Territorial suitability assessment and function zoning in the Jiuzhaigou earthquake-stricken area
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摘要
An earthquake in the Jiuzhaigou area caused numerous secondary disasters, such as rolling stones, land collapse, landslides and debris flow, which badly affected the safety of human settlements and influenced the spatial layout of the post-disaster reconstruction. Therefore, carrying out assessments of land and identifying a suitable zone for human habitats were very important. This research creates the territorial suitability assessment and function zoning conceptual model in the earthquake-stricken area, and the new methods of the territorial suitability evaluation system were used to divide the spatial functional zones of the earthquake stricken area, which provide a theoretical guidance and decisionmaking basis for the reconstruction of the disaster area. The results showed that:(1) The Jiuzhaigou earthquake-stricken area comprises of an ecological area that has a high level of importance to the ecosystem. In the earthquake-stricken area, 65% of national land is at an altitude of 3000-4000 m, and therefore not suitable for a high level of intensive reconstruction, but reconstructed in an eco-friendly manner.(2) The zone suitable for reconstruction comprises mainly of the river valley and the flat terrain of western parts. The land with low suitability is mainly located on steep terrain, such as highmountains and low gullies. The geographic and geomorphic conditions limit the spread of a suitable reconstruction zone.(3) The earthquake-stricken area mainly comprises of a tourism industry gathering area, population gathering area, agriculture and animal husbandry development area, and ecological preservation area with areas of 76 km~2, 44 km~2, 1591 km~2 and 7512 km~2, respectively. Scientifically zoning the reconstruction areas using scientific evaluation may provide guidance for the location of reconstruction sites.
An earthquake in the Jiuzhaigou area caused numerous secondary disasters, such as rolling stones, land collapse, landslides and debris flow, which badly affected the safety of human settlements and influenced the spatial layout of the post-disaster reconstruction. Therefore, carrying out assessments of land and identifying a suitable zone for human habitats were very important. This research creates the territorial suitability assessment and function zoning conceptual model in the earthquake-stricken area, and the new methods of the territorial suitability evaluation system were used to divide the spatial functional zones of the earthquake stricken area, which provide a theoretical guidance and decisionmaking basis for the reconstruction of the disaster area. The results showed that:(1) The Jiuzhaigou earthquake-stricken area comprises of an ecological area that has a high level of importance to the ecosystem. In the earthquake-stricken area, 65% of national land is at an altitude of 3000-4000 m, and therefore not suitable for a high level of intensive reconstruction, but reconstructed in an eco-friendly manner.(2) The zone suitable for reconstruction comprises mainly of the river valley and the flat terrain of western parts. The land with low suitability is mainly located on steep terrain, such as highmountains and low gullies. The geographic and geomorphic conditions limit the spread of a suitable reconstruction zone.(3) The earthquake-stricken area mainly comprises of a tourism industry gathering area, population gathering area, agriculture and animal husbandry development area, and ecological preservation area with areas of 76 km~2, 44 km~2, 1591 km~2 and 7512 km~2, respectively. Scientifically zoning the reconstruction areas using scientific evaluation may provide guidance for the location of reconstruction sites.
An earthquake in the Jiuzhaigou area caused numerous secondary disasters, such as rolling stones, land collapse, landslides and debris flow, which badly affected the safety of human settlements and influenced the spatial layout of the post-disaster reconstruction. Therefore, carrying out assessments of land and identifying a suitable zone for human habitats were very important. This research creates the territorial suitability assessment and function zoning conceptual model in the earthquake-stricken area, and the new methods of the territorial suitability evaluation system were used to divide the spatial functional zones of the earthquake stricken area, which provide a theoretical guidance and decisionmaking basis for the reconstruction of the disaster area. The results showed that:(1) The Jiuzhaigou earthquake-stricken area comprises of an ecological area that has a high level of importance to the ecosystem. In the earthquake-stricken area, 65% of national land is at an altitude of 3000-4000 m, and therefore not suitable for a high level of intensive reconstruction, but reconstructed in an eco-friendly manner.(2) The zone suitable for reconstruction comprises mainly of the river valley and the flat terrain of western parts. The land with low suitability is mainly located on steep terrain, such as highmountains and low gullies. The geographic and geomorphic conditions limit the spread of a suitable reconstruction zone.(3) The earthquake-stricken area mainly comprises of a tourism industry gathering area, population gathering area, agriculture and animal husbandry development area, and ecological preservation area with areas of 76 km~2, 44 km~2, 1591 km~2 and 7512 km~2, respectively. Scientifically zoning the reconstruction areas using scientific evaluation may provide guidance for the location of reconstruction sites.
