离子液体增塑聚酰胺6纤维的制备与性能表征
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摘要
在聚酰胺6(PA 6)中添加离子液体对其进行增塑改性制得离子液体增塑PA 6切片,再经熔融纺丝、拉伸、定型,制备离子液体增塑PA 6纤维,然后对纤维试样进行水洗;探讨了离子液体含量对增塑PA 6纤维的热性能、动态力学性能、取向及力学性能的影响以及水洗之后纤维力学性能的变化。结果表明:随着离子液体添加量的增加,增塑PA 6纤维的熔融温度与结晶温度逐渐下降,纤维分子链的活动性增加,玻璃化转变温度逐渐下降;离子液体并未提高增塑PA 6纤维的取向度;随着离子液体含量的增加,增塑PA 6纤维的断裂强度先增加后降低,断裂伸长率呈下降趋势;在离子液体质量分数为1.5%、拉伸倍数为3.6时,增塑PA 6纤维的断裂强度最高,达3.89 cN/dtex,纤维水洗后断裂强度大幅度提高,达6.36 cN/dtex。
Polyamide 6(PA 6) was exposed to plasticization modification by adding ionic liquid to prepare an ionic liquid plasticized PA 6 chip which was produced into ionic liquid plasticized PA 6 fiber by melt spinning, drawing and setting processes. The fiber samples were subjected to water washing. The effects of ionic liquid content on the thermal property, dynamic mechanical properties, orientation and mechanical properties of ionic liquid plasticized PA 6 fiber were discussed, as was the change of mechanical properties of the fiber after water washing. The results showed that the melting temperature and crystallization temperature of the fiber gradually decreased, the activity of the molecular chains increased, and the glass transition temperature gradually decreased with the addition of ionic liquid; the ionic liquid did not enhance the orientation of plasticized PA 6 fiber; the breaking strength of the plasticized PA 6 fiber first increased and then decreased and the elongation at break appeared a downward tendency when the ionic liquid content was increased; and the breaking strength of the plasticized PA 6 fiber was maximized as 3.89 cN/dtex at the mass fraction of ionic liquid of 1.5% and the draw ratio of 3.6 and considerably increased to 6.36 cN/dtex after water washing.
Polyamide 6(PA 6) was exposed to plasticization modification by adding ionic liquid to prepare an ionic liquid plasticized PA 6 chip which was produced into ionic liquid plasticized PA 6 fiber by melt spinning, drawing and setting processes. The fiber samples were subjected to water washing. The effects of ionic liquid content on the thermal property, dynamic mechanical properties, orientation and mechanical properties of ionic liquid plasticized PA 6 fiber were discussed, as was the change of mechanical properties of the fiber after water washing. The results showed that the melting temperature and crystallization temperature of the fiber gradually decreased, the activity of the molecular chains increased, and the glass transition temperature gradually decreased with the addition of ionic liquid; the ionic liquid did not enhance the orientation of plasticized PA 6 fiber; the breaking strength of the plasticized PA 6 fiber first increased and then decreased and the elongation at break appeared a downward tendency when the ionic liquid content was increased; and the breaking strength of the plasticized PA 6 fiber was maximized as 3.89 cN/dtex at the mass fraction of ionic liquid of 1.5% and the draw ratio of 3.6 and considerably increased to 6.36 cN/dtex after water washing.
引文
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[2] 朱本松, 王晓南. 增塑聚乙烯醇熔融纺丝[J]. 维纶通讯, 1994,14(1):20-24.
[3] 熊祖江,李小宁,贾清秀,等. 高性能聚酰胺6纤维的制备技术进展[J]. 高分子通报, 2010(4):30-35.
[4] 杨沫,李蕾,田鹏. 离子液体的应用研究[J]. 山东化工, 2017(7):85-86.
[5] Van Rijswijk K, Bersee H E N, Beukers A, et al. Optimisation of anionic polyamide-6 for vacuum infusion of thermoplastic composites: Influence of polymerisation temperature on matrix properties[J]. Polym Test, 2006,25(3):392-404.
[6] Islam M S, Mccutcheon J R, Rahaman M S. A high flux polyvinyl acetate-coated electrospun nylon 6/SiO2 composite microfiltration membrane for the separation of oil-in-water emulsion with improved antifouling performance[J]. J Membr Sci, 2017,537:297-309.
[7] 王雁冰,黄志雄,张联盟. DMA在高分子材料研究中的应用[J]. 国外建材科技, 2004(2):25-27.
[8] 宋亦兰,陈建,李俊玲,等. 动态热机械分析及在含氟高分子材料研究中的应用[J]. 化工生产与技术, 2016(1):14-16.
[9] 王春雨,陈烨,陈仕艳,等. 共轭离子液体剥离改性石墨烯的制备及其导电应用[J]. 合成纤维工业, 2018,41(1):6-9.
[10] 巩明方,张恩杰,朱新军,等. 聚丙烯腈/离子液体体系研究进展[J]. 合成纤维工业, 2014,37(5):55-58.