断层对U型钢支架承载性能影响规律研究
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摘要
为了分析断层对U型钢支架承载性能的影响规律,基于断层参数和支架偏载对其承载能力的作用,以顾北煤矿北一(6-2)上山采区6煤底板专用回风巷为工程实例,采用现场调研、数值计算与工业性试验方法,研究了断层法距、倾角和位置对支架载荷的影响以及偏载支架的承载能力.结果表明:随法距增大,支架上最大弯矩先后在左肩角、左帮出现,之后在两帮出现,并在巷道与断层法距5m时取得最大值3.664MN·m;断层倾角为45°和60°时,支架弯矩分别取得最小和最大值;断层位于巷道顶板时支架弯矩取得最小值0.193 MN·m,断层越靠近底板对支架承载越为不利,支架顶梁与棚腿相比受断层位置变化影响较小;支架抗顶压能力较强,拱顶偏载荷载与均布荷载比值为1.0~2.0时有利于整体承载,肩部偏载对支架最为不利;拱顶偏载较小时,锁棚锚杆(索)的增加反而降低架棚承载能力.
In order to analyze the bearing capacity of U-shape steel frame under the influence of fault,based on the parameters of the fault and eccentric load of U-shape steel frame,the return airways of No.6 coal in north 1(6-2)raise panel in Gubei was taken as an engineering example.By utilizing in-situ investigation,numerical simulation,and industrial experiment,the bearing capacity of U-shape steel frame under different normal distance,dips and location of the fault were studied.The results show that with the increasing of the normal distance,the maximum bending moment on the support appeared successively at the left shoulder angle and left side,and then appeared at the two sides of the roadway.When the normal distance between the roadway and the fault is 5 m,the bending moment reached the maximum value 3.664 MN·m.When the dip is 45°and 60°,the minimum and maximum bending moment values reached respectively.When the fault was located in the roof of the roadway,the bending mo-ment of the support reaches the minimum value 0.193 MN ·m.The nearer the fault was to the bottom,the more unfavorable for bearing capacity.Compared with booth lag,roof beam was less affected by the variation of fault location.The support had stronger resistance to roof pressure.It was conductive to the overall bearing capacity when the ratio of eccentric load on vault to uniform load was1.0—2.0.Eccentric load on spandrel was the worst for support.With the increase of bolts,the bearing capacity of support decreases when the eccentric load on vault is low.
In order to analyze the bearing capacity of U-shape steel frame under the influence of fault,based on the parameters of the fault and eccentric load of U-shape steel frame,the return airways of No.6 coal in north 1(6-2)raise panel in Gubei was taken as an engineering example.By utilizing in-situ investigation,numerical simulation,and industrial experiment,the bearing capacity of U-shape steel frame under different normal distance,dips and location of the fault were studied.The results show that with the increasing of the normal distance,the maximum bending moment on the support appeared successively at the left shoulder angle and left side,and then appeared at the two sides of the roadway.When the normal distance between the roadway and the fault is 5 m,the bending moment reached the maximum value 3.664 MN·m.When the dip is 45°and 60°,the minimum and maximum bending moment values reached respectively.When the fault was located in the roof of the roadway,the bending mo-ment of the support reaches the minimum value 0.193 MN ·m.The nearer the fault was to the bottom,the more unfavorable for bearing capacity.Compared with booth lag,roof beam was less affected by the variation of fault location.The support had stronger resistance to roof pressure.It was conductive to the overall bearing capacity when the ratio of eccentric load on vault to uniform load was1.0—2.0.Eccentric load on spandrel was the worst for support.With the increase of bolts,the bearing capacity of support decreases when the eccentric load on vault is low.
引文
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[18]康红普.我国煤矿巷道锚杆支护技术发展60年及展望[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(6):1071-1081.KANG Hongpu.Sixty years development and prospects of rock bolting technology for underground coal mine roadways in China[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2016,45(6):1071-1081.
[19]王晓卿,张农,阚甲广,等.大尺度混凝土巷旁墙体开裂机理及控制对策[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(2):237-243.WANG Xiaoqing,ZHANG Nong,KAN Jiaguang,et al.Cracking mechanism and control strategy of concrete roadside wall with large scale[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2017,46(2):1071-1081.
[2]何爱忠.桃园矿北八大巷过F2大断层围岩控制技术研究[D].中国矿业大学,2008:1-6.HE Aizhong.Study on surrounding rock control technology of north eight entry through F2big fault in Taoyuan mine[D].China University of Mining and Technology,2008:1-6.
[3]谢文兵,荆升国,王涛,等.U型钢支架结构稳定性及其控制技术[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010(增2):3743-3748.XIE Wenbing,JING Shengguo,WANG Tao,et al.Structural stability of U-steel support and its cotrol[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010(Sup 2):3743-3748.