引文
Anssi(2013)Regional Planning and the Mobilization of‘Regional Identity’:From Bounded Spaces to Relational Complexity.Regional Studies 47(8):1206-1219.
Bagdanavi?iūt?I,Valiūnas J(2013)GIS-based land suitability analysis integrating multi-criteria evaluation for the allocation of potential pollution sources.Environmental Earth Sciences 68(6):1797-1812.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-1869-7
Dwyer J(2011)UK land use futures:policy influence and challenges for the coming decades.Land use policy 28:674-683.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2010.12.002
Fahimeh M,Hossein K,Asieh S et al.(2017)Development of a land use suitability model for saffron(Crocus sativusL.)Cultivation by multi-criteria evaluation and spatial analysis.Ecological Engineering 106:140-153.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.05.050
Fan J(2007)The scientific foundation of major function oriented zoning in China.Acta Geo-graphica Sinica 62(4):339-350.
Fan J(2009)Reconstruction in The Wenchuan Earthquakestricken Area:Assessment of Resource Environmental Bearing capacity.Science Press,Beijing,China.
Feizizadeh B,Blaschke T(2013)Land suitability analysis for Tabriz County,Iran:amulti-criteria evaluation approach using GIS.Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 2012(1):1-23.https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2011.646964
Girvetz EH,Thorne JH,Berry A.M,et al.(2008)Integration of landscape fragmentation analysis into regional planning:a statewide multi-scale case study from California,USA.Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 86(3):205-218.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2008.02.007
Javadian M,Shamskooshki H,Momeni M(2011)Application of sustainable urban development in environmental suit-ability analysis of educational land use by using AHP and GIS in Tehran.Procedia Engineering 21:72-80.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.11.1989
Joan M,Joan P(2007)A Land Suitability Index for Strategic Environmental Assessment in metropolitan areas.Landscape and Urban Planning 81:200-212.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2006.11.005
Joerin F,Thériault M,Musy A(2001)Using GIS and outranking multicriteria analysis for land-use suitability assess-ment.International Journal of Geographical Information Science15(2):153-174.https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810051030487·Source:DBLP
Jin G,Deng XZ,Zhang Q,et al.(2017)Comprehensive function zoning of national land space for Wuhan metropolitan region.Geographical Research 36(03):541-552.
Liu YX,Peng J,Zhang T,et al.(2016)Assessing landscape ecorisk associated with hilly construction land exploitation in the southwest of China:Trade-off and adaptation.Ecological indicators 62:289-297.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.11.006
Liu QH,Liu YX,Peng J et al.(2018)Linking GRNN and neighborhood selection algorithm to assess land suitability in low-slope hilly areas.Ecological Indicators 93:581-590.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.05.008
Nian PH,Cai YM,Xie XZ,et al.(2014)Geographical Space Comprehensive Function Zoning in Hunan Province Based on Niche Theory.Resources Science 36(09):1985-1968.
