowcasting[J]. Acta Meteor Sin,64(5):631-646(in Chinese).
赵思雄,孙建华,鲁蓉,等,2018.“7·20”华北和北京大暴雨过程的分析[J].气象,44(3):351-360. Zhao S X,Sun J H,Lu R,et al,2018. Analysis of the 20 July 2016 unusual heavy rainfall inNorth China and Beijing[J]. Meteor Mon, 44(3):351-360(in Chinese).
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