[4]刘建庄,张农,郑西贵,等.U型钢支架偏纵向受力及屈服破坏分析[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(10):1647-1652.LIU Jianzhuang,ZHANG Nong,ZHENG Xigui,et al.Research on buckling failure mechanism of U type steel support loaded deviating longitudinally[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(10):1647-1652.
[5]肖峰.软弱围岩巷道U型钢可缩性支架联合支护机理研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2007:5-20.XIAO Feng.Mechanism research on the combination support system of yielding U-steel in soft ground tunnel[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiao-tong University,2007:5-20.
[6]侯朝炯,张树东,邹喜正.巷道可缩性金属支架主要架型的研究[J].中国矿业学院学报,1987(2):11-18.HOU Chaojiong,ZHANG Shudong,ZOU Xizheng.Study on main frame types of shrinkage metal supports for roadway[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,1987(2):11-18.
[7]李效甫.U型钢支架承载能力的计算和分析[J].煤炭科学技术,1983(5):28-30.LI Xiaofu.Calculation and analysis on bearing capacity of U-shape steel frame[J].Coal Science and Technology,1983(5):28-30.
[8]熊炜,范文,彭建兵,等.正断层活动对公路山岭隧道工程影响的数值分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010(增1):2845-2852.XIONG Wei,FAN Wen,PENG Jianbing,et al.Numberical analysis of effect of normal fault activity on road mountain tunnel porject[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010(Sup 1):2845-2852.
[9]赵德昌.断层破碎带围岩压力[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,1996(4):65-66.ZHAO Dechang.Surrounding rock pressure of the fault fracture zone[J].Ground Pressure and Strata Control,1996(4):65-66.
[10]王其洲,谢文兵,荆升国,等.动压影响巷道U型钢支架-锚索协同支护机理及其承载规律[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(2):301-307.WANG Qizhou,XIE Wenbing,JING Shengguo,et al.Research on U-shape steel frame and anchor cable collaborative support mechanism and loading law of roadway under dynamical pressure impact.[J]Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(2):301-307.
[11]张宏学,姚卫粉,王运臣.深部软岩巷道U型钢支架承载能力增强技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2013(5):39-42.ZHANG Hongxue,YAO Weifen,WANG Yunchen.Loading capacity enhancement technology of U type steel support applied to soft rock roadway in deep mine[J].Coal Science and Technology,2013(5):39-42.
[12]中华人民共和国国家标准编写组.矿山巷道支护用热轧U型钢:GB-T4697[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008:3-5.Compilation group of national standards of People's Republic of China.U-type hot rolled steel mine timbering dimension,shape,weight and permissible variations GB-T4697[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2008:3-5.
[13]欧阳秀兰,占文锋.断层模拟中FLAC模拟方法的对比研究[J].北京工业职业技术学院学报,2006(4):77-81.OUYANG Xiulan,ZHAN Wenfeng.A contrastive study of FLAC simulation methods in fault[J].Journal of Beijing Vocation and Technical Institute of Industy,2006(4):77-81.
[14]曹代勇,吴李泉,占文锋,等.断层应力封闭性的FLAC模拟研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2005(1):1-3.CAO Daiyong,WU Liquan,ZHAN Wenfeng,et al.Application of FLAC in simulation of fault stress seal[J].Coal Geology and Exploration,2005(1):1-3.
[15]陈育民,徐鼎平.FLAC/FLAC3D基础与工程实例[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2009:116-140.CHEN Yumin,XU Dingping.Foundation and engineering example of FLAC/FLAC3D[M].Beijing:China Water and Power Press,2009:116-140.
[16]贾晓亮.基于FLAC3D的断层数值模拟及其应用[D].焦作:河南理工大学,2010:28-33.JIA Xiaoliang.Numerical simulation and application of fault based on FLAC3D[D].Jiaozuo:Henan Polytechnic University,2010:28-33.
[17]刘宁宁.走向断层影响下巷道围岩应力演化及支架承载性能优化[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2013:25-30.LIU Ningning.Stress evolution in surrounding rock and bearing capacity optimization of U-steel shed for roadway influenced by strike fault[D].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology,2013:25-30.
[18]康红普.我国煤矿巷道锚杆支护技术发展60年及展望[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(6):1071-1081.KANG Hongpu.Sixty years development and prospects of rock bolting technology for underground coal mine roadways in China[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2016,45(6):1071-1081.
[19]王晓卿,张农,阚甲广,等.大尺度混凝土巷旁墙体开裂机理及控制对策[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(2):237-243.WANG Xiaoqing,ZHANG Nong,KAN Jiaguang,et al.Cracking mechanism and control strategy of concrete roadside wall with large scale[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2017,46(2):1071-1081.