Peng J,Du YY,Liu YX,et al.(2016 a)How to assess urban development potential in mountain areas?An approach of ecological carrying capacity in the view of coupled human and natural systems.Ecological Indicators 60:1017-1030.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.09.008
Peng J,Ma J,Du YY,et al.(2016 b)Ecological suitability evaluation for mountainous area development based on conceptual model of landscape structure,function,and dynamics.Ecological Indicators 61:500-511.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.10.002
Persson C(2013)Deliberation or doctrine land use and spatial planning for sustainable development in Swede.Land use policy 34:301-313.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2013.04.007
Rodriguez GL,Achkar M,Conde D(2012)Land suitability assessment in the Catchment Area of Four Southwestern Atlantic Coastal Lagoons:multicriteria and optimization modeling.Environmental Management 50(1):140-152.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9843-4
Rojas C,Pino J,Jaque E(2013)Strategic environmental assessment in Latin America:a methodological proposal for urban planning in the Metropolitan Area of Concepcion(Chile).Land Use Policy 30(1):519-527.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2012.04.018
Steiner F,McSherry L,Cohen J(2000)Land suitability analysis for the Upper Gila River Watershed.Landscape and Urban Planning 50(4):199-214.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(00)00093-1
Store R,Kangas J(2001)Integrating spatial multi-criteria evaluation and expert knowledge for GIS-based habitat suitability modelling.Landsc.Urban Plan 55(2):79-93.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(01)00120-7
Tang CC,Sun W(2012)Comprehensive evaluation of land spatial development suitability of the Yangtze River Basin.Acta Geographica Sinica 67(12):1587-1598.
Tao AJ(2011)The spatial pattern of territorial function distribution of China and the methodology of territorial function regionalization.PhD thesis,Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China.
Uy PD,Nakagoshi N(2008)Application of land suitability analysis and landscape ecology to urban green space planning in Hanoi,Vietnam.Urban Forestry&Urban Greening 7(1):25-40.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2007.09.002
Wu CJ,Hou F(1990)National Land Development Politics and Planning.Nanjing,China:Jiangsu Education Press.
Wu YJ,Yang YZ,Yang L,et al.(2016)Land spatial development and suitability for city construction based on ecologicalliving-industrial space-take Ningbo City as an example.Resources Science 38(11):2072-2081.
Yu LL,Cai YY(2016)Effects of national spatial planning to economic growth in key development areas:evidence from the planning of Wuhan urban agglomeration.China Population,Resources and Environment 26(9):101-109.
Yu ZL,Zhang WX,Liang JS,et al.(2015)Progress in evaluating suitability of spatial development and construction land.Progress in Geography 34(9):1107-1122.
Bagdanavi?iūt?I,Valiūnas J(2013)GIS-based land suitability analysis integrating multi-criteria evaluation for the allocation of potential pollution sources.Environmental Earth Sciences 68(6):1797-1812.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-1869-7
Dwyer J(2011)UK land use futures:policy influence and challenges for the coming decades.Land use policy 28:674-683.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2010.12.002
Fahimeh M,Hossein K,Asieh S et al.(2017)Development of a land use suitability model for saffron(Crocus sativusL.)Cultivation by multi-criteria evaluation and spatial analysis.Ecological Engineering 106:140-153.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.05.050
Fan J(2007)The scientific foundation of major function oriented zoning in China.Acta Geo-graphica Sinica 62(4):339-350.
Fan J(2009)Reconstruction in The Wenchuan Earthquakestricken Area:Assessment of Resource Environmental Bearing capacity.Science Press,Beijing,China.
