珲春市农村居民点时空变化及驱动因素分析
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摘要
掌握不同地貌类型下农村居民点的空间特征,是合理安排农村居民点布局的基础。以珲春市为研究区,运用核密度估计、空间集聚性分析法,对珲春市农村居民点分布特征及其影响因素进行了分析。结果表明:(1)珲春市农村居民点呈现出以西南部为密集中心向四周放射性发散逐渐变为稀疏分布的空间特征。(2)珲春市大规模集聚的农村居民点向西南部集中趋势明显,密度高的农村居民点在空间上呈现大规模集聚特征,密度低的农村居民点在空间上通常表现为小规模集聚。(3)农村居民点的低高程、低坡度指向性,靠近河流、靠近道路分布的空间特征并没有大的变化,但是行政驻地对农村居民点的吸引聚集特征有所显现。
The aim of this study is to determine the spatial characteristics of rural settlements under different geomorphology, which is the basis for the appropriate establishment of rural settlements. Our study area is Hunchun city in the Jilin province. We analyze the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of rural settlements in Hunchun city by kernel density estimation and spatial agglomeration analysis. The results show that,(1) the rural settlements in Hunchun city spatially show a feature of gradually becoming sparsely distributed, with the center of concentration in the southwest,(2)the large-scale concentration of rural settlements is apparent in the southwest, where the high-density rural settlements are characterized by a large-scale concentration in space, and the low-density rural settlements are generally characterized by a small-scale concentration in space and,(3) there are no major changes in spatial characteristics, such as low elevation,low gradient directivity, proximity to rivers and roads. We demonstrate the attraction to and aggregation of characteristics of administrative stations to rural settlements.
The aim of this study is to determine the spatial characteristics of rural settlements under different geomorphology, which is the basis for the appropriate establishment of rural settlements. Our study area is Hunchun city in the Jilin province. We analyze the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of rural settlements in Hunchun city by kernel density estimation and spatial agglomeration analysis. The results show that,(1) the rural settlements in Hunchun city spatially show a feature of gradually becoming sparsely distributed, with the center of concentration in the southwest,(2)the large-scale concentration of rural settlements is apparent in the southwest, where the high-density rural settlements are characterized by a large-scale concentration in space, and the low-density rural settlements are generally characterized by a small-scale concentration in space and,(3) there are no major changes in spatial characteristics, such as low elevation,low gradient directivity, proximity to rivers and roads. We demonstrate the attraction to and aggregation of characteristics of administrative stations to rural settlements.
引文
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[12]蔡雪娇,吴志峰,程炯.基于核密度估算的路网格局与景观破碎化分析[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(1):158-164.CAI X J,WU Z F,CHENG J.Analysis of road network pattern and landscape fragmentation based on kernel density estimation[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2012,31(1):158-164.
[13]王远飞,何洪林.空间数据分析方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:83-90.WANG Y F,HE H L.Analysis method of spatial data[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007:83-90.
[14]李小建.农户地理论[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:112-114.LI X J.Farmers'land theory[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009:112-114.
[15]曾远文,丁忆,胡艳,等.农村居民点空间布局及优化分析--以重庆市合川区狮滩镇聂家村为例[J].国土资源遥感,2018,30(3):113-119.ZENG Y W,DING Y,HU Y,et al.An analysis of spatial distribution and optimization of rural settlements:a case study of Niejia village in Shitan town,Hechuan district,Chongqing[J].Remote Sensing for Land and Resources,2018,30(3):113-119.
[2]孙华生,黄敬峰,金艳,等.基于GIS技术的县域居民点空间分布特征分析及其优化布局[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2007,33(3):348-354.SUN H S,HUANG J F,JIN Y,et al.Spatial distribution characteristics analysis and optimization of county-level settlements based on GIS[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Agriculture&Life Sciences),2007,33(3):348-354.
