基于NSCT-DWT-SVD的强鲁棒多重数字水印算法
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摘要
目的提出基于NSCT-DWT-SVD结合的复合数字水印算法,实现水印信息的隐蔽嵌入,提高水印的鲁棒性。方法首先对水印信息进行Arnold置乱,对载体图像进行NSCT变换,将产生的与原载体图像大小相同的低频子带进行小波变换,后对小波变换的低频部分进行SVD分解,确定嵌入强度后将水印信息叠加到奇异值矩阵中,实现水印的嵌入。结果经仿真实验发现,该算法在保证水印嵌入信息量的前提下,满足了水印信息的隐蔽性,PSNR值达到30 d B以上,NC值达到了1,同时该算法对压缩、滤波、剪切攻击的鲁棒性较强,NC值均达到0.92以上,抵抗旋转攻击时仍能提取出较清晰的水印图像。结论该算法满足了数字水印技术要求的隐蔽性和稳健性,并且可以对数字产品起到版权保护的作用。
This paper aims to propose a complex digital watermarking algorithm based on NSCT-DWT-SVD so as to achieve the concealed embedding of watermark information and improve the robustness of the watermark. First, Arnold scrambling was carried out for watermark information. NSCT was carried out for carrier images and then WT(wavelet transform) was conducted for the produced frequency sub-bands with the same size of original carrier image. Second, SVD decomposition was made for the low-frequency part after WT. After the strength of embedding was determined, w atermark information was superimposed on the singular value matrix to achieve the watermark embedding. According to the simulation experiment, the algorithm met the concealment of watermark information while guaranteeing the amount of watermark information embedding. PSNR value reached over 30 d B and NC value at 1. Meanwhile, the algorithm had stronger robust against compression, filtering and cropping attack. NC value reached over 0.92. The algorithm still e xtracted clearer watermark images against spin attack. In conclusion, the algorithm meets the requir ements of digital watermarking technology for the invisibility and robustness. It can play a role of copyright protection in the digital products.
This paper aims to propose a complex digital watermarking algorithm based on NSCT-DWT-SVD so as to achieve the concealed embedding of watermark information and improve the robustness of the watermark. First, Arnold scrambling was carried out for watermark information. NSCT was carried out for carrier images and then WT(wavelet transform) was conducted for the produced frequency sub-bands with the same size of original carrier image. Second, SVD decomposition was made for the low-frequency part after WT. After the strength of embedding was determined, w atermark information was superimposed on the singular value matrix to achieve the watermark embedding. According to the simulation experiment, the algorithm met the concealment of watermark information while guaranteeing the amount of watermark information embedding. PSNR value reached over 30 d B and NC value at 1. Meanwhile, the algorithm had stronger robust against compression, filtering and cropping attack. NC value reached over 0.92. The algorithm still e xtracted clearer watermark images against spin attack. In conclusion, the algorithm meets the requir ements of digital watermarking technology for the invisibility and robustness. It can play a role of copyright protection in the digital products.
引文
[1]张雷洪,唐波,李碧程,等.基于DWT-SVD的强鲁棒全息水印算法研究[J].包装工程,2013,34(21):105-109.ZHANG Lei-hong,TANG Bo,LI Bi-cheng,et al.The Research of Strong Robustness Holographic Watermarking Algorithm Based on DWT-SVD[J].Packaging Engineering,2013,34(21):105-109.
[2]褚静,徐安成,张美凤.DWT和SVD相融合的彩色图像水印算法[J].电视技术,2013,37(17):29-32.CHU Jing,XU An-cheng,ZHANG Mei-feng.The Color Image Watermarking Algorithm Based on DWTand SVD[J].TV Technology,2013,37(17):29-32.
[3]李晨璐,孙刘杰.一种新的彩色图像变换域全息水印算法[J].包装工程,2013,34(9):84-88.LI Chen-lu,SUN Liu-jie.A New Holographic Watermarking Algorithm of Color Image Based on Transform Domain[J].Packaging Engineering,2013,34(9):84-88.
[4]周中原,孙刘杰,唐波,等.一种抗旋转的全息水印算法[J].包装工程,2013,34(19):95-100.ZHOU Zhong-yuan,SUN Liu-jie,TANG Bo,et al.AHolographic Watermarking Algorithm of Anti-rotation[J].Packaging Engineering,2013,34(19):95-100.