Feizizadeh B,Blaschke T(2013)Land suitability analysis for Tabriz County,Iran:amulti-criteria evaluation approach using GIS.Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 2012(1):1-23.https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2011.646964
Girvetz EH,Thorne JH,Berry A.M,et al.(2008)Integration of landscape fragmentation analysis into regional planning:a statewide multi-scale case study from California,USA.Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 86(3):205-218.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2008.02.007
Javadian M,Shamskooshki H,Momeni M(2011)Application of sustainable urban development in environmental suit-ability analysis of educational land use by using AHP and GIS in Tehran.Procedia Engineering 21:72-80.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.11.1989
Joan M,Joan P(2007)A Land Suitability Index for Strategic Environmental Assessment in metropolitan areas.Landscape and Urban Planning 81:200-212.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2006.11.005
Joerin F,Thériault M,Musy A(2001)Using GIS and outranking multicriteria analysis for land-use suitability assess-ment.International Journal of Geographical Information Science15(2):153-174.https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810051030487·Source:DBLP
Jin G,Deng XZ,Zhang Q,et al.(2017)Comprehensive function zoning of national land space for Wuhan metropolitan region.Geographical Research 36(03):541-552.
Liu YX,Peng J,Zhang T,et al.(2016)Assessing landscape ecorisk associated with hilly construction land exploitation in the southwest of China:Trade-off and adaptation.Ecological indicators 62:289-297.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.11.006
Liu QH,Liu YX,Peng J et al.(2018)Linking GRNN and neighborhood selection algorithm to assess land suitability in low-slope hilly areas.Ecological Indicators 93:581-590.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.05.008
Nian PH,Cai YM,Xie XZ,et al.(2014)Geographical Space Comprehensive Function Zoning in Hunan Province Based on Niche Theory.Resources Science 36(09):1985-1968.
Peng J,Du YY,Liu YX,et al.(2016 a)How to assess urban development potential in mountain areas?An approach of ecological carrying capacity in the view of coupled human and natural systems.Ecological Indicators 60:1017-1030.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.09.008
Peng J,Ma J,Du YY,et al.(2016 b)Ecological suitability evaluation for mountainous area development based on conceptual model of landscape structure,function,and dynamics.Ecological Indicators 61:500-511.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.10.002
Persson C(2013)Deliberation or doctrine land use and spatial planning for sustainable development in Swede.Land use policy 34:301-313.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2013.04.007
Rodriguez GL,Achkar M,Conde D(2012)Land suitability assessment in the Catchment Area of Four Southwestern Atlantic Coastal Lagoons:multicriteria and optimization modeling.Environmental Management 50(1):140-152.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-012-9843-4
Rojas C,Pino J,Jaque E(2013)Strategic environmental assessment in Latin America:a methodological proposal for urban planning in the Metropolitan Area of Concepcion(Chile).Land Use Policy 30(1):519-527.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2012.04.018
Steiner F,McSherry L,Cohen J(2000)Land suitability analysis for the Upper Gila River Watershed.Landscape and Urban Planning 50(4):199-214.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(00)00093-1
Store R,Kangas J(2001)Integrating spatial multi-criteria evaluation and expert knowledge for GIS-based habitat suitability modelling.Landsc.Urban Plan 55(2):79-93.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(01)00120-7
Tang CC,Sun W(2012)Comprehensive evaluation of land spatial development suitability of the Yangtze River Basin.Acta Geographica Sinica 67(12):1587-1598.
Tao AJ(2011)The spatial pattern of territorial function distribution of China and the methodology of territorial function regionalization.PhD thesis,Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China.
Uy PD,Nakagoshi N(2008)Application of land suitability analysis and landscape ecology to urban green space planning in Hanoi,Vietnam.Urban Forestry&Urban Greening 7(1):25-40.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2007.09.002
Wu CJ,Hou F(1990)National Land Development Politics and Planning.Nanjing,China:Jiangsu Education Press.
Wu YJ,Yang YZ,Yang L,et al.(2016)Land spatial development and suitability for city construction based on ecologicalliving-industrial space-take Ningbo City as an example.Resources Science 38(11):2072-2081.
Yu LL,Cai YY(2016)Effects of national spatial planning to economic growth in key development areas:evidence from the planning of Wuhan urban agglomeration.China Population,Resources and Environment 26(9):101-109.
Yu ZL,Zhang WX,Liang JS,et al.(2015)Progress in evaluating suitability of spatial development and construction land.Progress in Geography 34(9):1107-1122.