FSH处理对猪颗粒细胞中类固醇合成酶基因的表达及其调控区组蛋白H3修饰的影响
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摘要
【目的】研究FSH处理对猪卵巢颗粒细胞类固醇合成酶、垂体激素受体、凋亡相关等基因表达的影响及此过程中组蛋白H3修饰的变化情况。【方法】首先,采集猪卵巢组织并用注射器抽取方法收集卵泡颗粒细胞,用含血清体系体外培养颗粒细胞至贴壁,血清饥饿16h后用终浓度5IU·mL~(-1)的FSH处理24h,并收集细胞。其次,提取细胞m RNA,采用qRT-PCR方法检测类固醇合成酶(STAR、CYP11A1、HSD3B和CYP19A1)、垂体激素受体(FSHR和LHR)、凋亡相关基因(XIAP和Fas L)m RNA的表达变化,最后,相同处理后固定细胞,采用染色质免疫沉淀结合q PCR(Ch IP-q PCR)方法检测类固醇合成酶基因STAR、CYP19A1和HSD3B上游转录调控区组蛋白H3修饰(H3K4me2、H3K4me3、H3K9ac和H3K14ac)状况。【结果】5IU·mL~(-1)的FSH处理引起类固醇合成酶基因STAR、CYP19A1和HSD3B分别为2倍(P<0.01)、2.8倍(P<0.01)和3.6倍(P<0.05)的显著上调,而CYP11A1表达水平没有显著变化;FSH处理对垂体激素受体FSHR、LHR和凋亡相关基因XIAP、Fas L影响不显著。在上调的三个类固醇合成酶基因中,HSD3B调控区组蛋白H3修饰变化最为显著,H3K4me2、H3K4me3、H3K9ac和H3K14ac结合分别有14.7倍(P<0.01)、13.6倍(P<0.01)、19.7(P<0.01)倍和2.5倍(P<0.05)的显著上调;STAR基因调控区的H3K9ac在处理后有11.1倍的显著下降(P<0.05);CYP19A基因调控区的H3K4me3和H3K9ac分别有0.5倍的上调(P<0.01)和10.4倍(P<0.01)的下降,其余组蛋白修饰在处理前后没有显著变化。【结论】FSH处理24h对颗粒细胞类固醇合成酶基因转录有显著上调作用,对其转录过程有H3组蛋白修饰参与,组蛋白修饰模式具有基因特异性。垂体激素受体和凋亡相关基因的应答可能需要FSH和其他因素的联合作用。
【Objective】The objective of this study was to explore whether FSH treatment affect expressions of genes including steroidogenic enzymes, pituitary hormone receptors and apoptosis related genes in porcine granulosa cells, and to detect the histone H3 modification on specific gene regulation regions involved in this process. 【Method】 Firstly, ovary granulosa cells were collected using syringe extraction method from porcine ovaries and cultured in media with serum until the cells attached. After 16 h of non-serum culture, granulosa cells were treated by 5 IU·mL~(-1) FSH for another 24 h culture and harvested for following experiment. Secondly, transcriptional expression changes of steroidogenic enzymes(STAR, CYP11 A1, HSD3 B and CYP19 A1), pituitary hormone receptors(FSHR and LHR) and apoptosis related genes(XIAP and Fas L) were detected using qRT-PCR method. Finally, histone H3 modification(H3 K4 me2, H3 K4 me3, H3 K9 ac and H3 K14 ac) status on regulatory regions of STAR, CYP19 A1 and HSD3 B genes were detected by Ch IP-q PCR.【Result】 Treatment of 5 IU·mL~(-1) FSH induced a significant upregulation of STAR, CYP19 A1 and HSD3 B genes with fold changes of 2(P<0.01), 2.8(P<0.0), and 3.6(P<0.05), respectively, but had no significant effect on CYP11 A1, pituitary hormone receptors FSHR, LHR and apoptosis related genes XIAP, Fas L. Among the three steroidogenic genes, the histone modifications of HSD3 B regulatory region were the most significant. The fold change of H3 K4 me2, H3 K4 me3, H3 K9 ac and H3 K14 ac was 14.7(P<0.01), 13.6(P<0.01), 19.7(P<0.01) and 2.5(P<0.05), respectively. H3 K9 ac on STAR gene regulation region decreased 11.1(P<0.01) times. H3 K4 me3 on CYP19 A regulation region increased 0.5(P<0.01) times while H3 K9 ac decreased 10.4(P<0.01) times. Other histone modification changes were not significant. 【Conclusion】24 h of FSH treatment enhanced the transcription levels of steroidogenic enzymes in pig granulosa cells. The up-regulation process involved H3 histone modifications in a gene-specific manner. Independent FSH treatment was not capable to induce significant effect on candidate pituitary hormone receptor and apoptosis related genes.