[5]陈伟琦,李倩.基于DWT-SVD的图像双零水印算法[J].计算机工程与科学,2014,36(10):1991-1996.CHEN Wei-qi,LI Qian.Double-zero Image Watermarking Algorithm Based on DWT-SVD[J].Computer Engineering and Science,2014,36(10):1991-1996.
[6]王晓红,许诗旸.基于W-SVD的强鲁棒性数字图像水印算法[J].包装工程,2012,33(21):113-119.WANG Xiao-hong,XU Shi-yang.Digital Image Watermarking Algorithm Robustness with Strong Robustness Based on W-SVD[J].Packaging Engineering,2012,33(21):113-119.
[7]邓小亚.小波变换和奇异值分解的鲁棒水印算法[J].激光杂志,2015,36(4):86-89.DENG Xiao-ya.Robust Watermarking Algorithm Based on Wavelet Transform and Singular Value Decomposition[J].Laser Magazine,2015,36(4):86-89.
[8]朱光,张军亮.基于SVD和小波包分解的自适应鲁棒水印算法[J].计算机应用研究,2013,30(4):1230-1233.ZHU Guang,ZHANG Jun-liang.Adaptive Robust Watermarking Algorithm Based on SVD and Wavelet Packet Decomposition[J].Application Research of Computers,2013,30(4):1230-1233.
[9]吴玲玲,张建伟,王克松.基于DWT和DCT域的盲水印算法[J].微计算机信息,2009(18):53-54.WU Ling-ling,ZHANG Jian-wei,WANG Ke-song.Blind Watermarking Algorithm Based on DWT and DCT Domain[J].Microcomputer Information,2009(18):53-54.
[10]邓文权,廖述剑.基于小波变换的图像水印技术[J].电视技术,2013,37(9):16-18.DENG Wen-quan,LIAO Shu-jian.Image Watermarking Technology Based on Wavelet Transform[J].TVTechnology,2013,37(9):16-18.
[11]赵玉青.一种自嵌入盲检测鲁棒数字水印算法[J].电子技术应用,2014,40(7):122-125.ZHAO Yu-qing.A Self-Embedding Robust Digital Watermarking Blind Detection Algorithm[J].Application of Electronic Technique,2014,40(7):122-125.
[12]李海燕.基于DCT和DWT域的数字水印算法[J].合肥学院学报,2009(3):37-39.LI Hai-yan.Digital Watermarking Algorithm Based on DCT and DWT Domain[J].Hefei University,2009(3):37-39.
[13]ZHOU J,CUNHA A,DO M.Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform:Construction and Application in Enhancement[C]//Processing of IEEE International Conference on Image Processing,Genoa,2005.
[14]CUNHA A,ZHOU J,DO M.The Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform:Theory,Design,and Applications[J].IEEE Trans Image Processing,2006,15(10):3089-3101.
[15]姚蕾,王玲,李燕.基于NSCT-SVD的多重数字水印算法[J].计算机工程,2014,40(7):106-113.YAO Lei,WANG Ling,LI Yan.Multiple Digital Watermarking Algorithm Based on NSCT-SVD[J].Computer Engineering,2014,40(7):106-113.
[16]马婷,黄健华,赵勇,等.基于非采样Contourlet变换和SVD的数字水印算法研究[J].云南民族大学学报,2011,20(4):305-309.MA Ting,HUANG Jian-hua,ZHAO Yong,et al.Research on Digital Watermarking Algorithm Based on Non-sampling Contourlet Transform and SVD[J].Journal of Yunnan University of Nationalities,2011,20(4):305-309.
[17]赵勇,熊顺清,袁莎,等.复合NSCT分解DCT变换和SVD分解的多重变换水印[J].计算机工程与应用,2013,49(20):167-170.ZHAO Yong,XIONG Shun-qing,YUAN Sha,et al.Multiple Watermarks of NSCT Complex Decomposition of DCT Transform and SVD Decomposition[J].Computer Engineering and Applications,2013,49(20):167-170.
[2]褚静,徐安成,张美凤.DWT和SVD相融合的彩色图像水印算法[J].电视技术,2013,37(17):29-32.CHU Jing,XU An-cheng,ZHANG Mei-feng.The Color Image Watermarking Algorithm Based on DWTand SVD[J].TV Technology,2013,37(17):29-32.
[3]李晨璐,孙刘杰.一种新的彩色图像变换域全息水印算法[J].包装工程,2013,34(9):84-88.LI Chen-lu,SUN Liu-jie.A New Holographic Watermarking Algorithm of Color Image Based on Transform Domain[J].Packaging Engineering,2013,34(9):84-88.