[3]杨思遥,王艳慧,李贺颖.村级居民点离散度评价模型及其与农村经济关联分析[J].地理与地理信息科学,2015,31(5):73-78.YANG S Y,WANG Y H,LI H Y.Village residential dispersion model and its association with rural economy[J].Geography and Geo-Information Science,2015,31(5):73-78.
[4]王重玲,朱志玲,白林波,等.宁夏中部干旱带农村居民点空间分布研究[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(10):269-277.WANG C L,ZHU Z L,BAI L B,et al.Study on spatial distribution of rural settlements in central arid zone in Ningxia[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2015,31(10):269-277.
[5]李姗姗,曹广超,赵鹏飞.秦巴山区农村居民点空间分布及其影响因素分析--以陕西省宁强县为例[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(3):186-191.LI S S,CAO G C,ZHAO P F.Analysis of spatial distribution of rural settlements and its influential factors in Qinba mountain area:a case study of Ningqiang county in Shaanxi province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(3):186-191.
[6]周启刚,焦欢,王兆林,等.西南山地丘陵区典型乡镇环境因素对农村新建居民点布局与复垦的影响差异分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2016,25(2):274-283.ZHOU Q G,JIAO H,WANG Z L,et al.Analysis the difference of environmental factors influence on rural new settlements and reclamation in southwest hilly typical area[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2016,25(2):274-283.
[7]谭学玲,闫庆武,李晶晶,等.盘县农村居民点空间分布特征及其地形地貌影响因素分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(12):2083-2090.TAN X L,YAN Q W,LI J J,et al.Analysis the characteristics of spatial distribution and topographical influencing factors of rural settlements in Pan county[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2017,26(12):2083-2090.
[8]冯佰香,李加林,何改丽,等.农村居民点时空变化特征及驱动力分析--以宁波市北仑区为例[J].生态学杂志,2018,37(2):523-533.FENG B X,LI J L,HE G L,et al.Spatial-temporal changes and driving forces of rural settlements:a case study of Beilun district,Ningbo[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2018,37(2):523-533.
[9]张坤,谭雪兰,黄婷,等.基于景观生态学的农村居民点布局特征分析[J].上海国土资源,2013,34(2):24-27.ZHANG K,TAN X L,HUANG T,et al.Analysis of the pattern of rural settlement using landscape ecology methods[J].Shanghai Land&Resources,2013,34(2):24-27.
[10]邵姝遥,李加林.四明山区域农村居民点景观格局变化及特征研究[J].上海国土资源,2018,39(1):27-33.SHAO S Y,LI J L.Studying the changes and characteristics of landscape patterns involving rural residents in the Simingshan area[J].Shanghai Land&Resources,2018,39(1):27-33.
[11]邹利林,王建英.中国农村居民点布局优化研究综述[J].中国人口?资源与环境,2015,25(4):59-68.ZOU L L,WANG J Y.Review of research on layout optimization of rural settlements in China[J].China Population,Resources and Environment,2015,25(4):59-68.
[12]蔡雪娇,吴志峰,程炯.基于核密度估算的路网格局与景观破碎化分析[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(1):158-164.CAI X J,WU Z F,CHENG J.Analysis of road network pattern and landscape fragmentation based on kernel density estimation[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2012,31(1):158-164.
[13]王远飞,何洪林.空间数据分析方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:83-90.WANG Y F,HE H L.Analysis method of spatial data[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007:83-90.
[14]李小建.农户地理论[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:112-114.LI X J.Farmers'land theory[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009:112-114.
[15]曾远文,丁忆,胡艳,等.农村居民点空间布局及优化分析--以重庆市合川区狮滩镇聂家村为例[J].国土资源遥感,2018,30(3):113-119.ZENG Y W,DING Y,HU Y,et al.An analysis of spatial distribution and optimization of rural settlements:a case study of Niejia village in Shitan town,Hechuan district,Chongqing[J].Remote Sensing for Land and Resources,2018,30(3):113-119.