【Objective】The objective of this study was to explore whether FSH treatment affect expressions of genes including steroidogenic enzymes, pituitary hormone receptors and apoptosis related genes in porcine granulosa cells, and to detect the histone H3 modification on specific gene regulation regions involved in this process. 【Method】 Firstly, ovary granulosa cells were collected using syringe extraction method from porcine ovaries and cultured in media with serum until the cells attached. After 16 h of non-serum culture, granulosa cells were treated by 5 IU·mL~(-1) FSH for another 24 h culture and harvested for following experiment. Secondly, transcriptional expression changes of steroidogenic enzymes(STAR, CYP11 A1, HSD3 B and CYP19 A1), pituitary hormone receptors(FSHR and LHR) and apoptosis related genes(XIAP and Fas L) were detected using qRT-PCR method. Finally, histone H3 modification(H3 K4 me2, H3 K4 me3, H3 K9 ac and H3 K14 ac) status on regulatory regions of STAR, CYP19 A1 and HSD3 B genes were detected by Ch IP-q PCR.【Result】 Treatment of 5 IU·mL~(-1) FSH induced a significant upregulation of STAR, CYP19 A1 and HSD3 B genes with fold changes of 2(P<0.01), 2.8(P<0.0), and 3.6(P<0.05), respectively, but had no significant effect on CYP11 A1, pituitary hormone receptors FSHR, LHR and apoptosis related genes XIAP, Fas L. Among the three steroidogenic genes, the histone modifications of HSD3 B regulatory region were the most significant. The fold change of H3 K4 me2, H3 K4 me3, H3 K9 ac and H3 K14 ac was 14.7(P<0.01), 13.6(P<0.01), 19.7(P<0.01) and 2.5(P<0.05), respectively. H3 K9 ac on STAR gene regulation region decreased 11.1(P<0.01) times. H3 K4 me3 on CYP19 A regulation region increased 0.5(P<0.01) times while H3 K9 ac decreased 10.4(P<0.01) times. Other histone modification changes were not significant. 【Conclusion】24 h of FSH treatment enhanced the transcription levels of steroidogenic enzymes in pig granulosa cells. The up-regulation process involved H3 histone modifications in a gene-specific manner. Independent FSH treatment was not capable to induce significant effect on candidate pituitary hormone receptor and apoptosis related genes.
引文
[1]TURNER B M.Histone acetylation and an epigenetic code.Bioessays,2000,22(9):836-845.
[2]KOUZARIDES T.Histone methylation in transcriptional control.Current Opinion in Genetics&Development,2002,12(2):198-209.
[3]ROSSETTO D,AVVAKUMOV N,COTE J.Histone phosphorylation.Journal of the Dna Methylation Society,2012,7(10):1098-1108.
[4]QIN W,WOLF P,LIU N,LINK S,SMETS M,MASTRA F L,FORN,EACUTE I,PICHLER G,H RL D,FELLINGER K.DNA methylation requires a DNMT1 ubiquitin interacting motif(UIM)and histone ubiquitination.Cell Research,2015,25(8):911-929.
[5]MESSNER S,HOTTIGER M O.Histone ADP-ribosylation in DNA repair,replication and transcription.Trends in Cell Biology,2011,21(9):534.
[6]GOUGEON A.Dynamics of follicular growth in the human:a model from preliminary results.Human Reproduction,1986,1(2):81-87.
[7]HUNZICKERDUNN M,MAIZELS E T.FSH signaling pathways in immature granulosa cells that regulate target gene expression:Branching out from protein kinase A.Cellular Signalling,2006,18(9):1351-1359.
[8]ASAHARA S,SATO A,ALJONAID A A,MARUO T.Thyroid hormone synergizes with follicle stimulating hormone to inhibit apoptosis in porcine granulosa cells selectively from small follicles.Kobe Journal of Medical Sciences,2003,49(5-6):107-116.