[4]周中原,孙刘杰,唐波,等.一种抗旋转的全息水印算法[J].包装工程,2013,34(19):95-100.ZHOU Zhong-yuan,SUN Liu-jie,TANG Bo,et al.AHolographic Watermarking Algorithm of Anti-rotation[J].Packaging Engineering,2013,34(19):95-100.
[5]陈伟琦,李倩.基于DWT-SVD的图像双零水印算法[J].计算机工程与科学,2014,36(10):1991-1996.CHEN Wei-qi,LI Qian.Double-zero Image Watermarking Algorithm Based on DWT-SVD[J].Computer Engineering and Science,2014,36(10):1991-1996.
[6]王晓红,许诗旸.基于W-SVD的强鲁棒性数字图像水印算法[J].包装工程,2012,33(21):113-119.WANG Xiao-hong,XU Shi-yang.Digital Image Watermarking Algorithm Robustness with Strong Robustness Based on W-SVD[J].Packaging Engineering,2012,33(21):113-119.
[7]邓小亚.小波变换和奇异值分解的鲁棒水印算法[J].激光杂志,2015,36(4):86-89.DENG Xiao-ya.Robust Watermarking Algorithm Based on Wavelet Transform and Singular Value Decomposition[J].Laser Magazine,2015,36(4):86-89.
[8]朱光,张军亮.基于SVD和小波包分解的自适应鲁棒水印算法[J].计算机应用研究,2013,30(4):1230-1233.ZHU Guang,ZHANG Jun-liang.Adaptive Robust Watermarking Algorithm Based on SVD and Wavelet Packet Decomposition[J].Application Research of Computers,2013,30(4):1230-1233.
[9]吴玲玲,张建伟,王克松.基于DWT和DCT域的盲水印算法[J].微计算机信息,2009(18):53-54.WU Ling-ling,ZHANG Jian-wei,WANG Ke-song.Blind Watermarking Algorithm Based on DWT and DCT Domain[J].Microcomputer Information,2009(18):53-54.
[10]邓文权,廖述剑.基于小波变换的图像水印技术[J].电视技术,2013,37(9):16-18.DENG Wen-quan,LIAO Shu-jian.Image Watermarking Technology Based on Wavelet Transform[J].TVTechnology,2013,37(9):16-18.
[11]赵玉青.一种自嵌入盲检测鲁棒数字水印算法[J].电子技术应用,2014,40(7):122-125.ZHAO Yu-qing.A Self-Embedding Robust Digital Watermarking Blind Detection Algorithm[J].Application of Electronic Technique,2014,40(7):122-125.
[12]李海燕.基于DCT和DWT域的数字水印算法[J].合肥学院学报,2009(3):37-39.LI Hai-yan.Digital Watermarking Algorithm Based on DCT and DWT Domain[J].Hefei University,2009(3):37-39.
[13]ZHOU J,CUNHA A,DO M.Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform:Construction and Application in Enhancement[C]//Processing of IEEE International Conference on Image Processing,Genoa,2005.
[14]CUNHA A,ZHOU J,DO M.The Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform:Theory,Design,and Applications[J].IEEE Trans Image Processing,2006,15(10):3089-3101.
[15]姚蕾,王玲,李燕.基于NSCT-SVD的多重数字水印算法[J].计算机工程,2014,40(7):106-113.YAO Lei,WANG Ling,LI Yan.Multiple Digital Watermarking Algorithm Based on NSCT-SVD[J].Computer Engineering,2014,40(7):106-113.
[16]马婷,黄健华,赵勇,等.基于非采样Contourlet变换和SVD的数字水印算法研究[J].云南民族大学学报,2011,20(4):305-309.MA Ting,HUANG Jian-hua,ZHAO Yong,et al.Research on Digital Watermarking Algorithm Based on Non-sampling Contourlet Transform and SVD[J].Journal of Yunnan University of Nationalities,2011,20(4):305-309.
[17]赵勇,熊顺清,袁莎,等.复合NSCT分解DCT变换和SVD分解的多重变换水印[J].计算机工程与应用,2013,49(20):167-170.ZHAO Yong,XIONG Shun-qing,YUAN Sha,et al.Multiple Watermarks of NSCT Complex Decomposition of DCT Transform and SVD Decomposition[J].Computer Engineering and Applications,2013,49(20):167-170.