[9]MAKRIGIANNAKIS A,COUKOS G,CHRISTOFIDOUSOLOMIDOU M,MONTAS S,COUTIFARIS C.Progesterone is an autocrine/paracrine regulator of human granulosa cell survival in vitro.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,2000,900(1):16-25.
[10]PAYNE A H,HALES D B.Overview of steroidogenic enzymes in the pathway from cholesterol to active steroid hormones.Endocrine Reviews,2005,25(6):947-970.
[11]CHRISTENSON L K,STOUFFER R L,RD S J.Quantitative analysis of the hormone-induced hyperacetylation of histone H3 associated with the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein gene promoter.Journal of Biological Chemistry,2001,276(29):27392-27399.
[12]RODGERS R J,RODGERS H F,WATERMAN M R,SIMPSON E R.Immunolocalization of cholesterol side-chain-cleavage cytochrome P-450 and ultrastructural studies of bovine corpora lutea.Journal of Reproduction&Fertility,1986,78(2):639-652.
[13]BELIN F,GOUDET G,DUCHAMP G,G RARD N.Intrafollicular concentrations of steroids and steroidogenic enzymes in relation to follicular development in the mare.Biology of Reproduction,2001,62(5):1335.
[14]LI H,CHEN Y,YAN L Y,QIAO J.Increased expression of P450scc and CYP17 in development of endogenous hyperandrogenism in a rat model of PCOS.Endocrine,2013,43(1):184-190.
[15]MURRAY A A,SWALES A K,SMITH R E,MOLINEK M D,HILLIER S G,SPEARS N.Follicular growth and oocyte competence in the in vitro cultured mouse follicle:effects of gonadotrophins and steroids.Molecular Human Reproduction,2008,14(2):75-83.
[16]KRISHANPAL K,KREBS A R,MUSTAPHA O A,HIROSHI K,LASZLO T.H3K9 and H3K14 acetylation co-occur at many gene regulatory elements,while H3K14ac marks a subset of inactive inducible promoters in mouse embryonic stem cells.Bmc Genomics,2012,13(1):424.
[17]KLEIN B J,SIMITHY J,WANG X,AHN J W,ANDREWS F H,YI Z,C T J,SHI X,GARCIA B A,KUTATELADZE T G.Recognition of Histone H3K14 Acylation by MORF.Structure,2017.
[18]LIVAK K J,SCHMITTGEN T D.Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T))Method.Methods,2001,25(4):402-408.
[19]HOWLES C M.Role of LH,FSH in ovarian function.Molecular&Cellular Endocrinology,2000,161(1-2):25-30.
[20]LIU Z,RUDD M D,HERNANDEZGONZALEZ I,GONZALEZROBAYNA I,FAN H Y,ZELEZNIK A J,RICHARDS J S.FSH and FOXO1regulate genes in the sterol/steroid and lipid biosynthetic pathways in granulosa cells.Molecular Endocrinology,2009.23(5):649-661.
[21]TILLY J L,LAPOLT P S,HSUEH A J.Hormonal regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor messenger ribonucleic acid levels in cultured rat granulosa cells.Endocrinology,1992,130(3):1296-1302.
[22]LU C,YANG W,CHEN M,LIU T,YANG J,TAN P,LI L,HU X,FAN C,HU Z.Inhibin A inhibits follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)action by suppressing its receptor expression in cultured rat granulosa cells.Molecular&Cellular Endocrinology,2009,298(1-2):48-56.
[23]WEI S,GONG Z,SHENG L,LIANG H,LAI L,DENG Y.Maturation rates of oocytes and levels of FSHR,LHR and Gn RHR of COCs response to FSH concentrations in IVM media for sheep.Journal of Applied Biomedicine,2017,15(3):180-186.
[24]LUO W,WILTBANK M C.Distinct Regulation by Steroids of Messenger RNAs for FSHR and CYP19A1 in Bovine Granulosa Cells.Biology of Reproduction,2006,75(2):217-225.
[25]ERICKSON G F,WANG C,HSUEH A J W.FSH induction of functional LH receptors in granulosa cells cultured in a chemically defined medium.Nature,1979,279(5711):336-338.
[26]WANG Y,RIPPSTEIN P U,TSANG B K.Role and gonadotrophic regulation of X.Biology of Reproduction,2003,68(2):610-619.
[27]WANG Y,ASSELIN E,TSANG B K,Involvement of transforming growth factorαin the regulation of rat ovarian x-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein expression and follicular growth by folliclestimulating hormone1.Biology of Reproduction,2002,66(6):1672-1680.
[28]LIN P,RUI R.Effects of follicular size and FSH on granulosa cell apoptosis and atresia in porcine antral follicles.Molecular Reproduction&Development,2010,77(8):670-678.
[29]ZHANG C,XIA G,TSANG B K.Interactions of thyroid hormone and FSH in the regulation of rat granulosa cell apoptosis.Frontiers in Bioscience,2011,3(4):1401-1413.
[30]LEE L,ASADA H,KIZUKA F,TAMURA I,MAEKAWA R,TAKETANI T,SATO S,YAMAGATA Y,TAMURA H,SUGINO N.Changes in histone modification and DNA methylation of the St AR and Cyp19a1 promoter regions in granulosa cells undergoing luteinization during ovulation in rats.Endocrinology,2013,154(1):458-470.
[31]DEMANNO D A,COTTOM J E,KLINE M P,PETERS C A,MAIZELS E T,HUNZICKERDUNN M.Follicle-stimulating hormone promotes histone H3 phosphorylation on serine-10.Molecular Endocrinology,1999,13(1):91-105.
[32]RIDDIHOUGH G.Deciphering the histone code.Science,2016,352(6286):668-670.
[2]KOUZARIDES T.Histone methylation in transcriptional control.Current Opinion in Genetics&Development,2002,12(2):198-209.
[3]ROSSETTO D,AVVAKUMOV N,COTE J.Histone phosphorylation.Journal of the Dna Methylation Society,2012,7(10):1098-1108.
[4]QIN W,WOLF P,LIU N,LINK S,SMETS M,MASTRA F L,FORN,EACUTE I,PICHLER G,H RL D,FELLINGER K.DNA methylation requires a DNMT1 ubiquitin interacting motif(UIM)and histone ubiquitination.Cell Research,2015,25(8):911-929.
[5]MESSNER S,HOTTIGER M O.Histone ADP-ribosylation in DNA repair,replication and transcription.Trends in Cell Biology,2011,21(9):534.
[6]GOUGEON A.Dynamics of follicular growth in the human:a model from preliminary results.Human Reproduction,1986,1(2):81-87.
[7]HUNZICKERDUNN M,MAIZELS E T.FSH signaling pathways in immature granulosa cells that regulate target gene expression:Branching out from protein kinase A.Cellular Signalling,2006,18(9):1351-1359.
[8]ASAHARA S,SATO A,ALJONAID A A,MARUO T.Thyroid hormone synergizes with follicle stimulating hormone to inhibit apoptosis in porcine granulosa cells selectively from small follicles.Kobe Journal of Medical Sciences,2003,49(5-6):107-116.
[9]MAKRIGIANNAKIS A,COUKOS G,CHRISTOFIDOUSOLOMIDOU M,MONTAS S,COUTIFARIS C.Progesterone is an autocrine/paracrine regulator of human granulosa cell survival in vitro.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,2000,900(1):16-25.
[10]PAYNE A H,HALES D B.Overview of steroidogenic enzymes in the pathway from cholesterol to active steroid hormones.Endocrine Reviews,2005,25(6):947-970.
[11]CHRISTENSON L K,STOUFFER R L,RD S J.Quantitative analysis of the hormone-induced hyperacetylation of histone H3 associated with the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein gene promoter.Journal of Biological Chemistry,2001,276(29):27392-27399.
[12]RODGERS R J,RODGERS H F,WATERMAN M R,SIMPSON E R.Immunolocalization of cholesterol side-chain-cleavage cytochrome P-450 and ultrastructural studies of bovine corpora lutea.Journal of Reproduction&Fertility,1986,78(2):639-652.
[13]BELIN F,GOUDET G,DUCHAMP G,G RARD N.Intrafollicular concentrations of steroids and steroidogenic enzymes in relation to follicular development in the mare.Biology of Reproduction,2001,62(5):1335.
[14]LI H,CHEN Y,YAN L Y,QIAO J.Increased expression of P450scc and CYP17 in development of endogenous hyperandrogenism in a rat model of PCOS.Endocrine,2013,43(1):184-190.
[15]MURRAY A A,SWALES A K,SMITH R E,MOLINEK M D,HILLIER S G,SPEARS N.Follicular growth and oocyte competence in the in vitro cultured mouse follicle:effects of gonadotrophins and steroids.Molecular Human Reproduction,2008,14(2):75-83.
[16]KRISHANPAL K,KREBS A R,MUSTAPHA O A,HIROSHI K,LASZLO T.H3K9 and H3K14 acetylation co-occur at many gene regulatory elements,while H3K14ac marks a subset of inactive inducible promoters in mouse embryonic stem cells.Bmc Genomics,2012,13(1):424.
[17]KLEIN B J,SIMITHY J,WANG X,AHN J W,ANDREWS F H,YI Z,C T J,SHI X,GARCIA B A,KUTATELADZE T G.Recognition of Histone H3K14 Acylation by MORF.Structure,2017.
[18]LIVAK K J,SCHMITTGEN T D.Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T))Method.Methods,2001,25(4):402-408.
[19]HOWLES C M.Role of LH,FSH in ovarian function.Molecular&Cellular Endocrinology,2000,161(1-2):25-30.
[20]LIU Z,RUDD M D,HERNANDEZGONZALEZ I,GONZALEZROBAYNA I,FAN H Y,ZELEZNIK A J,RICHARDS J S.FSH and FOXO1regulate genes in the sterol/steroid and lipid biosynthetic pathways in granulosa cells.Molecular Endocrinology,2009.23(5):649-661.
[21]TILLY J L,LAPOLT P S,HSUEH A J.Hormonal regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor messenger ribonucleic acid levels in cultured rat granulosa cells.Endocrinology,1992,130(3):1296-1302.
[22]LU C,YANG W,CHEN M,LIU T,YANG J,TAN P,LI L,HU X,FAN C,HU Z.Inhibin A inhibits follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)action by suppressing its receptor expression in cultured rat granulosa cells.Molecular&Cellular Endocrinology,2009,298(1-2):48-56.
[23]WEI S,GONG Z,SHENG L,LIANG H,LAI L,DENG Y.Maturation rates of oocytes and levels of FSHR,LHR and Gn RHR of COCs response to FSH concentrations in IVM media for sheep.Journal of Applied Biomedicine,2017,15(3):180-186.
[24]LUO W,WILTBANK M C.Distinct Regulation by Steroids of Messenger RNAs for FSHR and CYP19A1 in Bovine Granulosa Cells.Biology of Reproduction,2006,75(2):217-225.
[25]ERICKSON G F,WANG C,HSUEH A J W.FSH induction of functional LH receptors in granulosa cells cultured in a chemically defined medium.Nature,1979,279(5711):336-338.
[26]WANG Y,RIPPSTEIN P U,TSANG B K.Role and gonadotrophic regulation of X.Biology of Reproduction,2003,68(2):610-619.
[27]WANG Y,ASSELIN E,TSANG B K,Involvement of transforming growth factorαin the regulation of rat ovarian x-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein expression and follicular growth by folliclestimulating hormone1.Biology of Reproduction,2002,66(6):1672-1680.
[28]LIN P,RUI R.Effects of follicular size and FSH on granulosa cell apoptosis and atresia in porcine antral follicles.Molecular Reproduction&Development,2010,77(8):670-678.
[29]ZHANG C,XIA G,TSANG B K.Interactions of thyroid hormone and FSH in the regulation of rat granulosa cell apoptosis.Frontiers in Bioscience,2011,3(4):1401-1413.
[30]LEE L,ASADA H,KIZUKA F,TAMURA I,MAEKAWA R,TAKETANI T,SATO S,YAMAGATA Y,TAMURA H,SUGINO N.Changes in histone modification and DNA methylation of the St AR and Cyp19a1 promoter regions in granulosa cells undergoing luteinization during ovulation in rats.Endocrinology,2013,154(1):458-470.
[31]DEMANNO D A,COTTOM J E,KLINE M P,PETERS C A,MAIZELS E T,HUNZICKERDUNN M.Follicle-stimulating hormone promotes histone H3 phosphorylation on serine-10.Molecular Endocrinology,1999,13(1):91-105.
[32]RIDDIHOUGH G.Deciphering the histone code.Science,2016,352(6286):668-670.